High lithium storage of Co3O4 enabled by integrating hollow and porous carbon scaffolds

The Co₃O₄, as a potential anode of lithium-ion batteries, has gained considerable attention because of high theoretical capacity. However, the Co₃O₄ is suffering from serious structure deterioration and rapid capacity fading due to its bulky volume change during cyclic charge/discharge process. Herein, to stabilize the lithium storage performance of the Co₃O₄ nanoparticles, a characteristic carbon scaffold (HPC) integrating hollow and porous structures has been fabricated by a well-designed method for the first time. The ultrafine Co₃O₄ nanoparticles are cleverly anchored on the HPC (HPC@Co₃O₄) and hence achieve significantly improved electrochemical properties including high capacity, improved reaction kinetics and outstanding cycle stability, showing high capacity of 1084.7 mAh g^-1 after 200 cycles at 200 mA g^-1 as well as 681.4 mAh g^-1 after 300 cycles at 1000 mA g^-1. The HPC@Co₃O₄ therefore shows good promising for application in advanced lithium-ion battery anodes. The results of the systematically material and electrochemical characterizations indicate that the synergistic effects of ultrafine Co₃O₄ nanoparticles and well-designed HPC scaffolds are responsible for the outstand performance of the HPC@Co₃O₄ anode. Moreover, this work can enrich the understanding and development of stable and high-performance metal oxide-based lithium-ion battery anodes for advanced lithium storage.     

Real time power management strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric bus based on Lyapunov stability theorem

The fuel cell/battery durability and hybrid system stability are major considerations for the power management of fuel cell hybrid electric bus (FCHEB) operating on complicated driving conditions. In this paper, a real time nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) with stability analyze is formulated for power management of FCHEB. Firstly, the mathematical model of hybrid power system is analyzed, which is established for control-oriented design. Furthermore, the NAC-based strategy with quadratic Lyapunov function is set up to guarantee the stability of closed-loop power system, and the power split between fuel cell and battery is controlled with the durability consideration. Finally, two real-time power management strategies, state machine control (SMC) and fuzzy logic control (FLC), are implemented to evaluate the performance of NAC-based strategy, and the simulation results suggest that the guaranteed stability of NAC-based strategy can efficiently prolong fuel cell/battery lifespan and provide better fuel consumption economy for FCHEB.     

An adaptive sliding mode observer based near-optimal OER tracking control approach for PEMFC under dynamic operation condition

Tracking control of oxygen excess ratio (OER) is crucial for dynamic performance and operating efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). OER tracking errors and overshoots under dynamic load limit the PEMFC output power performance, and also could lead oxygen starvation which seriously affect the life of PEMFC. To solve this problem, an adaptive sliding mode observer based near-optimal OER tracking control approach is proposed in this paper. According to real time load demand, a dynamic OER optimization strategy is designed to obtain an optimal OER. A nonlinear system model based near-optimal controller is designed to minimize the OER tracking error under variable operation condition of PEMFC. An adaptive sliding mode observer is utilized to estimate the uncertain parameters of the PEMFC air supply system and update parameters in near-optimal controller. The proposed control approach is implemented in OER tracking experiments based on air supply system of a 5 kW PEMFC test platform. The experiment results are analyzed and demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control approach under load changes, external disturbances and parameter uncertainties of PEFMC system.     

计算机网络办公自动化及安全策略探究

互联网通讯采取标准化模式主要以TCP/IP协议为载体,通讯的优越特性体现在同时具备便捷性与开放性,为办公提供很大的便利,但基于网络系统也会入侵病毒、也会给信息数据与办公体系安全性造成威胁,直接影响企业综合稳定发展。据此,为保障办公工作的顺利开展,本文对计算机网络办公自动化及安全策略进行详细分析。     

混菌矿化增强再生粗骨料的物理力学性能

为克服单一微生物培养成本高且矿化鲁棒性不足的缺陷，提出了一种混菌矿化增强再生粗骨料物理力学性能的方法.通过筛选矿化效率较高的好氧嗜碱混菌，考察了混菌矿化对再生粗骨料物理力学性能和混凝土抗压强度的影响.结果表明：相同增强时间下，混菌比纯菌呈现出更优异的矿化增强效果；随着混菌矿化增强时间的延长，再生粗骨料吸水率和压碎指标呈现出先减小后增大的趋势，最优增强时间为15 d；采用矿化增强再生粗骨料制备的再生混凝土抗压强度提高幅度达到22.1%.     

Automatic design for shop scheduling strategies based on hyper-heuristics: A systematic review

Against the background of smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0, how to achieve real-time scheduling has become a problem to be solved. In this regard, automatic design for shop scheduling based on hyper-heuristics has been widely studied, and a number of reviews and scheduling algorithms have been presented. Few studies, however, have specifically discussed the technical points involved in algorithm development. This study, therefore, constructs a general framework for automatic design for shop scheduling strategies based on hyper-heuristics, and various state-of-the-art technical points in the development process are summarized. First, we summarize the existing types of shop scheduling strategies and classify them using a new classification method. Second, we summarize an automatic design algorithm for shop scheduling. Then, we investigate surrogate-assisted methods that are popular in the current algorithm field. Finally, current problems and challenges are discussed, and potential directions for future research are proposed.     

Anticancer activity of flavonoids accompanied by redox state modulation and the potential for a chemotherapeutic strategy

Since researchers began studying the mechanism of flavonoids’ anticancer activity, little attention has been focused on the modulation of redox state in cells as a potential chemotherapeutic strategy. However, recent studies have begun identifying that the anticancer effect of flavonoids occurs both in their antioxidative activity which scavenges ROS and their prooxidative activity which generates ROS. Against this backdrop, this study attempts to achieve a comprehensive analysis of the individual and separate study findings regarding flavonoids’ modulation of redox state in cancer cells. It focuses on the mechanism behind the anticancer effect, and mostly on the modulation of redox potential by flavonoids such as quercetin, hesperetin, apigenin, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), luteolin and kaempferol in both in vitro and animal models. In addition, the clinical applications of and bioavailability of flavonoids were reviewed to help build a treatment strategy based on flavonoids’ prooxidative potential.     

日本优良食味稻米灌浆期水管理、鲜谷干燥温度及糙米水分与食味关系研究（译文）

为了生产优良食味稻米,克服栽培环境的影响非常重要。主要论述了灌浆期最适宜的用水管理、新鲜稻谷的干燥温度以及糙米水分含量与其食味之间的关系。水稻灌浆期最适宜的用水管理是湿润管理法,通过对灌浆期水稻的湿润管理,可有效抑制水田土壤温度上升,保持根系活力,提高稻米结实率,最终实现稻米增收与食味提升。新鲜稻谷水分含量不同,干燥所需的送风温度也不同,22%、25%、30%的水分含量分别对应的适宜温度为55、48、35℃。糙米中14%～15%的水分含量能够保证稻米的最佳食味。