OBE-CDIO理念下“集成电路版图分析与设计”课程教学改革与探索

针对目前集成电路版图分析与设计课程存在教学方法老化、教学模式形式化等问题,本文以OBE-CDIO教育理念为指导,对”集成电路版图分析与设计”课程的课程教学模式、课程设计、项目式教学方式和课程考核方式等方面的改革进行有益的探索与实践。将工程教学认证中对学生的专业毕业要求作为制定教学目标的依据,将BB网络平台、ISO9001等现代化教学资源和质量标准融入课堂教学,采用OBE-CDIO能力教学理念指导课程设计,实现教学环节与考核环节的科学化与多元化,通过引入课程思政激发学生学习热情,树立社会主义核心价值观,全面地培养学生的综合版图分析与设计能力和素养。     

Investigation of bacterial and fungal communities in indoor and outdoor air of elementary school classrooms by 16S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing

The advent of high-throughput sequencing methods allowed researchers to fully characterize microbial community in environmental samples, which is crucial to better understand their health effects upon exposures. In our study, we investigated bacterial and fungal community in indoor and outdoor air of nine classrooms in three elementary schools in Seoul, Korea. The extracted bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS regions were sequenced, and their taxa were identified. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction for total bacteria DNA was also performed. The bacterial community was richer in outdoor air than classroom air, whereas fungal diversity was similar indoors and outdoors. Bacteria such as Enhydrobacter, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus that are generally found in human skin, mucous membrane, and intestine were found in great abundance. For fungi, Cladosporium, Clitocybe, and Daedaleopsis were the most abundant genera in classroom air and mostly related to outdoor plants. Bacterial community composition in classroom air was similar among all classrooms but differed from that in outdoor air. However, indoor and outdoor fungal community compositions were similar for the same school but different among schools. Our study indicated the main source of airborne bacteria in classrooms was likely human occupants; however, classroom airborne fungi most likely originated from outdoors.     

Complexities of digital technology use and the teaching and learning of function

Many argue that digital technologies have the potential to enhance the teaching and learning of mathematics. However, the availability of technology is not sufficient to realise this potential. The study reported takes a detailed approach to investigate the utility of the particular offerings of the available technologies in the teaching and learning of a specific area of mathematics, functions. Sixteen affordances identified in the data are described. The complexity of the process involved in resolving a situation where particular affordances would be useful so as they are perceived and enacted is detailed. Finally, a grounded theory framework arising from the data analysis from this study that can be used to explain, predict and guide action in other digital environments is presented.     

A problem solving oriented intelligent tutoring system to improve students' acquisition of basic computer skills

Personalization and intelligent tutor are two key factors in the research on learning environment. Intelligent tutoring system (ITS), which can imitate the human teachers' actions to implement one-to-one personalized teaching to some extent, is an effective tool for training the ability of problem solving. This research firstly discusses the concepts and methods of designing problem solving oriented ITS, and then develops the current iTutor based on the extended model of ITS. At last, the research adopts a quasi-experimental design to investigate the effectiveness of iTutor in skills acquisition. The results indicate that students in iTutor group experience better learning effectiveness than those in the control group. iTutor is found to be effective in improving the learning effectiveness of students with low-level prior knowledge.     

基于网络学习行为聚类分析的在线课堂优化策略研究

利用聚类分析法对网络学习行为分类，从而挖掘不同类型学习者在学习行为和学习效果间的差异。以大学计算机公共课《数据库技术及应用》为例，综合学习者学习行为类别差异、在线课程内容组织以及课程特点等要素为在线课堂进一步发展提供优化策略。     

多维度教学策略在信号与系统中探究

在新工科背景下，围绕以学生为中心，本文提出了一种多维度线上线下混合式教学策略在“信号与系统”课程中的探究与实践。整体流程主要包括课前自主学习、课上知识消化及课后教学反馈。该策略通过多个维度的教学方法对“信号与系统”课程中的知识点进行展示，显示了此教学策略能够达到良好的教学效果，且本文提出的教学方法也具有良好的推广作用。     

《中国古建艺术概论》辐射式教学实践模式初探

教学方法的实践场所是课堂;理论指导实践的前提是首先已知一种理论,然后将这种理论运用于教学实践。在开始的阶段,教学方法和理论的运用没有完全达到自觉的状态的时候,教师往往容易单纯的套用理论框架。正如没有革命的理论,就没有革命的实践一样,当教学理论和教师的教学理念融为一体,水乳交融之后,教师会在教学过程中自觉自愿的运用先进的、有建设性的教学方法去讲授课程。辐射教学法不是单纯的知识的相互关联和内容的辐射发挥,而是一种理念形成之后,教师在教学过程中可以实现纵横捭阖、信手拈来的状态,实现前后知识体系综合贯穿联系、复合运用的能力,最终完成高水平的课堂教学和课程实训的教学目标。     

城市滨水空间生态系统服务供需匹配的空间智慧

当前生态系统服务空间性研究大多在区域或城市尺度上开展,风景园林生态实践的指导性较为有限,研究聚焦场地尺度,旨在从生态系统服务供需视角看待城市滨水空间的发展与规划设计实践。在已有生态系统服务供需方面文献爬梳的基础上,提出影响需求的三大因素及其需求类型的划分方法,甄别影响城市滨水空间生态系统服务供给能力的核心指标,选取上海苏州河市区段进行实证研究,采取田野调查法、文献研究法,并基于GIS进行需求目标与供给能力的空间制图。通过拟合分析比对创新性地提出指导城市滨水空间生态实践的三大空间智慧:1)基于需求目标研判制定发展策略的空间智慧;2)分段分类型供给满足存量更新需求的空间智慧;3)生态系统服务供需平衡转向匹配的空间智慧,为城市滨水空间的生态实践提出理论依据、评价标准及技术支撑。     

混凝土结构基本原理课程教改中新模式和新平台的应用

通过问卷调查的方式,了解混凝土结构基本原理常规课程教学模式存在的主要问题;通过采用微课堂、翻转课堂等教学模式和微信公众号信息平台进行探索性教改实践,取得很好的效果。教改实践证明:微课堂对课本中重难点的解决具有快捷高效的作用;翻转课堂提高了学生的主动性;微信公众号为学生解决疑难问题提供了便捷途径。新模式与新平台在混凝土结构基本原理课程教学中的应用有利于教改的实施和推进。     

半圆环形阶梯教室的结构设计

结合扇面形阶梯大教室的结构布置设计和现代预应力混凝土技术的运用 ,阐述了该类结构的合理布置 ,并提出对预应力构件的设计建议