Real time power management strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric bus based on Lyapunov stability theorem

The fuel cell/battery durability and hybrid system stability are major considerations for the power management of fuel cell hybrid electric bus (FCHEB) operating on complicated driving conditions. In this paper, a real time nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) with stability analyze is formulated for power management of FCHEB. Firstly, the mathematical model of hybrid power system is analyzed, which is established for control-oriented design. Furthermore, the NAC-based strategy with quadratic Lyapunov function is set up to guarantee the stability of closed-loop power system, and the power split between fuel cell and battery is controlled with the durability consideration. Finally, two real-time power management strategies, state machine control (SMC) and fuzzy logic control (FLC), are implemented to evaluate the performance of NAC-based strategy, and the simulation results suggest that the guaranteed stability of NAC-based strategy can efficiently prolong fuel cell/battery lifespan and provide better fuel consumption economy for FCHEB.     

我国中空吹塑行业发展现状及“十四五”期间重点产品、工艺和设备发展方向

从原料、中空成型机和吹塑工艺等方面介绍了我国中空吹塑行业发展现状，并对电子化学品专用超洁净桶、高压储氢四型瓶、全电动中空成型机、微发泡中空成型技术和挤吹聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）容器等在“十四五”期间的重点产品、工艺和设备发展方向进行了展望。     

Improving water retention of chicken breast meats by CaCl2 combined with pulsed electric fields

Frozen poultry meat is the most widely consumed animal-based food. However, water loss often leads to quality loss of poultry meat. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the combined effect of calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and pulsed electric fields (PEF) treatment on chicken breast meats and the mechanisms underlying protein degradation. The results showed that the synergistic effect was superior to the single treatment. Compared with the untreated group, the combination of CaCl₂ and PEF increased water holding capacity of chicken breast meats by 16.61% and decreased cooking loss by 28.93%. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) results indicated that the synergistic treatment promoted water molecules' binding capacity in myofibrils of poultry meat, which exhibited higher immobilised water. Additionally, the combination of CaCl₂ and PEF led to increased degradation of proteins of high-molecular weight and surface hydrophobicity of myofibrillar protein. Furthermore, the extension of the protein molecule and microenvironmental changes promoted interaction between protein and water. In conclusion, the synergistic treatment of CaCl₂ and PEF enhanced water retention and improved physicochemical properties of the myofibrillar protein in chicken breast meats.     

物料堆场智能化管理经验分享

华润水泥（罗定）有限公司根据物料储存需求，共有三个长堆棚分为9个室内料场堆放原材料及混合材，厂内有4台铲车无规则轮流在这8个料场内作业，同时外来运料货车、公司化验及验收人员也会不间断地进入不同堆棚。由于料场内空间狭窄，驾驶员视线不好，如果堆棚料场内铲车在作业时，有其他人员或车辆进入铲车工作区域共同作业，在没有检测装置对进入的人、车进行识别，提醒铲车驾驶员的情况下，容易发生碾压进入人员或车辆碰撞的安全事故。公司根据现场实际，自2020年起决定实施从堆场出入口智能红外感应技术、装载机车载识别系统、智能声光语音提醒、实时监控显示、照明、堆场硬件设施等五方面实施物料堆场车辆智能化安全预警系统项目。     

矿井电气自动化控制系统优化探究

随着煤矿产业的持续发展,矿井生产的自动化要求也不断提升,将PLC可编程技术应用到矿井电气自动化控制系统中,对于提升矿井综合效益意义重大。以此为着手点,以矿井提升机为对象,在分析PLC技术在提升机电气自动控制系统中应用的基础上,对电气设备单片机选型开展分析,同时总结了矿井提升机电气自动化控制系统的改造要求,希望能够为其他矿井相似工程的开展提供借鉴与参考。     

基于CAN总线的多通道开度阀控制系统的设计

针对现有电动阀门控制系统可嵌入性差的问题，设计了一种基于CAN总线的网络化、多通道、开度型阀门嵌入式控制系统。其中，上位机主要用于下达各阀门开度等控制指令并同时监测其工作状态，而下位机采用双MCU架构，主MCU用于控制各阀门的开度大小，从MCU负责采集开度反馈电流以实现闭环控制。下位机采用了模糊PID算法进行控制参数的动态整定，可满足阀门在不同工况下的控制精度要求，并通过OLED屏显示各通道阀门的实际开度值。实验表明,该控制系统运行稳定，能实现对多通道开度阀的精准控制，控制精度在0.6%以内，并支持远程上位机控制和现地控制等多种工作模式。     

Research on heat dissipation performance and flow characteristics of air‐cooled battery pack

With the depletion of fossil fuels and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the research and development speed of electric vehicles has been accelerating, and the thermal management of battery pack has become increasingly important. This paper selects the electric vehicle battery pack with natural air cooling as the study subject, conducts simulation analysis of the heat dissipation performance of battery packs with and without vents. Then this paper researches on the influence of internal flow field and external flow field. Field synergy principle is used to analyze the effect of velocity field and temperature field amplitude. The results show the following: it is found that the maximum temperature rise and the internal maximum temperature difference of the battery pack with vents are reduced by about 23.1% and 19.9%, raising speed value can improve the heat dissipation performance, and raising temperature value can decrease the heat dissipation performance. Reasonable design of the vents can make the inner and outer flow field work synergistically to achieve the best cooling effect. Then the reference basis for the air cooling heat dissipation performance analysis of electric vehicle, battery pack structure arrangement, and air‐inlet and air‐outlet pattern choosing are offered.     

动力蓄电池包挤压失效仿真与实验

为提高动力蓄电池包挤压仿真的精度，将延性损伤准则引入到有限元仿真，通过单轴拉伸试验、纯剪切试验与缺口件拉伸试验与有限元仿真，获得了某动力蓄电池包结构所用材料6061-T6铝合金的延性损伤参数。型材三点弯曲试验、动力蓄电池包挤压试验与有限元仿真的结果表明：输入延性损伤参数的有限元仿真结果与试验结果误差小，能较为准确地模拟铝合金损伤对结构承载性能的影响；不考虑材料失效的结果与试验结果误差较大。     

一种液压摩擦焊机电液系统研究与试验

针对海上石油平台、海底输送管线维修的需要,提供了一种液压摩擦焊机液压和电器系统设计思路,通过参数计算、电液控制系统设计,研发了一种液压摩擦焊机,通过对DH38钢摩擦叠焊单元成型工艺试验,发现焊接接头拉伸强度达到了母材强度的76%以上,验证了液压摩擦焊机的可靠性能,通过该研究的应用,可对海上石油平台、海底输送管线的维修起到积极作用。