A systematic review on the relationship between user involvement and system success

ContextFor more than four decades it has been intuitively accepted that user involvement (UI) during system development lifecycle leads to system success. However when the researchers have evaluated the user involvement and system success (UI-SS) relationship empirically, the results were not always positive.ObjectiveOur objective was to explore the UI-SS relationship by synthesizing the results of all the studies that have empirically investigated this complex phenomenon.MethodWe performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the steps provided in the guidelines of Evidence Based Software Engineering. From the resulting studies we extracted data to answer our 9 research questions related to the UI-SS relationship, identification of users, perspectives of UI, benefits, problems and challenges of UI, degree and level of UI, relevance of stages of software development lifecycle (SDLC) and the research method employed on the UI-SS relationship.ResultsOur systematic review resulted in selecting 87 empirical studies published during the period 1980–2012. Among 87 studies reviewed, 52 reported that UI positively contributes to system success, 12 suggested a negative contribution and 23 were uncertain. The UI-SS relationship is neither direct nor binary, and there are various confounding factors that play their role. The identification of users, their degree/level of involvement, stage of SDLC for UI, and choice of research method have been claimed to have impact on the UI-SS relationship. However, there is not sufficient empirical evidence available to support these claims.ConclusionOur results have revealed that UI does contribute positively to system success. But it is a double edged sword and if not managed carefully it may cause more problems than benefits. Based on the analysis of 87 studies, we were able to identify factors for effective management of UI alluding to the causes for inconsistency in the results of published literature.     

Political YouTube Channel Reputation (PYCR): Development and validation of a multidimensional scale

Although YouTube is driving change in the news and information environment and earning a reputation as an alternative media, there is a lack of research examining what determines people’s reputational judgments on YouTube’s political channels. Based on in-depth interviews with 32 experts and empirical findings from 380 adults, this research identified factors that impact YouTube users’ reputation perception of political channels and developed a scale. The results showed that the Political YouTube Channel Reputation (PYCR) scale comprises four distinctive dimensions: news credibility, political ideology, user-oriented communication, and quality management. The reliability and validity of the scale were assessed, using exploratory and confirmatory analyses and construct validity. The PYCR scale has a variety of potential applications for users, political influencers, and YouTube, and it can serve as a theoretical framework for future empirical research in this novel and emerging area.     

Factors Affecting the Study of Chemistry in Different Countries Around the World: Findings from an International Survey

Improving teaching and student learning in chemistry classrooms is an important goal that is constantly researched. Several comparative studies of science teaching have been carried out on different parameters, e. g. misconceptions which science teachers and students may have regarding the scientific concepts they learn and teach. Here we describe science teaching in general, and chemistry teaching in particular, in 12 countries including Israel. Different parameters are compared, including the hours that are devoted to science, the subjects included, the pedagogy, and teachers′ salaries. The survey covers all school levels: elementary school, secondary school and high school. At the high‐school level, the comparison focused on chemistry studies. In this study the variances variables, such as the hours that are allocated for science teaching, did not show an appreciable effect on students′ achievements. It was also found that, in countries where chemistry studies at the high‐school level are not mandatory, innovative pedagogies are more likely to replace the traditional chemistry teaching methods where chemistry is taught according to the structure of the subject based on basic concepts that underlie the curriculum. The study provided an additional support to the importance of the professional development of science and chemistry teachers and suggest that the autonomy that is given to them could influence the quality of science teaching and students′ achievements.     

山桐子产业在我国的开发利用情况

山桐子作为优良的木本油料树种,近年来受到越来越多的关注。论述了山桐子产业在我国的开发利用情况,主要包括山桐子国家扶持政策、良种选育、人工栽培、山桐子油食用安全性、山桐子油加工工艺及深加工应用情况,以期为山桐子产业的发展提供参考。     

空冷器用高压水清洗与雾化降温系统集成设计与开发

高压水清洗系统和喷淋降温系统分别是春季保持空冷器翅片表面清洁和夏季保证空冷器在高温下正常运行的2个重要辅助系统。针对喷淋系统的缺点研究了高压射流雾化技术,通过试验论证了高压水清洗与雾化降温系统集成的可行性和合理性。根据设计思路开发的集成系统已在山西某项目获得应用并取得了良好的使用效果,此高压水清洗与雾化降温集成系统中高压水发生装置及介质输送管路共用,产生的高压水射流雾化颗粒可达到60μm,夏季降温效果较传统喷淋降温效果大幅提升,水资源的利用率得到极大提高,系统性价比更高。     

5G网络在智能交通中的应用发展趋势分析

Along with the advent of 5G era, China's transportation industry for intelligent development enters into the fast lane. Based on the integration of communication technology, Internet of things technology, big data technology, cloud computing technology, ar- tificial intelligence technology and so on, the whole process and all-round intelligent control are carried out in traffic construction, traffic management, road transportation, traffic service and so on, so as to ensure smooth and safe travel and to provide good servic- es to road, railway, civil aviation, water transportation and other transportation networks. It is the important feature of intelligent transportation in the 5G era. This paper analyses the trend of application and development of 5G network in intelligent transporta- tion, which is the research basis of perfecting transportation service and the scientific basis of promoting the intelligent and modern development of transportation in China.     

适老化智能产品的设计与开发策略

研究适老化智能产品的设计与开发策略。以互联网 大数据时代为背景,通过比较分析国内外的适老化智能产品,发现企业未来的发展方向更加趋向于产品研发技术的软硬件融合。基于我国智能技术、适老化产品的市场现状和潜在的消费需求、开发价值,提出适老化智能产品的设计方法与开发策略。在互联网 大数据的渗透下,加速了我国传统制造业的转型升级,智能化与情感化将成为未来适老化产品开发的两大趋势。智能产品开发能够满足老年群体的基本物质需求与精神情感需求,解决空巢老年人的孤独感,因此其市场开发潜力较大。功能定制式与情感体验式的设计方法是针对老年人的生理特征而进行的产品开发方式,能够满足老年消费市场的多样化需求。     

航空装备保障智能化发展认识与探讨

自新一代人工智能技术迅猛发展以来，世界各国在智能领域动作频繁，军事化应用明显有加速之势，给装备保障带来了变革性发展的机遇。紧密围绕作战-装备-技术-保障之间的依托关系，从作战需求、装备特点、装备设计、诊断测试和技术驱动等五个角度梳理了装备保障发展的关键因素，给出了装备保障60余载发展历程的诸多原因和显著成果；通过对未来作战模式和未来作战平台保障需求的前瞻性判断，分析了未来作战需求和装备牵引装备保障转变的典型技术特征；并在装备保障领域人工智能技术的发展和应用现状总结分析的基础上，系统地提出了装备保障智能化发展的建设性意见和建议，为国内装备保障智能化发展探索了一个可能的技术方向。     

我国现状能源与水纽带关系定量识别

以省级行政区为研究对象,以2017年为研究时段,分析我国社会水循环过程耗能及电力生产耗水。结果显示:2017年我国社会水循环过程耗电总量为10 828.1亿kW·h,占当年我国全社会用电总量的17.2%,终端用水是最大的耗能环节;2017年我国电力生产过程耗水量为65.7亿m~3,占当年全社会耗水总量的2%;火电是我国最耗水的电源,其耗水量占全国电力开发耗水总量的78%。基于计算结果,提出了实现能源-水协同安全的相关建议。