河南油田聚表剂性能评价

针对河南油田Ⅲ类及以上油藏提高原油采收率的需要,通过对聚表剂基本质量性能、长期热氧稳定性、耐温抗盐性能、乳化携油能力、岩心驱油效率等进行系统评价,优选出聚表剂JBL-1。当JBL-1质量浓度为2 000 mg/L、段塞量为0.5 PV时,能提高采收率16.49%。     

劣质渣油高效转化工程解决方案

针对加工重质和劣质原油带来的焦化装置高硫焦出厂不合格问题,开发了劣质渣油高效转化工程解决方案,集成了多项催化裂化新技术,包括沉降器防结焦技术、原料油新型乳化雾化技术、10 MPa等级蒸汽发生技术、LCO和HCO组分分离及加工技术、吸收稳定综合节能技术和烟气净化组合技术等,可对炼油厂劣质渣油进行高效催化裂化,部分替代延迟焦化装置,解决低附加值高硫石油焦出路问题,并提高液体产品收率、降低装置和全厂能耗,环境友好,有助于国内催化裂化工艺突破原料加工瓶颈,提升炼油厂经济效益。     

连续相黏度对膜乳化结果的影响

Oil-in-water(o/w) emulsions were produced with a membrane emulsification system. The effect of the continuous phase viscosity on the emulsification was studied. The theoretical analyses show that the continuous phase viscosity influences not only the flow field of the continuous phase but also the interfacial tension. The droplet size distribution and disperse phase flux for different continuous phase viscosity were investigated experimentally at constant wall shear stress and constant volume flow rate of the continuous phase respectively.     

Spontaneous emulsification aspect of enhanced oil recovery

Recent studies have suggested the possibility of spontaneous emulsification as a mechanism for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The discussions have, however, remained essentially qualitative. A study was therefore undertaken to estimate quantitatively the contribution of spontaneous emulsification as an EOR mechanism. The tests were conducted on several bulk liquid/liquid systems as well as by displacement experiments in unconsolidated synthetic sand packs. Spontaneous emulsification was found to be a mechanism for EOR: the estimated extra contribution to EOR due to this mechanism was found to be significant in laboratory scale displacement experiments. Tertiary recovery was always greater when spontaneous emulsification was evident than otherwise. Results of tests on bulk liquid/liquid systems indicate that the occurrence or absence of spontaneous emulsification can be correlated with the values of ‘partition parameter’. It may be concluded that higher oil recoveries may be achieved in chemical EOR processes where interface mass transfer (and the accompanying spontaneous emulsification) occurs. The evaluation of efficiency of residual oil mobilisation through the capillary number theory (with and without spontaneous emulsification) is also discussed. Displacement tests with spontaneously emulsifying systems showed that residual oil left behind a conventional waterflood was mobilised in a range of capillary numbers much less than that which applies to low-tension waterfloods.     

乳化酸配方室内研究

针对乳化酸的特性及应用性质，选择适当的乳化剂、稳定剂，调节不同的油／酸比，并通过对乳化酸的破乳率、溶蚀率、缓蚀性、残酸再乳化性的研究，研制出一种稳定性好、酸化后残酸破乳率高，并且不具备再乳化性，具有一定缓速效果的新型乳化酸体系。     

常见表面活性剂乳化合成二苯硫脲的研究

研究了分别在 DBS、OP 1 0、CTAB乳化下常压合成二苯硫脲的工艺 ,该工艺能使产率从无乳化剂的4 8.6 %提高到 85%～ 91 % ,方成     

井下乳化/水热催化裂解复合降黏开采稠油技术研究

实验考察了胜利孤东稠油井下催化水热裂解和乳化/催化水热裂解降黏效果。所用催化剂为水溶性铁镍钒体系,Fe3+∶Ni2+∶VO4+=5∶1∶1,100 g稠油与30 g 0.5%催化剂水溶液在240℃反应24小时。原始黏度(50℃)11.0和8.36 Pa.s的两种稠油裂解并静置除水后,黏度降低76.2%和75.6%,室温放置60天后降黏率下降小于3个百分点,气相色谱显示裂解后轻组分明显增加,红外光谱显示稠油组分发生脱羧反应且芳环数减少。讨论了稠油催化水热裂解反应机理。所用化学助剂JN-A在油水中均可溶,耐温达250℃,耐矿化度达50 g/L,其水溶液以30∶100的质量比与稠油混合时形成低黏度的O/W乳状液。当水相含1.0%JN-A和0.5%催化剂时,两种稠油水热裂解后的反应混合物为O/W乳状液,黏度仅为319和309 mPa.s,静置除水后的稠油降黏率增加到86.5%和87.3%,其中的轻组分含量进一步增加。该井下乳化/催化水热裂解复合降黏法成功地用于孤东两口蒸汽吞吐井,稠油井作业后初期采出的原油黏度由~9 Pa.s降低到1 Pa.s左右,随采油时间延长而逐渐升高,约50天后超过4Pa.s。图2表6参5。     

弱碱三元复合驱与强碱三元复合驱的对比

三元复合驱即将成为大庆油田的主导开发技术,为了推荐出合适的三元复合驱类型,对比研究了弱碱三元复合驱与强碱三元复合驱。研究表明,弱碱三元复合驱可以比水驱提高采收率20%以上,与强碱三元复合驱相当;弱碱三元复合驱与强碱三元复合驱乳化液粘度都超过100 mPa.s,两种类型三元复合乳化能力相差不多,甚至弱碱三元复合驱乳化能力还略强一些;在注采能力、采油速度方面,弱碱三元复合驱甚至高于强碱三元复合驱;特别是在结垢程度上,弱碱三元复合驱比强碱三元复合驱弱,对生产井的影响较小。因此,在三元复合驱推广应用时应当选用弱碱三元复合驱。     

Protective Effect of Microencapsulation Consisting of Multiple Emulsification and Heat Gelation Processes on Immunoglobulin in Yolk

ABSTRACT: Two different emulsification methods involving multiple emulsification and heat gelation were used for preparation of whey protein-based microcapsules containing immunoglobulin in yolk (IgY). The residual activity of IgY during the emulsion preparation and the effects of microencapsulation on IgY stability under harsh conditions were investigated. The residual activity of IgY in an emulsion prepared with a membrane emulsifier was higher than for an emulsion using a homogenizer. Microencapsulated IgY showed remarkable stability against both pepsin and acid. Both microencapsulated IgY and nonencapsulated IgY were relatively stable in bile and artificial intestinal juice. Microencapsulated IgY retained 74% of initial activity during heat treatment. There were no significant differences in the residual activities of microencapsulated IgY under storage temperatures of 4, 25, and 37°C.     

鲁奇加压气化焦油酚水分离技术改造

原工艺过程中产生的焦油酚水出现乳化现象.通过技改提高焦油酚水的酸度,使焦油酚水不再乳化,便于焦油分离和脱水.