Dense and core-rim structured B4C-TiB2 ceramics with Mo-Co-WC additive

B₄C-TiB₂ ceramics (TiB₂ ranging 5~70 vol%) with Mo-Co-WC as the sintering additive were prepared by spark plasma sintering. In comparison with B₄C-TiB₂ without additive, the enhanced densification was evident in the sintered specimen with Mo-Co-WC additive. Core-rim structured grain was observed around TiB₂ grains. The interface of the rim between TiB₂ and B₄C phases demonstrated different feature: the inner borderline of the rim exhibited a smooth feature, whereas a sharp curved grain boundary was observed between the rim and the B₄C grain. The formation mechanism is discussed: the epitaxial growth of (Ti,Mo,W)B₂ rim around the TiB₂ core may occur as a result of the solid solution and dissolution-precipitation between TiB₂ phase and the sintering additive. It was revealed that the fracture toughness increased as the content of TiB₂ content increased, alongside the decreased hardness. B₄C-30 vol% TiB₂ specimen demonstrated the optimal combination of mechanical properties, reaching Vickers hardness of 24.3 GPa and fracture toughness of 3.33 MPa·m^1/2.     

Enhancement in the osteogenesis and angiogenesis of calcium phosphate cement by incorporating magnesium-containing silicates

Based on the good osteogenic and angiogenic effects of silicon and magnesium elements, three types of micro-nano magnesium-containing silicates (MS), including akermanite (Ake, Ca₂MgSi₂O₇), diopside (Dio, CaMgSi₂O₆) and forsterite (For, Mg₂SiO₄), were incorporated into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) to improve its osteogenic and angiogenic performances for clinical application. In this present work, the physicochemical properties, osteogenesis and angiogenesis of MS/CPCs (Ake/CPCs, Dio/CPCs and For/CPCs) were investigated systematically and comparatively. The results showed that all MS/CPCs had good biomineralization and significantly stimulated the osteogenic differentiation of mBMSCs and angiogenic differentiation of HUVECs, respectively. Besides, the stimulating effects were related to not only the category of MS, but also the content of MS. The For/CPCs had a good angiogenic property but their initial setting times were beyond 60 min. The Dio/CPCs showed the lowest biological performance among the three groups of MS/CPCs due to the lower ion release (Si and Mg). The Ake was the ideal modifier that could provide CPC with appropriate physicochemical properties, better osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Simultaneously, a higher addition (10 wt%) of akermanite resulted in the best potential to bone regeneration. Taken together, this research provides an effective approach to improve the overall performance of CPC, and 10Ake/CPC is of great promising prospect in bone repair.     

Effect of grinding-induced cyclic heating on the hardened layer generation in the plunge grinding of a cylindrical component

This paper discusses the effects of the grinding-induced cyclic heating on the properties of the hardened layer in a plunge cylindrical grinding process on the high strength steel EN26. It was found that a multi-pass grinding brings about a uniform and continuous hardened layer along the circumference of the cylindrical workpiece. An increase of the number of grinding passes, leads to a thicker layer of hardening, a larger compressive residual stress and a deeper plastic deformation zone. Within the plastic deformation zone, the martensitic grains are refined by the thermo-mechanical loading, giving rise to a hardness of 12.5% higher than that from a conventional martensitic transformation. The coupled effects of heat accumulation and wheel wear in the multi-pass grinding are the main causes for the thickening of the hardened layer. A too small infeed per workpiece revolution would result in insufficient grinding heat, and in turn, bring about an undesirable tempered hardened layer and a reduction of its hardness.     

Influence of the ZrB2 content on the anti-oxidation ability of ZrB2-SiC coatings in aerobic environments with broad temperature range

ZrB₂-SiC coatings with different ZrB₂ contents were prepared by liquid phase sintering. The oxidation processes of coatings were explained according to TG results of ZrB₂-SiC coatings and powders tested from 298 K to 1773 K. Results show that, increasing ZrB₂ content made the weight of the samples changed from weight-loss of 10.04% to weight-gain of 0.14%, while the fastest weight-loss regions were narrowed, whose inflection points reduced from 1310℃ to 1050℃. Increasing ZrB₂ content made the relative oxygen permeability of the ZrB₂-SiC/SiC coatings reduced from 40%–60% to -10%-5%. Increasing ZrB₂ content enhanced high-temperature stability of coatings, making final weight of samples changed from weight-loss of 0.16% to weight-gain of 0.11% after oxidation at 1773 K for 200 h. The peeling and dispersion of Zr-oxides formed Zr-B-Si-O compound glass layer, presenting enhanced stability, dispersion strengthening and pinning effect of Zr-oxides, which were responsible for the excellent anti-oxidation protective effect of coatings in a broad temperature region.     

金属增材制造用钛粉制备研究

金属增材制造技术正朝着产业化的方向发展,钛粉是金属增材制造领域的主流原料之一。本文概述了钛及钛合金的熔炼技术,重点介绍了感应熔炼,并对目前主流的钛粉制备技术进行了对比和分析,包括基本原理、优缺点和影响粉末特性的因素等。此外,还介绍了数值模拟在钛粉制备上的应用,并对钛粉制备工艺在金属增材制造领域的发展做出了展望。     

基于VRML的齿轮机构运动仿真

虚拟设计是CAD研究的重要内容,它在机构设计中得到广泛应用,现在许多CAD软件都可以对机构进行虚拟设计并进行运动仿真以验证其正确性.但其存在文件大、交互性差、不便于网上传输的缺点,VRML对解决该存在的问题提供了一种崭新的思路和方法.文章介绍了VRML语言特点,研究了利用CAD软件和VRML建立虚拟静态模型和动态模型的方法与原理,并以齿轮-齿轮、齿轮-齿条机构为例重点阐述实现其运动仿真的关键技术,在此基础上完成了包括直齿圆柱齿轮机构、斜齿圆柱齿轮机构、齿轮齿条机构、圆锥齿轮机构、蜗轮蜗杆以及内齿轮啮合机构的齿轮机构三维运动仿真.     

螺旋管激光三维弯曲精度研究

对螺旋管材激光三连续弯曲精度控制进行了理论分析,建立了工艺参数与弯曲件尺寸的关系模型,绘制了工艺参数与弯曲件尺寸的关系图,为提高螺旋管激光三维连续弯曲精度提供了理论依据。通过螺旋管激光三维连续弯曲实验,验证了工艺方案的可行性。根据弯曲结果,结合理论分析,进一步调整工艺参数,使螺旋管直径精度提高60％,螺距精度提高53％。