Advances of Titanium Alloys and Its Biological Surface Modification

This paper reviews the past, present and future of surface modification of titanium alloy from the point of view of preparation of hard tissue replacement implants. The development of titanium alloy is also described.     

Surface Modification of Biomaterials in Hard Tissue Applications

Surface modification technologies are quite common in the biomedical field to improve the mechanical,chemical, physical and biological properties of implants such as artificial joint and cardiovascular devices. In this paper, recent progress in the investigation of the bioactivity and biocompatibility enhancement of implants using plasma spraying and plasmabased ion implantation (PIII) is described. Plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings are commonly used as bioactive coatings but the relatively poor adhesion between the coatings and titanium is one of main disadvantages which have limited their biomedical applications. In our recent studies, novel bioactive coatings, such as wollastonite and dicalcium silicate, were deposited onto titanium to enhance the surfaces bioactivity and biocompatibility. Our results indicate that plasma sprayed wollastonite and dicalcium silicate coatings possess excellent bioactivity as well as relatively high bonding strength. Plasma immersion ion implantation was also employed to improve the anti-corrosion and biological properties of implants.     

Simulation Charpy impact energy of functionally graded steels by modified stress-strain curve through mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity theory

In the present work, Charpy impact energy of functionally graded steels produced by electroslag remelting composed of graded ferritic or austenitic layers in both crack divider and crack arrester configurations has been modeled by finite element method. The yield stress of each layer was related to the density of the statistically stored dislocations of that layer and assuming by Holloman relation for the corresponding stress-strain curves, tensile strengths of the constituent layers were determined via numerical method. By using load-displacement curves acquired from instrumented Charpy impact tests on primary specimens, the obtained stress-strain curves from uniaxial tensile tests were modified. The data used for each layer in finite element modeling were predicted modified stress-strain curves obtained from strain gradient plasticity theory. A relatively good agreement between experimental results and those obtained from simulation was observed.     

Surface maleylation and naphthaloylation of chitin nanofibers for property enhancement

Surface N-maleylation and N-naphthaloylation of chitin nanofiber (NF) were achieved by reaction with maleic and naphthalic anhydrides in water, respectively. Maleyl and naphthaloyl groups were sufficiently introduced to an amino group on a surface-deacetylated chitin NF. The characteristic nanofiber morphology was maintained after maleylation and naphthaloylation. These NFs were homogeneously dispersed in several organic solvents. Especially, naphthaloyl chitin NF was dispersed even in aromatic solvents, owing to the high level of solvation interactions with the naphthaloyl group. The NF dispersions in those aromatic solvents exhibited a dispersive-to-precipitate transition response at approximately 29 °C. Moreover, the naphthaloyl chitin NF dispersion cut harmful ultraviolet light. The maleyl chitin NF formed a self-standing gel after cross-linking polymerization.     

精脱硫工序积碳与结焦的对策

介绍了甲醇生产中焦炉煤气精脱硫系统积碳与结焦的危害以及应对方法。通过设备改造及工艺调整等措施,减少各种杂质进入精脱硫系统,使加氢催化剂保持良好效果,实现设备长周期运行。     

总体规划修改的制度化探索——以重庆市城乡总体规划为例

传统基于技术理性的蓝图式总体规划难以适应经济社会快速发展的要求,《重庆市城乡总体规划（2007—2020年）》（2011年修订）探索实践了《城乡规划法》和《城市总体规划修改工作规则》规定的修改程序。增强总体规划的适应性,需要建立动态完善总体规划的机制、加强多层级多部门的协调合作、空间与政策并重,加强对城市宏观发展趋势的把握。     

多元醇配位体改性三氯化铝催化1-癸烯齐聚产物分析

聚α-烯烃合成油(Polymer Alpha olefins,简称PAO),是一类性能高的润滑剂与官能液,也是饱和烯烃的低聚物。其中,α-烯烃(主要为C_8~C_(12))的三、四聚体是合成润滑油基础油最主要的原料,且具有很高的粘度指数、低的倾点。主要选用1-癸烯为原料烯烃,通过加入多元醇配位体对三氯化铝进行改性,研究三氯化铝改性的催化剂对α-烯烃催化的齐聚反应的最佳工艺条件,计算齐聚产物的收率。     

对蒙脱石层电荷的测定

介绍了蒙脱石矿物晶格的层表面积、层电荷的概念；蒙脱石晶层中单价交换阳离子所占据的面积及层电荷的确定方法，并对不同种方法进行了比较。指出了在蒙脱石改性工艺中，研究蒙脱石层电荷的重要性。     

聚苯醚/聚酰胺合金的增容及增韧改性研究

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚苯醚(PPO-g-MAH)对PPO/尼龙66(PA66)合金的增容作用和苯乙烯-乙烯/丁烯-苯乙烯(SEBS)对PPO/PA66合金的增韧作用。扫描电镜的结果表明,PPO-g-MAH可以很好地改善PPO与PA66之间的相容性,通过力学性能的表征也证明PPO-g-MAH对PPO/PA66合金有很好的增韧作用。SEBS对PPO/PA66合金有很好的增韧效果,但会降低材料的刚性。     

阻燃聚丙烯的研究进展

基于聚丙烯的热分解机理,依照材料设计的思路,总结并概括出阻燃聚丙烯的开发已从最开始的单纯的配比添加向深层次的材料设计转变的研究方向。重点概括并论述了当前阻燃聚丙烯材料的开发设计思路,并举例分析了三种层面上的阻燃聚丙烯的国内外的研发进展及其不足。