以新发展理念引领高校专业基础课教学改革

以“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”为内核的新发展理念，是对马克思主义发展理念的继承和发扬，极具时代精神，富含问题意识，为高校思想政治教育发展、教育教学改革实践提供了强大的理论支撑。本文以“通信原理”为例，阐述了新发展理念在课程改革中的思路和方法，实现了思想政治教育与专业基础课程有机融合，为深化高校教学改革、创新人才培养模式提供了思路。     

Recent insights in synthesis and energy storage applications of porous carbon derived from biomass waste: A review

In the last few decades, global warming, environmental pollution, and an energy shortage of fossil fuel may cause a severe economic crisis and health threats. Storage, conversion, and application of regenerable and dispersive energy would be a promising solution to release this crisis. The development of porous carbon materials from regenerated biomass are competent methods to store energy with high performance and limited environmental damages. In this regard, bio-carbon with abundant surface functional groups and an easily tunable three-dimensional porous structure may be a potential candidate as a sustainable and green carbon material. Up to now, although some literature has screened the biomass source, reaction temperature, and activator dosage during thermochemical synthesis, a comprehensive evaluation and a detailed discussion of the relationship between raw materials, preparation methods, and the structural and chemical properties of carbon materials are still lacking. Hence, in this review, we first assess the recent advancements in carbonization and activation process of biomass with different compositions and the activity performance in various energy storage applications including supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and hydrogen storage, highlighting the mechanisms and open questions in current energy society. After that, the connections between preparation methods and porous carbon properties including specific surface area, pore volume, and surface chemistry are reviewed in detail. Importantly, we discuss the relationship between the pore structure of prepared porous carbon with surface functional groups, and the energy storage performance in various energy storage fields for different biomass sources and thermal conversion methods. Finally, the conclusion and prospective are concluded to give an outlook for the development of biomass carbon materials, and energy storage applications technologies. This review demonstrates significant potentials for energy applications of biomass materials, and it is expected to inspire new discoveries to promote practical applications of biomass materials in more energy storage and conversion fields.     

倾斜入射下的单截面平面度绝对检验

针对大尺寸光学平面的直线度的纳米级测量精度需求，提出了倾斜入射下单截面平面度绝对检验方法，实现了对超过相移干涉仪口径的长平晶绝对检验。利用棱镜转向实现倾斜入射角度的精密预标定，棱镜标定角度的精度高于圆光栅和图像分析等方法，可提高测量不确定度到0.0042 μm。对比了常规三面互检绝对检验结果与本方法的差异，在相同尺寸下，直线度误差仅为1.2 nm。在确认标定反射镜位置后，整个倾斜入射的干涉图调整过程将被完全集中到待测长平晶的工作面上，不需要再对反射平晶进行操作。调整长平晶时各个维度的操作互不干涉，可快速简便地得到测量结果。     

Omega-6支撑身体，Omega-3支撑大脑：均衡摄入对儿童大脑发育的影响（网络首发、推荐阅读）

人体大脑和身体的发育，需要从食物中摄取均衡的营养物质。人类大脑是区分人类和其他动物的特征。食物中的必需脂肪酸是机体组织结构和功能的必要组成部分。Omega-6（O6）亚油酸（LA6）是皮肤组织的组成成分，且是炎症、血栓形成、免疫和其他信号分子的前体；Omega-3（O3）α-亚麻酸（ALA3），特别是其长链代谢产物——二十二碳六烯酸（DHA3），是大脑、视网膜和部分神经组织中的关键组分。从富含LA6脂肪酸（缺乏O3脂肪酸）的植物籽中提取出的廉价而优质油脂，是20世纪的西方国家食品工业生产的主要脂肪来源。在代谢通路中，高浓度的LA6脂肪酸可拮抗O3脂肪酸代谢，造成O3脂肪酸不足，因此，在给怀孕动物的饲料中，只提供富含LA6但缺乏O3脂肪酸的油脂作为唯一的脂肪来源，会导致幼崽大脑发育不良。过去20~30年的研究表明，低含量LA6且含DHA3的油脂可改善大脑的功能。近年来的研究较多集中在营养因素对大脑发育的影响，最新研究数据表明，脂肪酸平衡对营养不良儿童的大脑发育尤为重要。世界卫生组织（WHO）越来越重视大脑的营养健康，通过其下属的食品法典委员会，建议用于治疗严重急性营养不良儿童的即食治疗食品中，使用含有均衡脂肪酸组成/构成的脂肪。同样，脂肪酸均衡对老年人可能也很重要。目前，业界已经有了调整油脂成分的方法，以确保脂肪酸均衡，从而维持人体整个生命周期的大脑健康。     

Mechanisms of Reciprocal Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)-Producing and Immune Systems: The Role of GnRH,Cytokines and Their Receptors in Early Ontogenesis in Normal and Pathological Conditions

Different aspects of the reciprocal regulatory influence on the development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-producing- and immune systems in the perinatal ontogenesis and their functioning in adults in normal and pathological conditions are discussed. The influence of GnRH on the development of the immune system, on the one hand, and the influence of proinflammatory cytokines on the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system, on the other hand, and their functioning in adult offspring are analyzed. We have focused on the effects of GnRH on the formation and functional activity of the thymus, as the central organ of the immune system, in the perinatal period. The main mechanisms of reciprocal regulation of these systems are discussed. The reproductive health of an individual is programmed by the establishment and development of physiological systems during critical periods. Regulatory epigenetic mechanisms of development are not strictly genetically controlled. These processes are characterized by a high sensitivity to various regulatory factors, which provides possible corrections for disorders.     

Labeling and Characterization of Phenol-Containing Glycopeptides Using Chemoselective Probes with Isotope Tags

Secondary metabolites are structurally diverse natural products (NPs) and have been widely used for medical applications. Developing new tools to enrich NPs can be a promising solution to isolate novel NPs from the native and complex samples. Here, we developed native and deuterated chemoselective labeling probes to target phenol-containing glycopeptides by the ene-type labeling used in proteomic research. The clickable azido-linker was included for further biotin functionalization to facilitate the enrichment of labeled substrates. Afterward, our chemoselective method, in conjunction with LC-MS and MSn analysis, was demonstrated in bacterial cultures. A vancomycin-related phenol-containing glycopeptide was labeled and characterized by our labeling strategy, showing its potential in glycopeptide discovery in complex environments.     

页岩气开采对环境的影响分析及对策建议

我国页岩气资源非常丰富,但勘探开发难度巨大。分析了页岩气资源大规模开发对水资源、大气环境、地质环境及周边环境产生的影响。提出了需要健全的页岩气开发的环境监管法规规范,只有制定好产业政策,加强对技术和开采原料的研究等,才能促进页岩气产业健康、快速发展,更好地服务于中国和谐社会的建设与发展。     

关于加快推动广西甘蔗产业绿色发展路径选择的研究

在国际食糖市场严峻的新形势下,笔者认为加快构建广西甘蔗产业绿色发展技术体系,是加快推动甘蔗产业绿色发展,提高广西乃至我国甘蔗产业质量效益竞争力的必由之路,本文提出6点对策措施,即:"必须抓好甘蔗生产保护区的划定与建设"、"必须转变甘蔗生产经营方式"、"必须加大甘蔗优良新品种的推广力度"、"必须加快推广甘蔗生产全程机械化技术"、"必须加大各项轻简高效农业绿色技术推广力度"、"必须进一步创新政策和服务措施"。笔者提出上述措施,以期为加快推进广西甘蔗产业绿色发展提供参考建议。     

5G网络在智能交通中的应用发展趋势分析

Along with the advent of 5G era, China's transportation industry for intelligent development enters into the fast lane. Based on the integration of communication technology, Internet of things technology, big data technology, cloud computing technology, ar- tificial intelligence technology and so on, the whole process and all-round intelligent control are carried out in traffic construction, traffic management, road transportation, traffic service and so on, so as to ensure smooth and safe travel and to provide good servic- es to road, railway, civil aviation, water transportation and other transportation networks. It is the important feature of intelligent transportation in the 5G era. This paper analyses the trend of application and development of 5G network in intelligent transporta- tion, which is the research basis of perfecting transportation service and the scientific basis of promoting the intelligent and modern development of transportation in China.     

空冷器用高压水清洗与雾化降温系统集成设计与开发

高压水清洗系统和喷淋降温系统分别是春季保持空冷器翅片表面清洁和夏季保证空冷器在高温下正常运行的2个重要辅助系统。针对喷淋系统的缺点研究了高压射流雾化技术,通过试验论证了高压水清洗与雾化降温系统集成的可行性和合理性。根据设计思路开发的集成系统已在山西某项目获得应用并取得了良好的使用效果,此高压水清洗与雾化降温集成系统中高压水发生装置及介质输送管路共用,产生的高压水射流雾化颗粒可达到60μm,夏季降温效果较传统喷淋降温效果大幅提升,水资源的利用率得到极大提高,系统性价比更高。