难选铅锌硫化矿浮选新工艺的研究

通过研究某铅锌硫化矿石的分选条件与药剂制度, 提出了处理该类矿石的分选新工艺。生产实践证明, 新工艺不仅在精矿质量和回收率比原工艺有了显著提高, 而且药剂耗量也大幅度降低, 取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

Bioleaching of chalcopyrite by pure and mixed culture

The bioleaching of chalcopyrite in shake flasks was investigated by using pure Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans and mixed culture isolated from the acid mine drainage in Yushui and Dabaoshan Copper Mine in China, marked as YS and DB, respectively. The mixed culture consisted mainly of Acidithiobacillus fOrrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, and Leptospirillum spp. （Leptospirillum ferriphilum and Leptospirillum ferrooxians）. The results show that the mixed culture is more efficient than the pure Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans because of the presence of the sulfur-oxidizing cultures that positively increase the dissolution rate and the recovery of copper from chalcopyrite. The pH value decreases with the decrease of chalcopyrite leaching rate, because of the formation ofjarosite as a passivation layer on the mineral surface during bioleaching. In the bioleaching using the mixed culture, low pH is got from the sulfur oxidizing inhibiting, the formation ofjarosite. The copper extraction reaches 46.27% in mixed culture and 30.37% in pure Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans after leaching for 75 d.     

Effect of Cu ions on bioleaching of marmatite

The effect of Cu^2＋ ions on bioleaching of marmatite was investigated through shake leaching experiments. The bacteria inoculated are a mixed culture ofAcidithiobacillusferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Lepthospirillumferrooxidans. The results show that zinc is selectively leached, and the addition of appropriate content of Cu^2＋ ions has positive effect on the bioleaching of marmatite. SEM and EDX analyses of the leaching residue reveal that a product layer composed of iron sulfide, elemental sulfur and jarosite forms on the mineral surface. The biooxidation of elemental sulfur is catalyzed by the Cu^2＋ ions, which eliminate the barrier to bioleaching of marmatite and keep low pH value. With the addition of 0.5 g/L Cu^2＋ ions, the maximum zinc extraction rate reaches 73% after 23 d at the temperature of 30 ℃ with the pulp density of 10%, while that of iron is only about 10%.     

Improvement of flotation behavior of Mengzi lead-silver-zinc ore by pulp potential control flotation

The electrochemical behavior of Mengzi lead-silver-zinc ore flotation system was studied. Based on the electrochemical characteristics of sulfide mineral flotation system, a stage potential control flotation was developed with the main parameters of pulp potential（φp）, pH value and collector dosage. Using N,N＇ diphenylamino-dithiolphosphoric acid（NNDDC） as a collector, which has good selectivity for galena flotation at pH 8.8 and pulp potential 330 mV, DDTC is used as secondary collector to improve both the grade and recovery of Pb and Ag. The pulp potential values significantly influence the floatability of practical minerals and single minerals when using NNDDC as the collector. The flotation recovery of galena reaches 85% at about 0.3 V and pH8.8. With the usage of pulp potential control during grinding and flotation, the new pulp electrochemical technology for Mengzi lead-silver-zinc ore flotation was developed. The results show that the grades of Pb and Ag of galena concentrate are 55% and 1 800 g/t, respectively, while the recoveries of Pb and Ag are 86.5% and 65%, respectively, the grade of Zn of marmatite concentrate is 42.5%, and the recovery of Zn is 91.25%.     

软锰矿和浮选方铅矿共同浸出液的净化

对浮选方铅矿精矿和软锰矿两矿共同浸出含锰溶液中Fe 、Pb 杂质的净化工艺条件进行了研究。结果表明, pH =4 时, 采用针铁矿法除铁, 能有效去除浸出液中的Fe 离子; 在温度为45 ℃、pH =4、硫化剂与方铅矿的质量比为1∶20 时, 采用硫化法去除重金属, 浸出液中的Fe 、Pb 杂质含量均小于1 mg/L, 满足制备工艺要求。     

氧化锌烟尘中铟的挥发富集

针对含多种有价金属的还原挥发氧化锌烟尘,对各元素的挥发特性进行热力学平衡计算、实验室回转窑挥发和中试试验,验证铟镉铅选择性挥发效果,获得高铟物料和脱除氟氯的高锌焙砂的工艺路线。在实验室回转窑中,铟和铅的挥发率分别为93.20%和95.12%,同时,得到含锌67.36%、含氟0.013%和氯0.407%的焙砂。在中试试验中,挥发产物中铟的平均含量超过700g/t,较原料富集比超过2倍,铅的平均挥发率达到98.94%,焙砂中平均锌含量为64.16%,锌焙砂中氟和氯的含量分别降到了0.013%和0.211%,这说明从氧化锌烟尘中分离铟并获得可以满足电解锌要求的焙砂的挥发效果非常显著。     

捕收剂烷基二醚胺对菱锌矿、石英和方解石选择性浮选的影响（英文）

通过单矿物浮选试验和实际矿石浮选试验考察了烷基二醚胺(GE-609)做捕收剂时,菱锌矿、石英和方解石的浮选分离。结果表明,GE-609对3种矿物均有良好的捕收性能,浮选无选择性。硫化钠能增强菱锌矿和方解石的浮选但抑制石英。此外,水玻璃和六偏磷酸钠均对方解石表现出良好的选择性抑制作用。实际矿石浮选试验表明,最终闭路试验获得Zn品位为23.51%、回收率为71.02%的锌精矿。通过动电位测试和红外光谱分析考察了GE-609在菱锌矿表面的吸附,结果表明,GE-609在菱锌矿表面的吸附包括静电吸附和化学吸附,且硫化钠的存在增强了BGE-609在菱锌矿表面的吸附。