星点设计-效应面优化乳化交联法制备恩诺沙星壳聚糖微球

以平均粒径、载药量、包封率及总评归一值为评价指标,运用星点设计考察芯材比、油水相比、壳聚糖浓度对微球制备的影响,对结果进行二项式拟合,效应面法选取最佳工艺条件并进行预测分析。结果显示,最佳工艺条件为：油水相比为4.2∶1,壳聚糖浓度为2%,交联时间为3.5 h。在此条件下,制得的微球粒径均一,球形圆整,平均粒径为7.21μm,包封率为61.34%,载药量为70.12%。体外释放行为符合Higuchi方程,2 h和24 h时累积释放率分别为32%和84%。     

高速剪切乳化法制备硅油乳液

以二甲基硅油(1 000 mPa·s)为主要原料,非离子型表面活性剂NP-4和吐温-80复配为乳化剂,天然高分子明胶为稳定剂,采用高速剪切乳化法制备了水包油型(O/W)硅油乳液。考察了乳化剂HLB值及用量、硅油含量、稳定剂用量、乳化温度、剪切速度、剪切时间等制备条件对硅油乳液性能的影响。确定了最佳工艺条件为:在乳液体系中w(硅油)=35%,w(乳化剂)=10.5%,w(稳定剂)=0.3%;乳化温度35℃,剪切速度11 000r/min,剪切时间10 min。在上述工艺条件下,所制得的硅油乳液外观呈白色、细腻、均一的液体,具有良好的分散性和稳定性,乳液平均粒径为1.2μm左右,乳液固体质量分数为46%左右。     

驱油用聚表剂乳化性能评价方法

目前,对于聚表剂多采用瓶试法来表征其乳化性能,本研究讨论了聚表剂水溶液原油乳液的制备方法,在瓶试法研究的基础上,通过油砂吸附前后粘度及析水率评价,乳液稳定性评价,乳液微观结构观测等方法评价了驱油用聚表剂的乳化性能,丰富了聚表剂乳化性能表征手段。     

MAH-g-PP乳液的制备方法研究进展

MAH-g-PP由于其高分子量、高熔融黏度、高结晶性、低熔融流动指数(MFI)、高疏水性以及相对较低的极性而很难被乳化。本文介绍了MAH-g-PP乳液制备方法的发展过程,讨论了溶液乳化法和熔融乳化法对乳液性能的影响,总结了MAH-g-PP乳化难易程度的影响因素。     

The optimum synergistic effect of amphiphilic polymers and the stabilization mechanism of a crude oil emulsion

The amphiphilic polymers (APs) possess both thickening and emulsifying properties that were optimized by the combination of different APs. The properties and synergistic mechanisms of the combination system, consisting of HAP-L and HAP-S, were studied and optimized according to their proportion at various concentrations, temperatures, salinities, and shear rates. Furthermore, various methods were applied to study the emulsification properties of the combination system. The results show that the viscosity, salt resistance, temperature resistance, and shear resistance of the combination system are greatly improved. It is noteworthy that the combined system displays the optimized properties when the mass ratio of HAP-S and HAP-L is 3:2. Under that circumstance, the emulsions also turn to be more stable and display more uniform particle distribution. After combination, more hydrophobic groups participate in the intermolecular association, and the structure of the network is enhanced. Therefore, a combination of various APs can be used as an effective approach to improve the viscosity and emulsification capability of APs for oil recovery.     

溴化丁基橡胶乳化工艺技术研究

采用乳化工艺制备了溴化丁基橡胶（BIIR）胶乳,研究了乳化剂种类、BIIR正己烷溶液浓度、乳化时间、乳化转速、胶乳体系pH值及蒸馏方式对BIIR胶乳的影响。结果表明,乳化BIIR的最佳条件为:BIIR正己烷溶液中BIIR质量分数为15.00%,体系pH值调节至11～12,高速剪切乳化时间为30 min,高剪转速为5 500～6 000 r/min,采用负压（压力为-0.04 MPa）旋转蒸馏,所得BIIR胶乳的蒸馏破乳率较低,且总固物质量分数可以达到45.00%以上;使用质量分数为20%的氯化钙溶液破乳成膜效果最佳。     

Development of α-Tocopherol Acetate Nanoparticles: Influence of Preparative Processes

We studied different methods of preparing α-tocopherol acetate (ATA) nanoparticles, which are to be used in targeting the lungs as aerosols in order to prevent cigarette smoke toxicity. Poly-(lactide) nanoparticles were prepared using nanoprecipitation and solvent evaporation techniques, which produced, respectively, too small and too large nanoparticles to be aerosolized. The emulsification-diffusion method produced 2 months stable nanoparticles with a size between (500–700 nm). Increasing ATA concentration (1–7 mg/mL) induced a decrease in the association rate (97–93%) and in the adsorbed ATA rate (7–4.5%), which was associated with variations of Zeta potentials (?27.5 to ?24.3 mV) and decrease in polymeric wall thickness and density.     

Development of flurbiprofen-loaded nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution using sucrose

Objective: A novel flurbiprofen-loaded nanoemulsion which gave uniform emulsion droplets with a narrow size distribution was previously reported to be prepared using membrane emulsification method. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel flurbiprofen-loaded nanoparticle with a narrow size distribution and improved bioavailability.

Method: The nanoparticle was prepared by solidifying nanoemulsion using sucrose as a carrier via spray drying method. Its physicochemical properties were investigated using SEM, DSC and PXRD. Furthermore, dissolution and bioavailability in rats were evaluated compared to a flurbiprofen-loaded commercial product.

Results: The flurbiprofen-loaded nanoparticles with flurbiprofen/sucrose/surfactant mixture (1/20/2, weight ratio) gave good solidification and no stickiness. They associated with about 70?000-fold improved drug solubility and had a mean size of about 300 nm with a narrow size distribution. Flurbiprofen was present in a changed amorphous state in these nanoparticles. Moreover, the nanoparticles gave significantly shorter T_max, and higher AUC and C_max of the drug compared to the commercial product (p?0.05). In particular, they showed about nine-fold higher AUC of the drug than did the commercial product

Conclusion: These flurbiprofen-loaded nanoparticles prepared with sucrose by the membrane emulsification and spray drying method would be a potential candidate for orally delivering poorly water-soluble flurbiprofen with enhanced bioavailability.     

Precision emulsification for droplet and capsule production

Emulsions and microcapsules are typical structures in various dispersion formulations for pharmaceutical, food, personal and house care applications. Precise control over size and size distribution of emulsion droplets and microcapsules are important for effective use and delivery of active components and better product quality. Many emulsification technologies have been developed to meet different formulation and processing requirements. Among them, membrane and microfluidic emulsification as emerging technologies have the feature of being able to precisely manufacture droplets in a drop-by-drop manner to give subscribed sizes and size distributions with lower energy consumption. This paper reviews fundamental sciences and engineering aspects of emulsification, membrane and microfluidic emulsification technologies and their use for precision manufacture of emulsions for intensified processing. Generic application examples are given for single and double emulsions and microcapsules with different structure features.     

D相乳化法制备油墨清洗剂

本文主要介绍了用D相乳化法制备一种特效油墨清洗剂，并对清洗剂性能进行了探讨，这种清洗剂主要成分由烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、环保油溶剂、十二烷基苯磺酸钠以及水等组成。清洗剂为中性，主要用于清洗印刷操作工手上所沾油墨。这种清洗剂对人体皮肤无伤害，去油墨效果非常显著，且无毒无污染，价格低廉，制作简单，使用方便。