配电网故障定位与快速抢修系统研究

针对配电网发生故障后采用传统的人工巡线方式存在故障区段定位困难、抢修效率低的问题,设计了一种基于柱上故障定位监测终端的配电网故障定位与快速抢修系统。该系统采用柱上故障定位监测终端实时测量配电网数据,采用过流速断法判别短路故障、全电流法判别接地故障;当故障发生时,柱上故障定位监测终端通过GPRS无线通信模块将故障信息发送到监控主站,监控主站采用改进的矩阵定位算法实现故障区段的准确定位;故障类型及故障位置以短信方式通知相关工作人员并在监控主站界面上显示,从而可实现故障的快速抢修。仿真结果验证了该系统的可行性。     

An improved bacterial foraging algorithm for combined static/dynamic environmental economic dispatch

Economic dispatch is carried out at the energy control center to find out the optimal output of thermal generating units such that power balance criterion is met, unit operating limits are satisfied and the fuel cost is minimized. With growing environmental awareness and strict government regulations throughout the world, it has become essential to optimize not only the total fuel cost but also the harmful emissions, both, under static as well as dynamic conditions. The static environment economic dispatch finds the optimal output of generating units for a fixed load demand at a given time, while the dynamic environmental economic dispatch schedules the output of online generators with changing power demands over a certain time period (normally one day) so as to minimize these two conflicting objectives, simultaneously. In this paper, the price penalty factor approach is employed for simultaneous minimization of cost and emission. The generator ramp rate constraints, non-convex and discontinuous nature of cost function and the large number of generators in practical power plants, make this problem very difficult to solve. Here, a fuzzy ranking approach is employed to identify the solution which offers the best compromise between cost and emission objectives.     

700nm浊度补偿在总氮水质自动分析仪中的应用

针对总氮水质分析仪测定浑浊水体出现吸光度偏低,甚至出现吸光度负值的问题,通过增加一路700 nm光路比色系统来进行浊度补偿,解决了总氮标液随浊度升高,测定结果不断降低的问题。实际水样试验室比对结果示值误差保持在±10%以内,加标回收率满足90%~110%。     

电机智能制造发展现状及推进策略

随着电机制造要求逐步提高、自动化逐渐普及,智能制造将成为未来主流的生产制造模式。基于对传统电机制造现状和发展趋势的分析,厘清智能制造优势及智能制造推进误区,概括智能制造推进内容及策略。以江苏大中电机股份有限公司相关项目为例,介绍智能制造的侧重内容、实施步骤、原则及实施成果。结果表明：总体生产效率提高了35.75%,生产运营成本降低了26.21%,产品不良率降低了75.84%。在此基础上概括电机行业智能制造推进参考战略,为中小型电机行业发展提供支持。     

Pro-Inflammatory Effect of Gliadins and Glutenins Extracted from Different Wheat Cultivars on an In Vitro 3D Intestinal Epithelium Model

There is a need to assess the relationship between improved rheological properties and the immunogenic potential of wheat proteins. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of total protein extracts from three modern and two landrace Triticum aestivum commercial flour mixes, with significant differences in gluten strength (GS), on cell lines. Cytotoxicity and innate immune responses induced by wheat proteins were investigated using Caco-2 monocultures, two dimensional (2D) Caco-2/U937 co-cultures, and three dimensional (3D) co-cultures simulating the intestinal mucosa with Caco-2 epithelial cells situated above an extra-cellular matrix containing U937 monocytes and L929 fibroblasts. Modern wheat proteins, with increased GS, significantly reduced Caco-2 cell proliferation and vitality in monoculture and 2D co-cultures than landrace proteins. Modern wheat proteins also augmented Caco-2 monolayer disruption and tight junction protein, occludin, redistribution in 3D co-cultures. Release of interleukin-8 into the cell medium and increased U937 monocyte migration in both 2D and 3D co-cultures were similarly apparent. Immuno-activation of migrating U937 cells was evidenced from cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) staining and CD11b-related differentiation into macrophages. The modern wheat proteins, with gluten polymorphism relatedness and increased GS, were shown to be more cytotoxic and immunogenic than the landrace wheat proteins.     

再生砖混骨料混凝土柱的小偏心受压性能

通过小偏心受压性能试验对比研究3根的天然骨料混凝土柱和3根同强度全再生砖混骨料混凝土柱,强度分别为C25、C30和C35. 对6根柱进行加载试验,分析再生砖混骨料混凝土柱相比于同强度天然骨料混凝土柱在受力过程、破坏特征、变形能力与承载力等方面的差异. 试验发现,再生砖混骨料混凝土柱在小偏心加载至破坏的过程中,具有与天然骨料混凝土柱相似的3个受力阶段,且符合平截面假定. 与同强度的天然骨料混凝土柱相比,变形较大,但再生砖混骨料混凝土柱的极限承载力略高,原因可能在于两者轴心抗压强度的差异.     

大渡河过饱和溶解气体原型观测研究

高坝泄洪会导致水中的总溶解气体（TDG）过饱和,其不利影响会持续较长范围,可能导致下游鱼类患气泡病甚至死亡。随着大量高坝的建成运行,这一生态环境问题更受关注。基于对大渡河水电站A三年的过饱和TDG原型观测数据,分析过饱和TDG生成释放的影响因素及其作用规律,并开展泄水方式优化的分析讨论。结果表明,不同的泄洪建筑物泄洪生成的过饱和TDG差异较为显著,深孔泄洪生成的饱和度水平高于泄洪洞泄洪生成水平;TDG饱和度生成值与泄洪流量成较好的正相关关系,而与下游水位的关系并不显著;初始饱和度的高低影响单位距离TDG饱和度降低值的大小;水深是影响过饱和TDG释放的重要因素,水深越小的河段释放系数越大。基于三年原型观测数据的分析结果,进一步提出水电站A过饱和TDG生成预测模型,并对汛期的大坝泄洪调度提出减缓过饱和TDG影响的优化建议：当流量小于泄洪洞泄洪能力（1384 m3﹒s-1）时,采用泄洪洞泄洪;当流量大于泄洪洞泄洪能力且小于2600 m3﹒s-1时,采用单深孔与泄洪洞联合泄洪,可将生成的TDG饱和度控制在129%以下。多年期的原型观测研究丰富了高坝泄洪过饱和TDG的原型观测成果,为进一步探究过饱和TDG机制和TDG减缓措施提供重要基础数据和技术支撑,对水电开发河流的水生态保护具有一定意义。     

细菌纤维素的功能化改性研究进展

细菌纤维素(BC)是微生物生长过程中产生的以葡萄糖为基本骨架的结构性碳水化合物,具有高纯度、高聚合度、高结晶度、高持水性、高抗张强度和良好的机械强度,在功能材料领域显示了巨大的应用潜力.综述了近年来BC合成菌种筛选的研究现状;分析了BC在透气、吸湿排汗、力学性能和染色与脱色性能调控方面的进展情况;重点总结了BC基材料在抗菌、防紫外线、防辐射、防静电、拒水拒油、导电和传感等功能化改性方面的研究进展;最后,指出BC大规模高效成模和成型技术、差异化高功能BC材料制备技术是未来的重点研发方向.     

基于H4结构逆变器在不同调制方式下的性能比较

针对传统双极性调制和单极性调制方式在效率、总谐波失真THD(total harmonic distortion)以及电磁干扰等方面的问题,提出上慢下快调制方式和半周期工频半周期高频调制方式2种新控制策略。上慢下快调制方式在较高电压和电流上升率的工况下,对于驱动电路以及主电路中的杂散电感、电容的电磁干扰影响,能够有效抑制。半周期工频半周期高频调制方式在调制波(正弦波)过零点处无SPWM突变,有效改善输出电压过零点振荡的问题。在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台验证了4种调制方式的可行性。最后通过实验研究,结合效率、THD这2个参数进行对比分析,比较4种调制方式的性能,通过实验数据得出所提控制策略较传统调制方式在效率、总谐波含量以及电磁干扰等方面均有改善,证明了所提控制策略的可行性与有效性。     

铜冶炼企业产品质量控制的探索与实践

为了保持阴极铜化学成分和质量长期稳定,某铜冶炼企业对阴极铜化学成分进行监控,对铜冶炼生产系统中电解工序物料、产出后又重回本系统物料、贵金属系统中产出物料、外购原料中物料的杂质总量进行分析,提出了减少杂质对阴极铜质量影响的措施,为阴极铜质量的稳定创造了良好的生产条件,并提升了企业适应复杂原料市场的能力。