A passivity‐based simple adaptive synergetic control for a class of nonlinear systems

For a class of nonlinear systems with the representation {A(x), B(x), C} and where the system parameters and dynamics are unknown, a simple adaptive synergetic controller ensuring the asymptotic convergence of the system to a desired manifold is proposed based on the technique of simple adaptive control (SAC). It is well known that the design of the synergetic control (SC) law requires a thorough knowledge of the system parameters and dynamics. Such problem obstructs the synthesis of the SC law and the designer is prompted to pass through the estimation methods, which, in turn, poses a problem of increasing the computation time of the control algorithm. To cope with this problem, a solution is proposed by modifying the original SC law to develop an SAC‐like adaptive SC law without the need of prior knowledge of the system. The stability of the proposed adaptive controller is formally proven via the Lyapunov approach. Experimental application to a quadrotor system is given to validate the theoretical results.     

Visual Object Tracking and Servoing Control of a Nano-Scale Quadrotor: System,Algorithms, and Experiments

There are two main trends in the development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies: miniaturization and intellectualization, in which realizing object tracking capabilities for a nano-scale UAV is one of the most challenging problems. In this paper, we present a visual object tracking and servoing control system utilizing a tailor-made 38 g nano-scale quadrotor. A lightweight visual module is integrated to enable object tracking capabilities, and a micro positioning deck is mounted to provide accurate pose estimation. In order to be robust against object appearance variations, a novel object tracking algorithm, denoted by RMCTer, is proposed, which integrates a powerful short-term tracking module and an efficient long-term processing module. In particular, the long-term processing module can provide additional object information and modify the short-term tracking model in a timely manner. Furthermore, a position-based visual servoing control method is proposed for the quadrotor, where an adaptive tracking controller is designed by leveraging backstepping and adaptive techniques. Stable and accurate object tracking is achieved even under disturbances. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the high accuracy and stability of the whole tracking system.      

Battery power loss compensated fractional order sliding mode control of a quadrotor UAV

This work considers the fractional order control of a lightweight quadrotor under loss in the battery voltage. Since the outdoor brushless motors are driven via a pulse width modulation (pwm) scheme, handshaking between the dynamic model and controller is established at the pwm level and this constitutes a major contribution of the paper. The attitude control is achieved via fractional order sliding mode control (FSMC) scheme. Necessary stability considerations are presented and it is seen that FSMC is a good alternative for the control of unmanned aerial vehicles. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

基于包络切换的四旋翼吊挂无人机避障轨迹优化研究

考虑非圆避障区域以及吊挂载荷摆动导致的包络圆切换,开展四旋翼吊挂无人机避障飞行轨迹优化研究.首先,通过互补约束对拉紧-松弛系绳进行统一描述,建立了吊挂四旋翼无人机系统的整体动力学模型;而后,采用R函数建立了不同包络圆情形下的统一避障约束方程,使用碰撞检测算法计算包络圆与障碍物的距离,并通过非线性最优控制方法建立了吊挂无人机避障轨迹优化数学模型;继而利用Legendre-Gauss-Radau伪谱法将开环非线性最优控制问题离散为非线性规划问题,通过数值求解得到了吊挂无人机的最优运动轨迹.最后,通过数值仿真算例验证了所提出的轨迹优化算法的有效性.     

On Trajectory Tracking Model Predictive Control of an Unmanned Quadrotor Helicopter Subject to Aerodynamic Disturbances

In this article a model predictive control (MPC) strategy for the trajectory tracking of an unmanned quadrotor is presented. The quadrotor's dynamics are modeled using a hybrid systems approach and, specifically, a set of piecewise affine (PWA) systems around different operating points of the translational and rotational motions. The proposed control scheme is dual and consists of an integral MPC for the translational motions, followed by an MPC scheme for the tracking of the quadrotor's attitude motions. By the utilization of PWA representations, the controller is computed for a larger part of the quadrotor's flight envelope, which provides more control authority for aggressive maneuvering. The proposed dual control scheme is able to calculate optimal control actions with robustness against atmospheric disturbances (e.g. wind gusts) and with respect to the physical constraints of the quadrotor (e.g. maximum lifting forces or fixed thrust limitations in order to extend flight endurance). Extended simulation studies indicate the efficiency of the MPC scheme, both in trajectory tracking and aerodynamic disturbance attenuation.     

基于四旋翼飞行器的改进金字塔LK光流算法的研究

针对四旋翼飞行器在飞行过程的水平漂移问题,提出利用改进的金字塔LK光流算法予以改善.首先,通过VisualStudio2013仿真,确知改进的金字塔LK光流算法比传统金字塔LK光流算法对图像的速度信息提取精度更高.然后,再建立四旋翼飞行器的动力学模型,将两种光流算法导入MATLAB的仿真模型中,得出:四旋翼飞行器能有效根据改进的金字塔LK光流算法获得速度信息以降低水平漂移.最后,通过在轴距为430 mm的四旋翼飞行器的平台上进行飞行试验,结果表明:采用改进的金字塔LK光流算法能使四旋翼飞行器的水平漂移程度降低,可实现较为稳定的悬停.     

微小型四旋翼飞行器的研究现状与关键技术

微小型化是世界无人机发展的重要方向之一.对一种新颖的微小型四旋翼无人飞行器进行了介绍,综合了微小型四旋翼飞行器的概念和特性,然后主要从机构设计和飞行控制两方面介绍了世界微小型四旋翼飞行器的发展现状,详细叙述了小型四旋翼飞行器的发展技术路线.在此基础之上,进一步分析了相关的关键技术问题,并对未来发展、应用前景作了展望.最后介绍了某微小型四旋翼飞行器研究进展情况.     

四旋翼无人机姿态系统复合连续快速非奇异终端滑模控制EI北大核心CSCD

本文针对受多源干扰影响的四旋翼无人机姿态系统,基于复合连续快速非奇异终端滑模算法,研究了姿态指令变化率未知情况下的连续有限时间姿态跟踪控制问题.首先,基于四旋翼无人机姿态回路动力学模型,通过引入虚拟控制量实现姿态跟踪误差动态的三通道解耦;其次,分别针对各通道跟踪误差动态设计高阶滑模观测器,实现跟踪误差变化率和集总干扰的有限时间估计;最后,结合姿态跟踪误差变化率的估计信息,构建动态快速非奇异终端滑模面,并在控制设计中用指数幂函数代替符号函数以保证控制量连续.并且基于Lyapunov分析方法给出了姿态跟踪误差有限时间收敛的严格证明,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性.     

Adaptive prescribed time control for quadrotor formation with stochastic links failure

The formation control for multiple quadrotors subject to maintaining the formation configuration and collision avoidance in the situation of stochastic links failure is investigated in this paper. First, the distributed formation controller is designed, the position controller is developed to manage the desired formation of position, and the attitude controller is developed to control the translation and rotation movements of the quadrotor. Then, in order to avoid the collisions between multiple quadrotors and the obstacles, a potential energy function method is introduced into the quadrotor formation control combined with the nest adaptive control. Inspired by the design of event trigger controller, a communication compensation controller is designed to ensure the stability of quadrotor formation under the condition of random communication interruption and recovery. Moreover, a prescribed time function is designed, which means the convergence time of the formation system can be set in advance. The prescribed time stability of the formation control system is proved by Lyapunov theory. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness and superiority of this method.