TEMPO氧化修饰的天然多糖纳米纤维增强复合材料及其功能化研究进展

纤维素和几丁质具有相似的结构，是自然界中储量丰富的两类天然多糖。经2, 2, 6, 6-四甲基哌啶氮氧化物(TEMPO)氧化修饰制备的纤维素和几丁质纳米纤维，不仅具有多糖类物质的良好亲水性、生物可降解性、生物相容性及丰富的官能团(羟基、羧基、乙酰氨基和氨基等)所带来的特定化学性质，而且还具有纳米纤维的纳米尺寸效应、大比表面积、高表面活性、高结晶度和手性液晶相结构等特点，已成为生物质纳米材料领域的研究重点之一。本文对TEMPO氧化修饰制备天然多糖纳米纤维的方法及剥离机制进行了总结，同时重点综述了TEMPO氧化修饰的天然多糖纳米纤维在薄膜、凝胶、导电、医用、电磁屏蔽及环境等复合材料的增强和功能升级等方面的研究进展，强调了纤维素和几丁质纳米纤维的官能团及纳米尺寸在复合材料中的增效机制。最后，对天然多糖纳米纤维的发展方向及其在各领域应用的机遇与挑战进行了展望。     

石油长输管道的建设与发展

石油是国家的重要能源,其安全稳定供应与国家安全、公共安全和人民群众的生活息息相关。长输管道是我国陆上石油的主要运输通道,长输管道的安全稳定运行直接关乎着石油的安全稳定供应。但在实际的建设过程中,由于路线较长、工程浩大,其质量要求也极高。必须采用科学的手段进行施工,并进行严格的监控控制。一旦施工中存在要求控制不严格问题便很容易导致工程拖期、质量下降,不但导致资金浪费,还会造成严重的安全事故,因此,对于类似问题必须予以重视。     

Feasibility study of large-scale mass customization 3D printing framework system with a case study on Nanjing Happy Valley East Gate

At present, the development and implementation of digital transformation are the keys to promoting high-quality industry development. The new digital fabrication method of robotic 3D printing is a research area being studied by many to tackle the issue of the declining productivity of traditional construction methods. Although many studies have been done, most of the current 3D printing projects are facing limitations in terms of scale. In order to bridge the gap, this article proposed a mass customization 3D printing framework system for large-scale projects. This article discusses how mass customization is made possible through the joint operation of the FUROBOT software and 3D printing hardware. By taking the east gate of Nanjing Happy Valley Plaza as a case study, the article demonstrates and studies the feasibility of the large-scale mass customization 3D printing framework system.     

粗根荨麻不同部位多糖的提取及其对巨噬细胞的调节作用

目的：研究粗根荨麻（Urtica macrorrhiza Hand.-Mazz.）不同部位粗多糖的含量及化学组成，初步评价其对巨噬细胞的调节作用。方法：利用热水提取、乙醇分级沉淀的方法分别制备粗根荨麻根、茎、叶粗多糖；通过高效液相色谱法分析其分子量及单糖组成；全波长扫描及红外光谱分析其结构特征；MTT法研究其细胞毒性；中性红染色法考察其对巨噬细胞吞噬活性的影响；Griess法和ELISA法分别检测其对巨噬细胞NO、TNF-α分泌的影响。结果：提取得到粗根荨麻叶（UML40、UML60），茎（UMS40、UMS60），根（UMR40、UMR60）共6种粗多糖，其中叶粗多糖得率最高为4.62%,UML40为占77.92%，茎粗多糖和根粗多糖得率分别为0.69%和1.13%；各粗多糖平均重均分子量从2.11 kDa到802.21 kDa不等，主要由D-Glc、D-Gal、D-Ara和D-GalA组成，但不同部位粗多糖的单糖组成摩尔比不同。此外，不同部位、不同分子量的粗根荨麻多糖免疫活性存在较大差异，其中UML40、UMS40、UMR40均能够显著活化巨噬细胞，促进其吞噬活性及NO、TNF-α...     

论携号转网行为的私法规制

以电信用户入网协议为切入点,电信用户的携号转网行为应受到《合同法》《消费者权益保护法》等私法规范的保护与限制。该行为引起的格式条款解释、合同终止、违约责任、损失赔偿等问题,不能仅靠《电信条例》等公法规范来调整。应当积极引导广大消费者用户以私法领域相关规定为依据,转变争议解决思维,拓宽纠纷处理途径,合理选择维权手段,以保护自身合法民事权益,与行业监管部门共同推动电信行业有序发展。     

是德科技率先发布适合当代半导体功率器件开发的关键参数表征解决方案

<正>提供Ciss、Coss、Crss、栅极电荷/栅极电阻测量和自动热测试是德科技公司(NYSE:KEYS)日前宣布旗下B1505A功率器件分析仪/曲线追踪仪发布重要增强,成为业界首个支持晶圆上和封装器件所有关键参数表征的解决方案,能够提升当代半导体功率器件开发效率。高效可靠的半导体功率器件是迅速发展的功     

Amination of biochar surface from watermelon peel for toxic chromium removal enhancement

Watermelon peel residues were used to produce a new biochar by dehydration method. The new biochar has undergone two methods of chemical modification and the effect of this chemical modification on its ability to adsorb Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution has been investigated. Three biochars, Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, were made from watermelon peel via dehydration with 50% sulfuric acid to give Melon-B followed by oxidation with ozone and amination using ammonium hydroxide to give Melon-BO-NH_2 or Triethylenetetramine(TETA) to give Melon-BO-TETA. The prepared biochars were characterized by BET, BJH,SEM, FT-IR, TGA, DSC and EDAX analyses. The highest removal percentage of Cr(VI) ions was 69% for Melon-B,98% for Melon-BO-NH_2 and 99% for Melon-BO-TETA biochars of 100 mg·L~(-1) Cr(VI) ions initial concentration and 1.0 g·L~(-1) adsorbents dose. The unmodified biochar(Melon-B) and modified biochars(Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA) had maximum adsorption capacities(Qm) of 72.46, 123.46, and 333.33 mg·g~(-1), respectively.The amination of biochar reduced the pore size of modified biochar, whereas the surface area was enhanced.The obtained data of isotherm models were tested using different error function equations. The Freundlich,Tempkin and Langmuir isotherm models were best fitted to the experimental data of Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, respectively. The adsorption rate was primarily controlled by pseudo-second–order rate model. Conclusively, the functional groups interactions are important for adsorption mechanisms and expected to control the adsorption process. The adsorption for the Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA could be explained for acid–base interaction and hydrogen bonding interaction.     

衡重式挡土墙地基承力不足的设计与施工方法

衡重式挡土墙具有良好的结构自稳性,能够减少开挖和回填量,在山区公路改扩建工程中应用较多.但是,受山区地形限制,衡重式挡土墙地基承力不足的情况也较为常见.该文主要分析在挡土墙基坑地基承载力以及基坑尺寸不足情况下衡重式挡土墙的施工方法:增设钢筋混凝土扩大基础及基础斜拉锚杆,并在该基础上修建挡土墙.经过长时间的监测,发现扩大的基础以及挡土墙墙身无裂缝,且几乎无沉降位移,能够有效保证挡墙的施工安全以及后期的安全使用,可为同类工程施工提供参考.