Kinetics of nucleation and crystallization in poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

Differential fast scanning calorimetry (DFSC) was employed on poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), in order to identify the temperature range of heterogeneous nucleation caused by both nanofillers. The fast scanning rates also allow investigating self-nucleation by recrystallization experiments approaching the crystallization temperature from low temperatures. The recrystallization behavior of PBSu and its nanocomposites is distinct from all other polymers studied so far as only the previously crystallized part of the material is able to recrystallize, independently on the available large number of nuclei. Since full melting of small crystals at low temperatures is observed this highlights the importance of ordered structures remaining in the polymer melt. On cooling from the melt the neat polymer did not crystallize at rates higher than 70 K/s, while the nanocomposites needed rates of 500 K/s and 300 K/s for silver and MWCNT, respectively. Below 280 K the crystallization kinetics of the matrix was almost the same with the nanocomposite samples. The nucleation mechanism changes at 280 K from heterogeneous to homogeneous. The study further confirms that below the glass transition nucleation and crystallization appears only after approaching the enthalpy value of the extrapolated supercooled liquid by enthalpy relaxation.     

烯基琥珀酸淀粉在微胶囊壁材中的应用

介绍了烯基琥珀酸淀粉作为微胶囊壁材应用的原理，方法及其产品的性能，分析了它在我国实施产业化存在的问题，并提出今后的发展前景。     

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯的研究进展

综述了脂肪族聚酯类可降解生物材料聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)的研究进展,重点对PBS的制备方法、改性、产业化等方面进行了探讨,指出PBS产业存在的问题及今后的研究重点。     

以琥珀酸二铵为原料的PBS的合成与性能

以生物质基琥珀酸二铵与丁二醇为原料,通过熔融缩聚合成相对分子量(M_w=7.0×10~4)较高的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS).运用FT-IR,~1H-NMR、WXRD、DSC、GPC和SEM对其进行表征及性能研究.结果表明:以琥珀酸二铵合成的PBS是结晶性聚合物,结晶度为64.9%,熔点为115.7℃,在可控堆肥条件下降解70 d后的生物降解率达66.71%.     

Mechanical and thermal properties of poly(butylene succinate)/plant fiber biodegradable composite

Biodegradable polymeric composites were fabricated from poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and kenaf fiber (KF) by melt mixing technique. The mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties, morphology and crystallization behavior were investigated for PBS/KF composites with different KF contents (0, 10, 20, and 30 wt %). The tensile modulus, storage modulus and the crystallization rate of PBS in the composites were all efficiently enhanced. With the incorporation of 30% KF, the tensile modulus and storage modulus (at 40°C) of the PBS/KF composite were increased by 53 and 154%, respectively, the crystallization temperature in cooling process at 10°C/min from the melt was increased from 76.3 to 87.7°C, and the half‐time of PBS/KF composite in isothermal crystallization at 96 and 100°C were reduced to 10.8% and 14.3% of that of the neat PBS, respectively. SEM analysis indicates that the adhesion between PBS and KF needs further improvement. These results signify that KF is efficient in improving the tensile modulus, storage modulus and the crystallization rate of PBS. Hence, this study provides a good option for preparing economical biodegradable composite. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

PBS/剑麻复合材料制备与性能研究

利用蒸汽爆破预处理剑麻纤维(SESF)作为增强体,通过模压成型制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/SESF复合材料,研究了SESF质量分数对复合材料力学性能的影响。对比了在剑麻纤维质量分数为30%的条件下,和未经预处理的2种剑麻纤维制得的复合材料的力学性能,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)对试样进行观察分析。结果表明,随着SESF质量分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度先增大后减小,在SESF质量分数为30%时达到最大值,比纯PBS的提高了15.5%;弯曲强度和弯曲模量均随剑麻纤维质量分数的增大而提高,其中弯曲强度在SESF质量分数为30%时的比纯PBS的提高了132.5%;断裂伸长率和冲击强度随着SESF质量分数的增加而降低。     

乙二胺四乙酸和聚环氧琥珀酸对污泥中铅的萃取研究

以某公司废水处理池中的污泥为研究材料,分别以乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐(EDTA)和聚环氧琥珀酸(PE-SA)作为萃取剂,研究了它们在不同pH、萃取剂浓度、搅拌时间下Pb的萃取率。实验结果表明,在最佳的实验条件下,EDTA对Pb萃取率为83.32%;而PESA对Pb萃取率达到92.36%。PESA不含有氮、磷,不会引起水体富营养化,是环境友好的水溶性聚合物。     

脂肪族聚丁二酸丁二醇-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物的制备及性能研究

采用熔融缩聚法以钛酸四丁酯为催化剂,使单体发生酯交换反应,成功制备了一系列以聚乙二醇(PEG)为亲水软段,以聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)为硬段的嵌段共聚物,采用1H-NMR确定了共聚物的结构组成;采用DSC、吸水性测试及水解降解试验对嵌段共聚物性能表征,结果表明共聚物中两种链段的含量与原料投料比一致,具有可调控性。由于PEG的引入,使共聚物结晶性下降,亲水性和降解性得到显著改善。     

非水滴定法测定凉味剂琥珀酸单薄荷酯含量的研究

建立了测定琥珀酸单薄荷酯含量的非水滴定方法。采用电位法和指示剂法指示滴定终点,对测定条件进行了研究,并用气相色谱法验证了方法的准确性。实验结果表明,以乙醇为溶剂,用甲醇钠标准滴定溶液对琥珀酸单薄荷酯进行非水滴定,采用电位法和指示剂法的测定结果与气相色谱法的测定结果无显著差异(置信度95%);体系中水分含量≤1%时,对测定结果没有显著影响。该方法简单快速,准确度高,重复性好,非常适用于琥珀酸单薄荷酯含量的测定和质量控制。