内燃机气缸压力振动识别研究

本文应用数字信号处理技术研究了内燃机气缸压力对缸盖表面的激励作用，提出了借助于缸盖系统传递函数分离表面振动信号。识别气缸压力成份并复现示功图的方法。     

内燃机气缸套—活塞环表面流量因子的确定及混合润滑分析

提出一种在分析气缸套—活塞环润滑特性时根据气缸套、活塞环表面粗糙度确定表面流量因子的办法，克服了以往计算流量因子的不足，充分考虑到影响流量因子的各种因素，同时也可反映出气缸套──活塞环在磨损过程中表面粗糙度变化的影响，从而能准确分析气缸套──活塞环润滑特性的动态变化。     

重载柴油机气缸套变形分析及结构参数优化

简要分析了某重载柴油机的钢制薄壁顶置湿式气缸套在装配和使用过程中出现变形超差的影响因素。建立了由机体、气缸盖、气缸垫、机体螺栓、气缸套组成的组合结构有限元分析模型，利用多方案数值计算方法研究装配使用过程中气缸套变形机理及结构敏感部位参数，以便对改进设计提供理论指导和依据。优选的气缸套参数已用于某重载柴油机演示验证样机的气缸套结构设计改进。     

Effects of hydrogen addition and cylinder cutoff on combustion and emissions performance of a spark-ignited gasoline engine under a low operating condition

Because of the low combustion temperature and high throttling loss, SI (spark-ignited) engines always encounter dropped performance at low load conditions. This paper experimentally investigated the co-effect of cylinder cutoff and hydrogen addition on improving the performance of a gasoline-fueled SI engine. The experiment was conducted on a modified four-cylinder SI engine equipped with an electronically controlled hydrogen injection system and a hybrid electronic control unit. The engine was run at 1400 rpm, 34.5 Nm and two cylinder cutoff modes in which one cylinder and two cylinders were closed, respectively. For each cylinder closing strategy, the hydrogen energy fraction in the total fuel (βH₂)$\left({\beta }_{{\text{H}}_2}\right)$ was increased from 0% to approximately 20%. The test results demonstrated that engine indicated thermal efficiency was effectively improved after cylinder cutoff and hydrogen addition, which rose from 34.6% of the original engine to 40.34% of the engine operating at two-cylinder cutoff mode and βH₂=20.41%${\beta }_{{\text{H}}_2}=20.41\%$. Flame development and propagation periods were shortened with the increase of the number of closed cylinders and hydrogen blending ratio. The total cooling loss for all working cylinders, and tailpipe HC (hydrocarbons), CO (carbon monoxide) and CO₂ (carbon dioxide) emissions were reduced whereas tailpipe NO_x (nitrogen oxide) emissions were increased after hydrogen addition and cylinder closing.     

3102柴油机气缸盖设计

气缸盖是发动机中最复杂的部件之一。根据柴油机的性能指标选择了柴油机主要的性能参数,重点论述了3102柴油机气缸盖的设计依据与设计过程。同时,对气缸盖材料的选择、冷却水道的布置、进排气道布置以及缸盖螺栓的布置等问题也进行了讨论。     

Influence of casting defects on fatigue behaviour of A356 aluminium alloy

Abstract

The fatigue behaviour of A356 cast aluminium alloy under 10⁴ cycles was investigated by a servo-hydraulic machine at the temperature of 150°C. The specimens for the fully reversible tension compression tests were cut from cylinder head castings of automobile engines. The testing data were treated by S–N curve and the staircase method and the mean values of fatigue property coincided with each other by these two methods, though the data scattered with different casting defects. The fracture surfaces of fatigue specimens were examined by OM, SEM and EDS. It was found that in most of the specimens two or more fatigue crack initiations appeared at a fracture surface. Compared with casting defects such as oxide film, inclusion and blowhole, shrinkage porosity is more detrimental to the fatigue behaviour of aluminium alloy castings.     

1.5L汽油机气缸盖冷却水套的结构改进与分析

为了提高某1.5L自然吸气汽油机的经济性和降低排放,增加了EGR模块,使气缸盖冷却水套结构发生了变化。本文应用PRO/E三维软件和FIRE软件进行了该机气缸盖水套结构改进设计和数值模拟,得到了冷却液流速分布、换热系数分布、压力损失等信息。与现生产的气缸盖水套分析结果进行了对比,提出了缸盖水套结构改进措施,有效改善了气缸水套的换热能力和流量均匀性。     

气缸盖砂芯整体涂料工艺及夹具的优化设计

运用美学、人类工效学、绩效理论,以及黄金分割原理的设计理念优化设计制作4102气缸盖砂芯整体涂料工艺及夹具。对气缸盖砂芯整体涂料工艺的确定,及其整体涂料夹具的旋转框架、夹紧气缸的密封、定位导柱、电动及手动摆料机构等主要零部件的结构优化设计进行了较详细的评述;所用的优化设计理念,也可指导其它铸造工装的优化设计。     

汽车发动机缸体缸孔加工专用镗床设计

缸体缸孔的加工是缸体加工过程中3道重要工序之一,缸孔的加工质量将直接决定发动机的品质。通过分析某汽车发动机缸体结构、缸孔加工精度要求及其加工难点,确定了缸体生产线模式及缸孔加工设备,重点介绍了专用机床整体方案,专用夹具结构、传动系统、刀具系统结构、床身与立柱结构的设计。专机的成功研发与投产为以后同类机床的研发提供了宝贵经验。     

核电常规岛用超高液压螺栓拉伸器关键结构的数值分析

针对核电常规岛用螺栓拉伸器具有超高压、超小空间作业工况的特性,提出一种基于数值分析与实验相接合的设计方法,运用ANSYS软件对螺栓拉伸器关键结构——缸体与螺帽进行有限元校核,并与测定的应变实验数据进行对比;同时分析参数Rm、D对螺帽结构的优化特性。研究结果表明:初设的缸体强度和刚度满足材料的要求,但螺帽在"L型"截面拐点处出现"负"安全系数;优化螺帽结构尺寸,当Rm=8 mm,D=60 mm时与初设参数相比应力减小了121.2%,应变减小了58%,安全系数得到极大提高,这为该设备的可靠性和安全性提供了设计依据。