酵母菌的致孔作用对PVA/CMC水凝胶性能的影响

利用酵母菌发泡制备了聚乙烯醇/羧甲基纤维素多孔水凝胶(D-PC)，采用FTIR对其化学结构进行了表征和Zeta电位分析共同证明了酵母菌和材料之间的相互作用；利用SEM和BET分别对其三维网络结构进行了观察以及比表面积、孔径进行了测定；研究了D-PC在不同条件下对亚甲基蓝(MB)的去除，通过纤维素降解酶实验测试了D-PC的降解性。研究结果表明：酵母菌通过静电作用包覆在D-PC内；随着酵母菌量的增加，D-PC的比表面积增大、平均孔径减小；D-PC对MB的去除机制以化学吸附为主，且吸附动力学符合伪二级动力学方程；去除效率随着酵母菌的增加而增大，随着pH、温度的增加先增大后减小；一定条件下D-PC能降解水凝胶中的聚乙烯醇。     

镀液温度实时控制系统的设计与实现

针对镀液温度变化的非线性和滞后性,设计了采用专家规则的镀液温度实时控制系统。该系统在实时监测的基础上,构建了综合评判镀液温度偏差和镀液温度偏差变化率的专家规则,实现了镀液温度的自适应快速调节。仿真分析结果表明,该系统克服了非线性和滞后性的不良影响,能够实现镀液温度的实时控制。     

Design and thermodynamic assessment of a biomass gasification plant integrated with Brayton cycle and solid oxide steam electrolyzer for compressed hydrogen production

In this paper, a comprehensive thermodynamic evaluation of an integrated plant with biomass is investigated, according to thermodynamic laws. The modeled multi-generation plant works with biogas produced from demolition wood biomass. The plant mainly consists of a biomass gasifier cycle, clean water production system, hydrogen production, hydrogen compression, gas turbine sub-plant, and Rankine cycle. The useful outputs of this plant are hydrogen, electricity, heating and clean water. The hydrogen generation is obtained from high-temperature steam electrolyzer sub-plant. Moreover, the membrane distillation unit is used for freshwater production, and also, the hydrogen compression unit with two compressors is used for compressed hydrogen storage. On the other hand, energy and exergy analyses, as well as irreversibilities, are examined according to various factors for examining the efficiency of the examined integrated plant and sub-plants. The results demonstrate that the total energy and exergy efficiencies of the designed plant are determined as 52.84% and 46.59%. Furthermore, the whole irreversibility rate of the designed cycle is to be 37,743 kW, and the highest irreversibility rate is determined in the biomass gasification unit with 12,685 kW.     

地勘单位转制后税务风险识别与控制

结合“减税降费”的政策背景,以陕西省某转制地勘单位为例,引入风险控制相关理论并应用层次分析法,构建了税务风险评估指标体系,对转制地勘单位面临的税务风险进行了识别、分析、评估。研究结果表明:针对不同的税收类型,应着重关注不同方面的风险,排序前6位的风险依次为企业所得税扣除类风险、增值税决策环节风险、增值税销售环节风险、房产税计税依据风险、企业所得税税收优惠类风险、增值税采购环节风险;并对上述风险的控制机制进行了分析,从企业管控、政策优化两方面分别提出了相关对策和建议。     

鱼肉辣椒酱开发研究

辣椒酱是人们生活中的重要调味品。草鱼肉质鲜美、营养丰富。鱼肉辣椒酱是以干辣椒、淡水鱼为主要原料制作而成。以干辣椒的添加量为25%,鱼丸的添加量为18%,鱼丸是以88%的草鱼肉糜加入玉米淀粉5%、盐3%、猪油4%制作而成。成品主料分明,色泽鲜艳,口感俱佳,是一款营养价值高的辣椒酱。     

Double layers glaze analysis of the Fujian export blue-and-white porcelain from the Witte Leeuw shipwreck (1613)

Witte Leeuw was a cargo ship owned and operated by the Dutch East Indian Company. The wreck of this vessel is known for yielding a comprehensive range of Jingdezhen manufactured, blue-and-white export porcelains, particularly kraak wares; together with Fujian blue-and-white export porcelains, known as Swatow wares. A large number of ceramic fragments have been recovered from this wreck and currently reside in collections at the Rijksmuseum. For this study nine ceramic specimens were selected for further investigation, with the aim of determining the structure, composition and manufacturing process of the double-layer glazes. Both digital optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the glaze morphology and microstructure; whilst energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy was utilised to measure the spatial distribution of chemical elements and to determine bulk elemental compositions. Raman spectroscopy was also trialled, with the technique being applied to the measurement of molecular vibrations within the silicon-oxygen network and associated alkali metal oxides, with the aim of identifying potential differences in the glaze layers. Examining the ceramic specimens, the blue decorations were applied between two layers of glaze, and the majority of the blue colour extends into the outermost layer, often exhibiting dissolution in the outer layer glaze. The two layers of the glaze appear to be formulated from different compositional recipes. Some export Swatow blue-and-white wares made in the Wanli Period (1573–1620) were glazed twice and fired twice.     

Structure,dielectric properties of novel Ba(Zr,Ti)O3 based ceramics for energy storage application

(1-x) Ba(Zr_0.2Ti_0.8)O₃-x Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ (x = 0, 10, 20 30, 40, 50 mol%) (BZTN) ceramics are prepared by the traditional solid phase method. All BZTN ceramics exhibit a pseudo-cubic BZT based perovskite structure. Both the average grain size and the relaxor ferroelectricity of BZTN ceramics gradually increase with increasing NBT content. The W_rec of 3.22 J/cm³ and η of 91.2% is obtained for the BZTN40 ceramic at 241 kV/cm. BZTN40 ceramic also exhibits good temperature stability from room temperature to 150 °C and frequency stability from 1 Hz to 100 Hz. A P_D of 0.621 J/cm³ and a t_0.9 of 82 ns is obtained for the BZTN40 ceramic at 120 kV/cm. BZTN ceramics show application potential in energy storage and pulse power capacitors.     

Fabrication of platinum thin films for ultra-high electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

While the noble metals (e.g., platinum, (Pt)) remain the benchmark electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), their mass production require a reduced metal loading and faster fabrication protocols. The aim of the present work is to prepare Pt thin films by simple and fast fabrication technique, and to evaluate their performance for HER. The thin films of Pt are grown on two substrates, namely titanium foil (Ti) and nickel foam (NF), using a single step aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) method. The film deposition time are varied from 20 to 60 min. Microscopic analyses suggest a gradual evolution of the films into percolated and/or porous nanostructures, a feature that remains highly desired to allow the maximum access of active sites. The performance of the as-prepared electrodes is evaluated by monitoring the HER in acidic electrolyte. The Pt film on nickel foam (Pt/NF) exhibits better electrical conductivity and smaller charge transfer resistance, while the film deposited on the Ti foil (Pt/Ti) demonstrates superior catalytic activity per active sites. The as-prepared Pt/Ti and Pt/NF electrodes produce 10 mA cm⁻² at overpotential of 28 mV and 26 mV, respectively, better in performance than commercial Pt/C electrode (~39 mV), set a new bench mark electrocatalyst for the HER.     

Cd-substituted Mg composites with dual-equivalent permeability and permittivity for high-frequency miniaturization antennas

Spinel Mg ferrites Mg_1-xCd_xCo_0.05Fe_1.95O₄ (x=0.0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) as potential agents for the miniaturization of high frequency antennas are presented. All the synthesized compositions were experimentally revealed to possess pure spinel phase. Dual-equivalent permeability and permittivity (μ'≈26, ε'≈25, x=0.3 and μ'≈29, ε'≈28, x=0.4) from 5 to 100 MHz can be achieved by introducing Cd²⁺ ions, yielding large miniaturization factors of up to 25 and 28. To figure out the effects of Cd²⁺ ions substitution on magnetic and dielectric properties, the change in microstructure is mainly investigated. Meanwhile, enhanced magnetic properties including upward saturation magnetization (Ms) (approximately 47.60 emu/g) and reduced coercivity (approximately 54.22 Oe) are obtained due to increased grain size and denser microstructure arrangements reflected from scanning electron microscopy images. With low magnitude order of magnetic and dielectric losses factors (tanδ_ε reaches 10^-4, tanδ_μ reaches 10^-2), the composites can potentially exhibit high operating efficiencies at high frequencies.     

轻质碳酸钙加填量对PCCP/LCP-1复合材料气体吸附性能的影响

利用原位生长法制备了轻质碳酸钙(PCC)加填的植物纤维纸基(PCCP)/金属有机骨架化合物(MOFs,即Zn2(BTC)4,标记为LCP-1)复合材料(PCCP/LCP-1),探讨了PCC加填量对复合材料气体吸附性能的影响;采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析仪(TGA)和氮气吸附法(BET)研究了LCP-1与植物纤维的键合方式以及复合材料的表面形貌、比表面积、热稳定性和吸附行为。结果表明,LCP-1与植物纤维之间以酯键结合,PCC加填量的增加可使纸张纤维网络体系暴露出更多的游离羟基,有利于提高LCP-1在PCCP表面的沉积率。此外,PCC的位阻效应降低了LCP-1在PCCP表面的生长空间,导致LCP-1尺寸变小。BET实验表明,与未添加PCC的复合材料相比,添加PCC可显著提高复合材料的吸附性能,且随着PCC加填量的增加,复合材料的氮气吸附量也逐渐提高。