Tactile colour pictogram to improve artwork appreciation of people with visual impairments

A recent development in tactile technology enables an improvement in the appreciation of the visual arts for people with visual impairment (PVI). The tactile sense, in conjunction with, or a possibly as an alternative to, the auditory sense, would allow PVIs to approach artwork in a more self‐driven and engaging way that would be difficult to achieve with just an auditory stimulus. Tactile colour pictograms (TCPs), which are raised geometric patterns, are ideographic characters that are designed to enable PVIs to identify colours and interpret information by touch. In this article, three TCPs are introduced to code colours in the Munsell colour system. Each colour pattern consists of a basic cell size of 10 mm × 10 mm to represent the patterns consistently in terms of regular shape. Each TCP consists of basic geometric patterns that are combined to create primary, secondary, and tertiary colour pictograms of shapes indicating colour hue, intensity and lightness. Each TCP represents 29 colours including six hues; they were then further expanded to represent 53 colours. Two of them did not increase the cell size, the other increased the cell size 1.5 times for some colours, such as yellow‐orange, yellow, blue, and blue‐purple. Our proposed TCPs use a slightly larger cell size compared to most tactile patterns currently used to indicate colour, but code for more colours. With user experience and identification tests, conducted with 23 visually impaired adults, the effectiveness of the TCPs suggests that they were helpful for the participants.     

Neuroscience and architecture: What does the brain tell to an emotional experience of architecture via a functional MR study?

Environment psychologically affects individuals. According to the base of cognitive psychology, there is a direct relationship between human behavior, environment, and emotional process. Assuming that pleasantness and unpleasantness are associated with peripheral nervous system activation, the current study aims to explore if the pleasant or unpleasant architectural places can stimulate the brain regions engaged in emotions or not. As the main contribution, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measuring blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) changes to effectively detect the brain's region that mainly responds to the emotional-perceptual processes. Based on the results of examining the emotional assessment model of “Pleasure-Arousal” applied to 140 students, 30 most-rated images representing 15 pleasant and 15 unpleasant places were shown to 32 participants in a 1.5-T MRI scanner. After applying standard preprocessing steps (re-alignment, slice-timing, co-registration, segmentation, normalization, and smoothing) to functional MR images, first-level analysis was applied to each subject. The results were evaluated using statistical corrections at different levels for female and male participants with the second-level analysis. In conclusion, it has been shown that there is a significant linkage between environmental experience and brain activation so that the architectural qualities can change blood flow in specific brain regions.     

SRS: Spatial-tagged radio-mapping system combining LiDAR and mobile-phone data for indoor location-based services

One of the most challenging issues in radio received signal strength (RSS)-based localization systems is the generation and distribution of a radio map with a coordinate system linked with spatial information in a large indoor space. This study proposes a novel spatial-tagged radio-mapping system (SRS) that effectively combines the heterogeneous properties of LiDAR and mobile phones to simultaneously perform both spatial and radio mappings. The SRS consists of synchronization, localization, and map building processes, and enables real-time spatial and radio mapping. In the synchronization process, the distance range, motion data, and radio signals obtained through the LiDAR and mobile phone are collected in nodal units according to the sensing time. In the localization process, a feature variance filter is used to control the number of features generated from LiDAR and estimate the positions at which the nodes are generated in real time according to the motion data and radio signals. In map building, the estimated positions of the nodes are used to extract spatial and radio maps by using a unified location coordinate system. To ensure mobility, the SRS is manufactured in the form of a backpack supporting LiDAR and a mobile phone; the usefulness of the system is experimentally verified. The experiments are performed in a large indoor shopping mall with a complex structure. The experimental results demonstrated that a common coordinate system could be used to build spatial and radio maps with high accuracy and efficiency in real time. In addition, the field applicability of the SRS to location-based services is experimentally verified by applying the constructed radio map to well-known fingerprinting algorithms using the heterogeneous mobile phones.     

5G核心网业务模型的智能化预测研究

摘 要：核心网业务模型的建立是5G网络容量规划和网络建设的基础，通过现有方法得到的理论业务模型是静态不可变的且与实际网络存在偏离。为了克服现有5G核心网业务模型与现网模型适配性较差以及规划设备无法满足用户实际业务需求的问题，提出了一种长短期记忆（long short-term memory，LSTM）网络与卷积LSTM （convolution LSTM，ConvLSTM）网络双通道融合的 5G 核心网业务模型预测方法。该方法基于人工智能（artificial intelligence，AI）技术以实现高质量的核心网业务模型的智能预测，形成数据反馈闭环，实现网络自优化调整，助力网络智能化建设。     

一次野外重大活动饮食卫生保障的经验与借鉴

总结一次野外重大活动饮食卫生保障的针对性做法和经验，为以后遂行多样化任务提供参考。从食谱审查、从业人员卫生管理及培训、采购保管、加工制作、餐饮具消毒以及留样备检等环节严格把关，强化常态食品卫生监督；科学分析餐饮环节容易导致疫情传播的风险点，从人、物、环境和预案4个方面开展督导；针对野外食品加工及人员大规模长时间野外就餐，指导餐饮单元选址开设、做好环境卫生管理、保障加工用水及食材安全、保障运输前送环节的食品安全及人员就餐过程卫生、指导智能化餐厨设备使用。提高餐饮单位负责人及从业人员的食品安全意识；提高保障人员的卫生法律素质和专业技术能力，关注新的风险点。加强保障人员自身管理及从业人员的卫生管理，树立良好形象。     

Efficiency evaluation of healthcare services in China based on stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis and directional distance function

Evaluating the efficiency of healthcare services accurately can help in analyzing the rationality of inputs and outputs in such services. Considering the consistency and equity of assessment criteria, this study conducts the stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA-2) with a directional distance function to evaluate the efficiency of healthcare services in 31 provincial administrative regions of mainland China, as observed in 2018. We use SMAA-DDF to explore all the projection directions to the efficient frontier instead of a certain projection direction. We measure the maximum and average efficiencies for each of the 31 provincial healthcare services. Our empirical findings show that only seven provinces achieve optimal healthcare service efficiency; the eastern area performed the best, followed by the central, western, and northeast areas. Furthermore, the path along the projection directions is provided to help inefficient provinces improve their efficiency and obtain the best possible positions.     

小微数据包高效无线传输技术的发展和趋势

5G-NR和B5G系统都需能高效地支持小微数据包(块)的传输,且在不同的无线传输技术(如宽带或超低时延)之间快速灵活地切换。系统梳理和比较和小微数据包(块)相关的多种无线传输技术,如两步RACH、预配置授权和公共资源竞争等,分析它们对3GPP各个系统和各个RAN协议的影响和复杂度优劣等,并进一步展望其未来发展和应用趋势。     

基于用户体验的压路机操纵手柄交互品质研究

目的以压路机操纵手柄为对象,探讨交互品质研究方法,改进用户体验。方法对交互品质进行解析,由用户体验与交互品质的关联性,提出基于用户体验的交互品质研究方法;面向压路机操纵手柄典型任务进行用户体验研究,梳理压路机手柄的操作流程,并对交互行为进行聚类分析,结合语义分析构建用户体验词库,运用半结构式访谈与问卷调查,以定量与定性方法相结合对驾驶员的操纵体验进行调研;以专家研讨的形式进行驾驶员的操纵体验向交互特征的映射,构建交互特征集,进而对操纵手柄的交互品质进行分析与阐释。结果得出了压路机操纵手柄的交互特征与交互品质。结论通过用户体验可以映射交互特征,得到了交互品质,对于从交互品质的角度指导交互设计提供了借鉴。     

面向老龄化社会的产品服务系统设计赋能

目的 针对面向老龄化社会的产品及产品服务系统设计,将赋能的设计理念和价值引入其中,探索设计结果提升老年人能动性和参与性的赋能品质,为设计师开展设计赋能实践提供参考.方法 以设计教学中的学生设计方案作为研究材料,邀请设计研究者参与工作坊,对设计结果的赋能属性进行分析,并通过聚类获得类别化的设计属性,产生了能描述赋能品质的属性词汇表.结果 总结了包含5组形容词组的设计赋能品质集,这一集合包含"顺应性"和"激励性"两个面向.结论 研究结果为设计师进行老龄化设计提供了知识参考,有助于提升设计师的赋能意识.揭示了设计赋能充满矛盾性的品质,提出面向老龄化的设计赋能需要在"顺应"和"激励"之间找到平衡.     

Evaluation of bull fertility in Italian Brown Swiss dairy cattle using cow field data

Dairy bull fertility is traditionally evaluated using semen production and quality traits; however, these attributes explain only part of the differences observed in fertility among bulls. Alternatively, bull fertility can be directly evaluated using cow field data. The main objective of this study was to investigate bull fertility in the Italian Brown Swiss dairy cattle population using confirmed pregnancy records. The data set included a total of 397,926 breeding records from 1,228 bulls and 129,858 lactating cows between first and fifth lactation from 2000 to 2019. We first evaluated cow pregnancy success, including factors related to the bull under evaluation, such as bull age, bull inbreeding, and AI organization, and factors associated with the cow that receives the dose of semen, including herd-year-season, cow age, parity, and milk yield. We then estimated sire conception rate using only factors related to the bull. Model predictive ability was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation with 10 replicates. Interestingly, our analyses revealed that there is a substantial variation in conception rate among Brown Swiss bulls, with more than 20% conception rate difference between high-fertility and low-fertility bulls. We also showed that the prediction of bull fertility is feasible as our cross-validation analyses achieved predictive correlations equal to 0.30 for sire conception rate. Improving reproduction performance is one of the major challenges of the dairy industry worldwide, and for this, it is essential to have accurate predictions of service sire fertility. This study represents the foundation for the development of novel tools that will allow dairy producers, breeders, and artificial insemination companies to make enhanced management and selection decisions on Brown Swiss male fertility.