钴掺杂对氧化镍薄膜电致变色性能的影响

采用恒电位法在FTO玻璃上沉积Co与Ni摩尔比为0.16:1的薄膜,用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪分析了膜的成分、结构和形貌,用紫外-可见分光光度计表征了膜的透光性能,用循环伏安法表征了膜的电化学稳定性和可逆性,用双电位阶跃法表征了膜的开关响应时间,研究了钴掺杂对氧化镍薄膜电致变色性能的影响。结果表明,钴掺杂使NiO薄膜颗粒更加细小和均匀,提高了薄膜在可见光波段着色态与消色态之间的透光率差值,降低了电致变色反应的工作电压,有利于薄膜在电致变色过程的可逆性,缩短了着色响应时间。     

Mechanism of the reversibility of asphaltene precipitation in crude oil

Asphaltene precipitation and deposition occur in petroleum reservoirs as a change in pressure, temperature and liquid phase composition and reduce the oil recovery considerably. In addition to these, asphaltene precipitates may deposit in the pore spaces of reservoir rock and form plugging, which is referred to as a type of formation damage, i.e. permeability reduction. In all cases above, it is of great importance to know under which conditions the asphaltenes precipitate and to what extent precipitated asphaltenes can be re-dissolved. In other words, to what extent the process of asphaltene precipitation is reversible with respect to change in thermodynamic conditions. In present work, a series of experiments was designed and carried out to quantitatively distinguish the reversibility of asphaltene precipitation upon the change in pressure, temperature and liquid composition. Experiments were conducted in non-porous media. Generally it was observed that the asphaltene precipitation is a partial reversible process for oil under study upon temperature change with hysteresis. However, the precipitation of asphaltene as a function of mixture composition and pressure is nearly reversible with a little hysteresis.     

Adsorption, desorption and isotopic exchange of cadmium on illite: evidence for complete reversibility

Adsorption, desorption and isotopic exchange of Cd on illite clay have been studied at low Cd concentrations and low ionic strength. The results indicate that under the conditions of the experiments Cd sorption on illite is completely reversible. Long equilibration times (7–8 weeks) were shown to be essential because of slow desorption kinetics.     

Temperature Affects Astringency Removal and Recurrence in Persimmon

Astringency was removed from‘Triumph’persimmons by immersion in water at 40°C for 5 hr or 60°C, for 1 hr. Similar treatments at 20° and 80°C, had no effect on astringency reduction. Subsequent application of 80% CO₂ for 48 hr was effective for 20°C-treated fruit but not for 80° C-treated fruit, which became nonastringent only after exposure to acetaldehyde. Extending the 60°C treatment beyond 2 hr resulted in recurrence of astringency, which was not reduced by subsequent CO₂ treatment. Astringency also recurred in CO₂-treated non-astringent fruit, when exposed to high temperatures. The disappearance and recurrence of astringency correlated with amount of methanol-soluble tannins.     

Assessing Time‐Reversibility Under Minimal Assumptions

Abstract. This article considers a simple procedure for assessing whether a weakly dependent univariate stochastic process is time‐reversible. Our approach is based on a simple index of the deviation from zero of the median of the one‐dimensional marginal law of differenced data. An attractive feature of the method is that it requires no moment assumptions. Instead of relying on Gaussian asymptotic approximations, we consider using subsampling and resampling methods to construct confidence intervals for the time‐reversibility parameter, and show that such inference procedures are asymptotically valid under a mild mixing condition. The small‐sample properties of the proposed procedures are examined by means of Monte Carlo experiments and an application to real‐world data is also presented.     

A New Potent and Selective Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor with Extended Conjugation in a Chalcone Framework: 1-[4-(Morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one

The general blueprint for the design of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors has been based on two phenyl or heteronuclei linked via a spacer of appropriate length. In this study, 1-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one (MO10) was prepared by the condensation of 4′-morpholinoacetophenone and cinnamaldehyde in basic alcoholic medium. MO10 was assessed for inhibitory activity against two human MAO isoforms, MAO-A and MAO-B. Interestingly, MO10 showed a remarkable inhibition against MAO-B with an IC₅₀ value of 0.044 μM along with a selectivity index of 366.13. The IC₅₀ value was better than that of lazabemide (IC₅₀ value of 0.063 μM), which was used as a reference. Kinetics studies revealed that MO10 acted as a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B, with a K_i value of 0.0080 μM. The observation of recovery of MAO-B inhibition, compared to reference levels showed MO10 to be a reversible inhibitor. MTT assays showed that MO10 was nontoxic to normal VERO cells with an IC₅₀ value of 195.44 μg/mL. SwissADME predicted that MO10 provided advantageous pharmacokinetics profiles for developing agents acting on the central nervous system, that is, high passive human gastrointestinal absorption and blood–brain barrier permeability. Molecular docking simulations showed that MO10 properly entered the aromatic cage formed by Y435, Y398, and FAD of the active site of MAO-B. On the basis of these results, MO10 can be considered a promising starting compound in development of agents for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders.     

Microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of Ti–V–Cr based BCC-type high entropy alloys

In this work, the crystal structure and hydrogen storage properties of V₃₅Ti₃₀Cr₂₅Fe₁₀, V₃₅Ti₃₀Cr₂₅Mn₁₀, V₃₀Ti₃₀Cr₂₅Fe₁₀Nb₅ and V₃₅Ti₃₀Cr₂₅Fe₅Mn₅ BCC-type high entropy alloys have been investigated. It was found that high entropy promotes the formation of BCC phase while large atomic difference (δ) has the opposite effect. Among the four alloys, the V₃₅Ti₃₀Cr₂₅Mn₁₀ alloy shows the highest hydrogen absorption capacity while the V₃₅Ti₃₀Cr₂₆Fe₅Mn₅ alloy exhibits the highest reversible capacity. The cause of the loss of desorption capacity is mainly due to the high stability of the hydrides. The higher room-temperature desorption capacity of the V₃₅Ti₃₀Cr₂₅Fe₅Mn₅ alloy is due to higher hydrogen desorption pressure. After pumping at 400 °C, the hydrides can return to the original BCC structure with only a small expansion in the cell volume.     

超磁致驱动器迟滞系统逆模补偿控制

设计了超磁致驱动器和实验系统。针对超磁致伸缩执行器的磁滞非线性问题，对迟滞系统进行了可逆性分析后，采用BP神经网络对超磁致驱动器的迟滞特性建立了逆模型。分别进行了有逆模前馈的开环控制、传统PID控制和PID加逆模前馈的闭环控制来补偿迟滞特性。实验结果表明，逆模前馈补偿器有效地减小了系统的非线性误差，提高了执行器的控制精度。     

Spatiotemporally Tracking the Programmable Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Evolutions by a Robust Molecular Rotor

Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) represents an essential parameter of cellular activities, and even a minute MMP variation could significantly affect the biological functions of living organisms. Thus, convenient and accurate MMP detection is highly desirable since conventional MMP probes are always constrained by photobleaching, inconvenience, and irreversibility. Herein, a spatial‐dependent fluorescent molecular rotor Mito‐Cy is introduced for efficiently tracking the varied MMP status through its restricted intramolecular rotation in mitochondria and nucleus compartments. Based on a systematic investigation, the specifically lit up fluorescent Mito‐Cy enables us to explore different MMP situations by determining their varied distributions. Accordingly, Mito‐Cy concentrates in mitochondria under normal MMP status. Yet Mito‐Cy starts to migrate gradually from mitochondria to the nucleus in decreasing MMP status, as represented by the increasing distribution levels of fluorescent Mito‐Cy in the nucleus. Mito‐Cy exclusively accumulates in the nucleus at ultimate vanishing MMP status. The facile operation of Mito‐Cy, together with its high photostability and sensitivity, facilitates the monitoring of the reversible and programmable MMP evolutions in living cells. The Mito‐Cy‐involved logic control over MMP, e.g., AND and OR gates, indicates that the robust and versatile Mito‐Cy holds great potential for illuminating mitochondrial viscosity‐related bioprocesses.     

Independent Blue and Red Light Triggered Narcissistic Self‐Sorting Self‐Assembly of Colloidal Particles

The ability of living systems to self‐sort different cells into separate assemblies and the ability to independently regulate different structures are one ingredient that gives rise to their spatiotemporal complexity. Here, this self‐sorting behavior is replicated in a synthetic system with two types of colloidal particles; where each particle type independently self‐assembles either under blue or red light into distinct clusters, known as narcissistic self‐sorting. For this purpose, each particle type is functionalized either with the light‐switchable protein VVDHigh or Cph1, which homodimerize under blue and red light, respectively. The response to different wavelengths of light and the high specificity of the protein interactions allows for the independent self‐assembly of each particle type with blue or red light and narcissistic self‐sorting. Moreover, as both of the photoswitchable protein interactions are reversible in the dark; also, the self‐sorting is reversible and dynamic. Overall, the independent blue and red light controlled self‐sorting in a synthetic system opens new possibilities to assemble adaptable, smart, and advanced materials similar to the complexity observed in tissues.