钢丝的镀锌层厚度与防腐性能

镀锌钢丝耐腐蚀性能与锌层的厚度、结构状况密切相关。借助金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对几种不同工艺生产的镀锌钢丝盐雾寿命实验结果进行了分析。 14 4h的盐雾实验结果表明 :锌层厚度为 6 2 .70 μm时的合金层厚度为 17.73μm ,锌层厚度为 4 7.71μm时合金层厚度增加到 37.32 μm ,而黄锈斑的量却由 2 %增加到 12 %。镀锌钢丝的耐蚀能力随镀层厚度增加而增加 ,随合金层厚度的增加而降低。     

鱼面的高温高湿干燥工艺研究

对鱼面的高温高湿干燥工艺进行研究,结果表明,高温高湿干燥可以提高鱼面的干燥速度,改善鱼面的品质。鱼面适宜的干燥条件为:前期干燥温度80℃、相对湿度60%、干燥时间30min,随后转入降温降湿干燥阶段,干燥时间约40min,产品最终含水量10.7%。     

风味洋葱片的研制

以红皮洋葱为主要原料,通过对洋葱片加工过程中的护色、去辛辣味等工艺处理,对不同风味的洋葱片进行调香配方研究。结果表明,将洋葱在5%Nacl 溶液中护色20min、煮制2min。最佳配方:鲜味葱片味精0.6%,五香粉0.3%,白砂糖0.3%;辣味葱片:味精0.3%,辣椒粉0.3%,白砂糖0.3%;烧烤味葱片:味精0.3%,烧烤香粉0.6%,白砂糖0.3%的,调香后于85℃下热风干燥2.5小时,洋葱片的风味最佳。研制出的风味洋葱片色泽淡粉红、口感酥脆、营养丰富。     

生姜干制技术研究进展

生姜干制是生姜加工的重要加工方式之一,以生姜干制品姜辣素含量、成品颜色及复水性等因素为指标,综合考虑不同干燥工艺的成品品质、干燥时间、能耗及成本,对比不同干制工艺优缺点并进行综述,以期为生姜干制技术的发展与工艺研究提供参考。     

造纸机热泵干燥技术的研究

本文提出了用于造纸机纸页干燥的新型热泵供热系统，并用典型的研究实例，说明用蒸汽喷射式热泵供热系统替代目前普遍采用的二段或三段常规通汽系统，使蒸汽的热能、有效能都能得到充分的利用，并使纸机烘缸中的蒸汽冷凝水排出通畅，达到节约能源、保护环境和纸机安全可靠运行的目的。     

益生菌发酵枣粉喷雾干燥条件的优化

以植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）、凝结芽孢杆菌（Bacillus coagulans）混菌对大枣进行液态发酵,通过单因素试验研究喷雾干燥进口温度、雾化流量、蠕动泵转速和脱脂乳粉添加量对益生菌发酵枣粉出粉率、感官评定、含水量、堆积密度及活菌数的影响,确定喷雾干燥进口温度、雾化流量、蠕动泵转速和脱脂乳粉添加量4个因素为自变量,感官评分为响应值进行响应面优化。结果表明,喷雾干燥制备益生菌发酵枣粉的最优参数为喷雾干燥进口温度150 ℃,雾化流量473 L/h,蠕动泵速20%,脂乳粉添加量2.5%。在此优化条件下,益生菌发酵枣粉出粉率为39.15%、感官评分为95.6分、含水量3.82%、堆积密度为0.251 g/mL、活菌数为1.78×109 CFU/g。     

Dehydration kinetics of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L var Jaranda)

Shredded and whole red pepper samples were dehydrated in a laboratory drier with a through‐flow air velocity of 0.5 m s^?1 at 50, 55, 60 and 70 °C. Shredded peppers dried faster than whole peppers. The drying behaviour of whole samples was characterised by a constant‐ and a falling‐rate drying period, whilst that of shredded samples was characterised by a falling‐rate drying period only. The mass transfer coefficient for whole samples during the constant‐rate period was computed experimentally. The effect of temperature on the mass transfer coefficient was described by the Arrhenius model. The activation energy was 58 kJ mol^?1. In the falling‐rate period the mass transfer was described by a diffusional model, and the effective diffusion coefficient at each temperature was determined. Diffusion coefficients were estimated to lie between 4.38 × 10^?11 and 10.99 × 10^?11 m² s^?1 for whole peppers and between 37.23 × 10^?11 and 99.61 × 10^?11 m² s^?1 for shredded peppers. The effect of temperature on the effective diffusion coefficient was described by the Arrhenius equation, with an activation energy of 44 kJ mol^?1 for whole peppers and 56 kJ mol^?1 for shredded peppers. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于HS-GC-IMS法研究干燥方式对黑毛茶挥发性风味物质的影响

采用顶空-气相色谱-离子迁移谱（headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry,HS-GC-IMS）技术对经烘干干燥和晒干干燥2种干燥方式处理的黑毛茶进行挥发性风味物质分析。结果表明,这2种干燥方式获得的黑毛茶中共鉴定出挥发性风味物质65种,其中醛类23种、酯类13种、醇类11种、酮类10种、杂氧化合物3种、碳氢化合物2种、吡嗪类2种、酸类1种。HS-GC-IMS指纹图谱直观地显示出烘干和晒干黑毛茶样品的挥发性风味物质差异。相似度和主成分分析显示每组样品都有其特异性风味物质,晒干黑毛茶会释放出更多特征挥发性物质,且两种干燥方式黑毛茶间相似度较低,不同干燥方式的黑毛茶能够明显区分。该研究为黑毛茶的加工及风味品质调控提供理论依据。     

Preservation of biological materials under desiccation

A number of life forms, including seeds, certain nematodes, bacterial and fungal spores, and cysts of certain crustaceans, show an ability to survive desiccation. The present article reviews the literature available on this subject and critically evaluates the evidence for various mechanisms that may be responsible for these phenomena. Specific mechanisms considered include vitrification (glass formation) by sugars and other polyhydroxy compounds that are accumulated by the desiccated structures, specific effects of polyhydroxy compounds on membranes, effect of “compatible solutes” on conformation of key proteins, as well as other biochemical mechanisms.

The article presents potential applications relevant to food technology and to biotechnology and reviews the research required to materialize more effective use of desiccation in food and biopreservation.     

冻干酸奶粉的速溶性及发酵性研究

本文采用冻干法生产酸奶粉,对其速溶性和发酵性等进行了研究,结果发现:冻干酸奶粉具有良好的速溶性,其静置时的润湿下沉时间为76s,最适冲调条件为4～5倍45℃的温水。冻干酸奶粉的活菌数和菌活力分别为7.53×10~8cfu/g和85℉,将冻干酸奶粉作为发酵剂生产酸奶时,3.5hr即凝固且所得酸奶品质良好。