Models to predict the deformation modulus and the coefficient of subgrade reaction for earth filling structures

Determination of deformation modulus and coefficient of subgrade reaction of soils have major importance, whether the projects are in design, and construction or compaction assessment stage of earth filling structures. Plate load test is one of the frequently used method to directly determine the parameters but the method is both costly and time consuming. For this reason, this paper is concerned with the applications of artificial neural networks (ANN) and simple-multiple regression analysis to predict deformation modulus and coefficient of subgrade reaction of compacted soils from compaction parameters (such as maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum moisture content (OMC), field dry density (FDD), and field moisture content (FMC)). Regression analysis and artificial neural network estimation indicated that there are acceptable correlations between deformation modulus and coefficient of subgrade reaction and these parameters. Artificial neural networks model exhibits higher performance than traditional statistical model for predicting deformation modulus and coefficient of subgrade reaction.     

Contribution of soft tissue deformation below the sacrum to the measurement of total height loss in sitting

This study investigated the contribution of soft tissue deformation below the sacrum (S) and vertical spinal creep to total height loss (THL) measured in sitting. Eight asymptomatic subjects (four males, four females) aged between 21 and 51 years were measured. Simultaneous measurement of THL and S were commenced after the subjects had been sitting for 5 min. THL was recorded while subjects were positioned in a seated stadiometer, which controlled their spinal posture. S was measured by placing an ultrasound transducer at the level of the top of the subject's sacrum. Over 25 min of sitting with loaded and unloaded interventions applied to their spine, different response characteristics between S and THL were noted. This study demonstrated that soft tissues below the sacrum could contribute up to 30% on average of total height loss. This suggests that researchers should take into account the soft tissue deformation outside the spine when studying vertical creep in sitting.     

温差引起管子在斜面上的蠕动现象

在斜面上布置管路时,虽然设计上满足了管子自重下滑力与其摩擦力的平衡,但工程实际中管子仍会下滑从而造成变形破坏。详细分析了破坏的原因,认为是由于温差引起管子在斜面上蠕动而造成的。     

含硼微合金钢奥氏体热变形行为

采用单道次压缩实验方法，通过Gleebe-1500热模拟试验机对成分(％)为：0．05C，1．57Mn，0。50Cu，0.05Nb，0．014H，0．0012B微合金化钢进行800～1100℃应力．应变曲线和再结晶组织演变的试验研究，建立了动态再结晶临界应变和晶粒尺寸模型。得出降低变形温度或提高变形速率可明显细化该微合金化钢的晶粒。     

变压器绕组变形在线监测方法的研究

提出了用参数辨识的方法，依据变压器绕组参数在变形前后会改变的原理，实现了对变压器绕组变形的在线监测。     

Interactive Construction and Animation of Layered Elastically Deformable Characters

An interactive system is described for creating and animating deformable 3D characters. By using a hybrid layered model of kinematic and physics-based components together with an immersive 3D direct manipulation interface, it is possible to quickly construct characters that deform naturally when animated and whose behavior can be controlled interactively using intuitive parameters. In this layered construction technique, called the elastic surface layer model, a simulated elastically deformable skin surface is wrapped around a kinematic articulated figure. Unlike previous layered models, the skin is free to slide along the underlying surface layers constrained by geometric constraints which push the surface out and spring forces which pull the surface in to the underlying layers. By tuning the parameters of the physics-based model, a variety of surface shapes and behaviors can be obtained such as more realistic-looking skin deformation at the joints, skin sliding over muscles, and dynamic effects such as squash-and-stretch and follow-through. Since the elastic model derives all of its input forces from the underlying articulated figure, the animator may specify all of the physical properties of the character once, during the initial character design process, after which a complete animation sequence can be created using a traditional skeleton animation technique. Character construction and animation are done using a 3D user interface based on two-handed manipulation registered with head-tracked stereo viewing. In our configuration, a six degree-of-freedom head-tracker and CrystalEyes shutter glasses are used to display stereo images on a workstation monitor that dynamically follow the user head motion. 3D virtual objects can be made to appear at a fixed location in physical space which the user may view from different angles by moving his head. To construct 3D animated characters, the user interacts with the simulated environment using both hands simultaneously: the left hand, controlling a Spaceball, is used for 3D navigation and object movement, while the right hand, holding a 3D mouse, is used to manipulate through a virtual tool metaphor the objects appearing in front of the screen. Hand-eye coordination is made possible by registering virtual space to physical space, allowing a variety of complex 3D tasks necessary for constructing 3D animated characters to be performed more easily and more rapidly than is possible using traditional interactive techniques.     

检测变压器绕组变形的低压脉冲法的研究

对变压器绕组变形的低压脉冲检测法进行了研究。简要介绍了低压脉冲法检测绕组变形的基本原理，对影响低压脉冲法检测变压器绕组变形测试结果的因素进行了考察，并利用测试系统对模拟不同部位、不同种类变形故障的模型变压器进行了测试，提出可根据变压器绕组时域响应波形的畸变及变压器传递函数频谱图的变化来判断变压器绕组是否发生变形故障。     

散斑检测技术及其应用

综述了散斑计量中的主要检测技术。主题包括散斑照相技术、散斑干涉技术、电子散斑干涉技术、数字散斑相关技术和时间序列散斑检测技术。介绍了散斑计量在科学和工程研究中的一些重要应用。