激光退火对Inconel 718微观组织和硬度的影响

研究激光退火对Inconel718时效合金的显微组织和硬度的影响.一台2.5kW的CO2激光机被用来照射试样的表面.在激光能作用下,试样表面层被加热后空冷.通过控制激光工艺参数,在表面不发生熔化的前提下,能够使一定厚度表面层内的硬度降低到标准退火合金的水平,而不影响试样内部母材的硬度.显微组织观察显示表面层的基体强化相(γ″和γ‘)在激光照射过程中被固溶,而其它二次相没有变化.γ″和γ‘的固溶被确定是表面层硬度下降的原因.在其它试验条件不变时,确立了退火层生成时由激光散焦距离和扫描速度描述的工艺参数范围.     

激光熔覆镍基粉末涂层的研究

分析了激光熔覆表面处理技术对镍基自熔性合金粉末材料性能的要求，研究了合金粉末的化学成分、微观组织及熔覆层的性能，并对涂层的耐磨性进行了分析。     

高温运行对镍基异种金属接头力学性能的影响

对12Cr1MoV和0Cr17ni12Mo2两种管材的镍基异种金属接头进行焊后状态和高温运行后状态对比试验。结果表明，高温运行使异种钢接头σ-ε图中曲线移动，反映了高温运行后异种钢接头的屈服强度和塑性有所下降；高温运行使异种钢接头的各项力学性能指标σb,σ0.2,δ5,ψ均略有下降，该结果与接头组织变化及12Cr1MoV钢珠光体组织中碳化物球化倾向等不利因素有关；高温运行对异种钢接头断口部位及宏观断口形貌特征无大的影响；高温运行后异种钢接头拉伸试样仍断在母材处，表明镍基异种钢接头的抗拉强度是比较满意的。     

喷焊工艺对钛基体镍基涂层显微组织和性能的影响

采用常规喷焊工艺和改进喷焊工艺,在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面上制备了镍基耐磨涂层,分析了涂层的形貌和合金元素的扩散,测试了涂层的显微硬度,定性地研究了基体和涂层的结合性能.结果表明:改进工艺所制备的涂层组织和性能均优于常规工艺的,涂层组织的均匀性大大提高,晶粒得到细化;基体和涂层为明显的冶金结合;涂层显微硬度的变化沿层深方向呈连续性和渐变性,其表层显微硬度高达HV933.2.采用合理的喷焊工艺能够在钛合金表面制备出性能优良的耐磨涂层.     

TiB2对Ni基合金激光熔覆层组织与性能的影响

采用5 kW CO2激光器在低碳钢表面熔覆Ni基合金层及TiB2/Ni基合金金属陶瓷涂层,研究了两种涂层的组织、显微硬度以及滑动磨损特性.结果表明,Ni基合金层主要组成相为γ-(Ni,Fe),Cr23C6等,TiB2/Ni基合金复合涂层组成相主要有γ-(Ni,Fe),Ni3B,TiB2和TiC等;Ni基合金层由发达γ-(Ni,Fe)枝晶和其间共晶组织所组成,TiB2/Ni基合金复合涂层典型组织为等轴固溶体以及其间细小共晶组织;TiB2对熔覆层的组织有显著的影响,使熔覆层组织细化,并由树枝晶转变为等轴晶;加入TiB2可显著提高Ni基合金涂层的显微硬度及耐磨性能.     

含石墨镍铬基合金的高温氧化行为

利用热重分析法、X射线衍射法和扫描电镜研究了不同石墨含量(0%、3%、6%、9%)镍铬基高温合金在800℃、900℃和950℃下的高温氧化行为。合金在石墨含量较低,800℃、900℃氧化时,氧化增重基本遵循抛物线规律,表面氧化膜无剥落,在950℃氧化时表面氧化膜出现剥落,近似直线规律。900℃氧化时,含石墨0%、3%的合金氧化膜由Cr2O3和NiCr2O4组成。根据氧化膜的组成分析了合金的氧化机理。     

GRAIN REFINEMENT IN BULK UNDERCOOLED Ni-BASED ALLOY

Fluxing of 5 g bulk melt Ni77Si13B10 permits high undercoolings to be attained prior to nu-cleation onset.Investigations of grain refinement in the bulk undercooled alloy as a function ofundercooling,recalescence behavior and cooling rate have been reported.A significant inhomo-geneity of reduction in grain size of a bulk sample is observed,which is caused by the different so-lidification conditions:(1)recalescence process,and(2)the followed plateau in which the heatrelease and extraction rates are equal.It is concluded that the homogeneous refined microstructurecan be achieved if the initial undercooling prior to nucleation,or cooling rate after recalescence isfurther increased.     

Steam reforming of n-hexadecane over noble metal-modified Ni-based catalysts

Steam reforming of n-hexadecane, a main constituent of diesel, over noble metal-modified Ni-based hydrotalcite catalyst was carried out in a temperature range of 700–950 °C, at an atmospheric pressure with space velocity of 10,000–100,000 h⁻¹ and feed molar ratio of H₂O/C = 3.0. The catalysts were prepared by a co-precipitation and dipping methods. The noble metal-modified Ni-based hydrotalcite catalyst displayed higher resistance for the sintering of active metal than the Ni-based hydrotalcite catalyst prepared by the conventional method. It was found that the Rh-modified Ni-based catalysts showed high resistance to the formation of carbon compared to Ni-based catalysts. The results suggest that Rh-modified Ni-based catalyst can be applied for the steam reforming (SR) reaction of diesel.     

Creep-induced structural changes in Ni-Si-B amorphous alloy

The influence of the stress annealing on the reversible structural relaxation of a Ni-Si-B amorphous ribbon was studied. Creep-induced structural changes in the amorphous structure were derived from anisothermal DSC and dilatometric experiments. It is demonstrated that considerable enthalpy and specimen length variations associated with the reversible structural relaxation are observed after previous creep at higher temperatures. __________ Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 24–27, January–February, 2008.     

数字化技术在镍基合金钨元素可见光谱分析中的应用

使用可见光谱数字化分析系统对镍基合金中W元素可见光谱进行分析测定,研究镍基合金中W元素的W468.05nm、W484.38nm和W505.33nm分析谱线组的特征,探索镍基合金中W元素的数字化分析技术。结果可用于镍基合金中W元素的定性、定量分析和牌号鉴别。