纤维增强石膏板抗弯性能试验研究

通过4块纤维增强石膏板的抗弯性能试验,分析了纤维增强石膏板的抗弯破坏机理,通过分析纤维增强石膏板的荷载—挠度曲线,荷载—拉应变曲线得到了纤维增强石膏板的抗弯刚度、开裂荷载和极限荷载。研究表明:纤维增强石膏板在水平均布荷载作用下的破坏机理类似于适筋梁的破坏。     

外载荷作用下的船体梁极限弯矩

为了合理地预测船体梁极限弯矩,基于通用有限元系统,结合材料非线性和初始缺陷处理方法,考虑货物载荷、静水压力和水动压力等局部载荷和水平弯矩、扭转等外载荷作用,建立了一个计及外载荷效应的船体极限强度非线性有限元分析的框架.采用该文方法对Paik计算模型中受局部载荷作用的加筋板的极限强度进行了分析,计算结果表明,方法准确可靠.最后,计及外载荷作用对某型油船的极限弯矩进行了计算分析,研究表明:外载荷效应是不可忽略的,船体梁极限承载能力不仅与船体结构自身有关,还与外载荷密切相关.因此,建议根据船舶的具体装载工况分别进行船体梁极限承载能力计算.     

螺旋管激光三维弯曲精度研究

对螺旋管材激光三连续弯曲精度控制进行了理论分析,建立了工艺参数与弯曲件尺寸的关系模型,绘制了工艺参数与弯曲件尺寸的关系图,为提高螺旋管激光三维连续弯曲精度提供了理论依据。通过螺旋管激光三维连续弯曲实验,验证了工艺方案的可行性。根据弯曲结果,结合理论分析,进一步调整工艺参数,使螺旋管直径精度提高60％,螺距精度提高53％。     

螺旋管激光连续弯曲工艺研究

管材激光弯曲是一种具有极高柔性的金属塑性加工方法,特别适合于低塑性材料和薄壁管材的弯曲。管材激光弯曲角度与管材尺寸、材料性能、激光光斑尺寸、激光扫描速度及激光功率相关,基于塑性力学原理建立了弯曲角度计算公式。基于连续变换单点弯曲位置与方向实现管材激光三维连续弯曲的原理,经几何分析与推导,提出了螺旋管三维弯曲激光扫描方案并进行了实验验证。     

广东某体育馆钢结构施工阶段静力分析

为掌握广州市某体育馆钢结构工程结构的特点,分析不同施工方案对结构的影响,利用大型有限元结构分析程序对比赛馆、训练馆的屋盖钢结构进行结构整体静力分析,并计算结构在不同类型荷载和工况下的内力和位移,得出结构在外部作用下的最不利部位.研究结果表明结构靠近底部约束的位置受温度影响很大,而中部的温度应力较小.     

斜卷边槽钢偏心受压构件的稳定性分析

为进一步推动斜卷边槽钢在实际工程中的应用,明确其与直角卷边槽钢的区别,采用ANSYS非线性有限元程序,对共计70个算例的斜卷边槽钢在对称轴平面内偏心受压状态下的构件稳定性能进行分析.研究7种卷边弯起角度、10种偏心距对斜卷边槽钢偏心受压构件稳定承载力、失稳模式及变形等性能的影响.结果表明:偏心距对构件的承载力和失稳模式影响显著,所有构件均不是在偏心距为零时获得承载力的最大值.相同负向偏心距下,随卷边弯起角度的增大构件承载力逐渐降低;当卷边弯起角度达钝角后,各构件之间承载力相差较小,基本不再受弯起角度的影响.在正向偏心荷载作用下,越早出现畸变屈曲的构件承载力越低.     

Theoretical analysis on bending behavior of functionally graded composite beam crack-controlled by ultrahigh toughness cementitious composites

Ultrahigh toughness cementitious composites (UHTCC) obviously show strain hardening property under tensile or bending loading. The failure pattern of the UHTCC components exhibits multiple fine cracks under uniaxial tensile loading with prominent tensile strain capacity in excess of 3%, with merely 60 μm average crack width even corresponding to the ultimate tensile strain state. The approach adopted is based on the concept of functionally-graded concrete, where part of the concrete, which surrounds the main longitudinal reinforcement in a RC (reinforced concrete) member, is strategically replaced with UHTCC with excellent crack-controlling ability. Investigations on bending behavior of functionally-graded composite beam crack controlled by UHTCC has been carried out, including theo- retical analysis, experimental research on long composite beams without web reinforcement, validation and comparison between experimental and theoretical results, and analysis on crack control. In addition to improving bearing capacity, the results indicate that functionally-graded composite beams using UHTCC has been found to be very effective in preventing corrosion-induced damage compared with RC beams. Therefore, durability and service life of the structure could be enhanced. This paper discusses the development of internal force and crack propagation during loading process, and presents analysis of the internal force in different stages, moment-curvature relationship from loading to damage and calculation of mid-span deflection and ductility index. In the end, the theoretical formulae have been validated by experimental results.     

集装箱板冷弯裂纹形成分析

针对广州珠江钢铁公司生产的厚规格集装箱板易在外弧面出现微裂纹的现象,采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对其大量冷弯裂纹试样进行了观察和分析。结果表明,冷弯裂纹试样主要存在以下3种缺陷：距表层10～30μm处的皮下微裂纹、皮下链状夹杂物和表层氧化层与基体结合部位的残余元素（Cu、Ni、As）偏析,其中以皮下微裂纹缺陷的几率居多。     

Elastoplastic Finite Element Analysis and Strength Evaluation of Adhesive Butt Joints of Similar and Dissimilar Hollow Shafts Subjected to External Bending Moments

Stress distributions and deformation of adhesive butt joints are analyzed by an elastoplastic finite element method when the joints of similar and dissimilar shafts are subjected to external bending moments. The effects of the ratio of Young's modulus for the adherends to that for an adhesive and the effects of the adhesive thickness on the interface stress distribution are investigated. Joint strength is predicted by using the elastoplastic interface stress distributions. It is found that the singular stress at the edge of the interfaces increases with an increase of the ratio of Young's modulus. Measurement of strains in joints and experiments on joint strength were conducted. The numerical results are in fairly good agreement with the experimental results. It is observed that the joint strength for dissimilar shafts are smaller than those for similar shafts. A fracture of dissimilar adhesive up-bonded shafts occurred from the interface of the adherend with smaller Young's modulus. It is seen that joint strength increases as the adhesive thickness increases.     

Electromechanical behavior of hybrid carbon/glass fiber composites with tension and bending

To understand the smart (i.e., good memory) characteristics of hybrid composites of carbon fibers (CFs) and glass fibers (GFs) with epoxy resin as a matrix, the changes in the electrical resistance of composites with tension and on bending were investigated. The electrical resistance behavior of composites under tension changed with the composition of the CF/GF, as well as with the applied strain. The fractional electrical resistance increased slowly with increasing strain within a relatively low strain region. However, with further loading it increased stepwise with the strain according to the fracture of the CF layers. The strain sensitivity of the samples increased with increasing CF weight percentage, and the samples incorporating more than 40 wt % CF showed a strain sensitivity higher than 1.54 for a single CF. The changes in the fractional electrical resistance with bending were not so dominant as those with tension. This difference was attributed to the action of two cancelling effects, which are the increasing and decreasing fractional electrical resistance due to tension and compression with bending, respectively. On recovery from a large applied bending, the fractional electrical resistance decreased slowly with unloading because of the increase of contacts between the fibers that resulted from the reorganization of ruptured CFs during the recovery. Even the composites incorporating a relatively small CF content showed an irreversible electrical resistance with both tension and bending. However, the strain sensitivity being larger with tension than with bending is ascribed to the difference in their mechanical behaviors. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2447–2453, 2002