南通市2003年食品污染状况监测与分析

为系统准确地了解南通市食品污染物的污染状况和污染水平,从而提出相应的预防方法及改进措施。2003年在严格的质量控制下,按照统一的方法对南通市6县2区共8类食品进行了有关食品污染物的污染状况监测。监测指标为铅、镉、甲胺磷。178份样品中有2份铅超标,均为乳类,合格率为98.88%;动物肾脏、鱼、虾中的镉含量高于CAC标准,合格率分别为27.27%、62.5%、71.4%;蔬菜中甲胺磷的平均检出率为15%,检出率最高的为小白菜(30%)。监测结果提示动物肾脏镉污染严重,应寻找污染源,进一步研究干预措施,从根本上阻断镉在食物链中的迁移。     

Hepatoprotective effects of lupeol and mango pulp extract of carcinogen induced alteration in Swiss albino mice

Lupeol, a triterpene present in mango and other fruits, is known to exhibit a number of pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antilithiatic, and antidiabetic effects. In the present study, chemopreventive properties of lupeol and mango pulp extract (MPE) were evaluated against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced alteration in liver of Swiss albino mice. Lupeol (25 mg/kg body weight, bw) or 1 mL of 20% w/v aqueous MPE/mouse were daily given once for 1 wk after a single dose of DMBA (50 mg/kg bw). Lupeol/MPE supplementation effectively influenced the DMBA induced oxidative stress, characterized by restored antioxidant enzyme activities and decrease in lipid peroxidation. A reduction of apoptotic cell population in the hypodiploid region was observed in lupeol and MPE supplemented animals. The inhibition of apoptosis was preceded by decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and restoration of mitochondrial transmembrane potential followed by decreased DNA fragmentation. In DMBA treated animals, downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and Caspase 3 in mouse liver was observed. These alterations were restored by lupeol/MPE, indicating inhibition of apoptosis. Thus, lupeol/MPE was found to be effective in combating oxidative stress induced cellular injury of mouse liver by modulating cell-growth regulators.     

新型丙烯酸类浆料的开发及应用

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,进行以丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯、丙烯酰胺等为主的水溶液聚合反应,制得新型丙烯酸类浆料,并进行了产品性能测试及应用研究.性能检测及生产应用实践结果表明,该浆料上浆性能优良,适合棉以及涤/棉品种的上浆,而且可以用来全部或部分替代PVA.     

海产贝类食品安全预警研究

为防控海贝类食源性污染、食物中毒的发生,通过开展贝类生物海洋污染本底调查、进行贝类食用安全性分析评价、在海区布设预警站点、实施贝毒素预警监测、建设海贝类食品安全示范基地等方式,探索出一条适合当地沿海实际的贝类食品安全预警保障模式,并对贝类食品依法行政、贝类的清洁生产与健康养殖等提出了见解。     

拉伸时测量钢丝截面尺寸方法探讨

对钢丝拉伸过程的分析和计算表明：在一定应力σ（σ≤σＥ）作用下，钢丝截面尺寸的减小量可以忽略不计。拉伸时测量钢丝截面尺寸的方法是可行的，可以有效地消除钢丝弯曲状态对截面尺寸测量结果的影响。对一存在切伤缺陷钢丝的实际测量证明，本方法可以准确测量和描述钢丝的截面尺寸和形状。     

江苏省餐饮业即食生食动物性水产品加工现况调查分析

掌握江苏省餐饮业即食生食动物性动物性水产品加工现况,为制定餐饮即食生食动物性水产品加工操作规范提供依据。方法 运用流行病学横断面调查研究方法,设计现场调查表,对经营即食生食动物性水产品的餐饮单位进行分层随机抽样调查。结果 江苏省餐饮业即食生食动物性水产品品种丰富,加工操作过程中关键环节合格率较低,仅10%设计即食生食动物性水产品加工专间;人员管理、卫生管理不能适应即食生食动物性水产品加工需求。结论 江苏省餐饮业即食生食动物性水产品加工卫生现况令人担忧,亟需通过制定加工操作规程、加强日常管理、开展宣传培训等举措,规范全省餐饮业即食生食动物性水产品的加工过程,整体提升合格水平。     

截面异形纤维捕集烟气气溶胶的微观研究

采用显微镜放大和CCD拍摄技术,在所建立的烟气捕集微观观测通道中对截面异形纤维捕集烟气气溶胶的过程进行拍摄,对所拍图片进行图像二值化处理,考察单丝线密度、颗粒物浓度及气体流速对烟气气溶胶在纤维迎风面覆盖率的影响。结果表明:在相同的捕集时间下,颗粒物在纤维丝迎风面的覆盖率随截面异形纤维丝单丝线密度减小而增加;颗粒物在纤维丝迎风面的覆盖率随颗粒物浓度升高而增加;在气体流速0.18～0.72 m/s范围内,颗粒物在纤维丝迎风面的覆盖率随气体流速增大而增加。     

蛇床子提取物在棉织物抗菌整理中的应用

用乙醇、蒸馏水作为溶剂,通过浸渍、加热的方法对蛇床子的药效成分进行提取。利用抑菌率作为衡量指标,分析了蛇床子水提液和醇提液整理棉织物的抗菌效果。抗菌性能检测采用菌落计数法,检测以两种不同试剂提取的蛇床子抗菌成分整理与未处理棉布在0 h、18～24 h内两种细菌生长情况计数,以对照试验进行抗菌性能评定。通过实验数据的对比,探讨了整理工艺、整理后棉织物的抗菌性能、面密度和白度,对环保纺织品的生产具有一定的指导意义。     

铝电解电容器等效串联电阻的分析及控制

文章分析了铝电解电容器等效串联电阻对产品性能的影响,讨论了等效串联电阻的构成及其影响因素,阐述了铝电解电容器生产中控制等效串联电阻的对策,推出了一种改进的铆接工艺,能够有效降低、稳定电极箔与引线间的铆接接触电阻。     

Contamination of surface and potable water in South Asia by Salmonellae: Culture-independent quantification with molecular beacon real-time PCR

Low numbers (15-100 CFU) of Salmonella in food or water may pose a public health risk. The management of infections caused by Salmonella spp. during outbreaks or forecasting of contamination of aquatic resources largely depends on rapid, sensitive and accurate diagnostic in few hours. In this study, a real-time PCR assay in Molecular-Beacon format was developed and culture-independent quantitative enumeration of Salmonella spp. in surface and potable water is being reported for the first time from northern part of India. Molecular Beacon was designed in highly conserved region of invA gene (present in wide range of Salmonella serotypes including all subspecies) encoding an essential component of the invasion associated specialized type Ø protein secretion apparatus for detection of Salmonella spp. in water. The assay could detect directly 10 and 1 genomic equivalent of Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 per PCR with detection probability of 100 and 20%, respectively. Further, the assay could detect 10 CFU/PCR or more of reference strain (S. typhimurium ATCC 14028) without any enrichment in the presence of 10⁸ CFU ml^− 1 of non-pathogenic E. coli (E. coli DH5α) with 100% detection probability. The assay could enumerate Salmonella spp. in surface (n = 40) and potable waters (n = 10) directly (without enrichment). Results indicate that northern India is at high risk of developing Salmonella borne infections. Further, real-time PCR assay in Molecular Beacon format can be used for identification of critical contamination points in natural water resources and potable water distribution systems, necessary to implement vaccination plan timely for prevention of waterborne outbreaks caused by Salmonella spp.