Optimisation of the spark plasma sintering process for high volume fraction SiCp/Al composites by orthogonal experimental design

Based on orthogonal experimental design (OED), the effects of the sintering pressure, sintering temperature and holding time on the mechanical properties of 50 vol% silicon carbide particle (SiCp)/2024Al composites prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) were investigated. The sintering pressure had the greatest effect on the density and bending strength of the material among these three factors, followed by sintering temperature and holding time. The optimised process conditions for producing the 50 vol% SiCp/2024Al were sintering at 550 °C for 5 min under 40 MPa, which resulted in a composite material with a density of 99.7% and good interface bonding with a comparatively high bending strength of 766.65 MPa. This work provides a promising method to produce high volume fraction composites that can meet high strength requirements.     

南京地铁中胜站明挖基坑降水设计与施工

针对南京地铁中胜站典型的二元化地质概化模型,分析承压不完整井在非稳定流和干扰状况下的工作机理,提出了一套相对完善的计算设计方法,计算结果与施工监测结果基本吻合。该方法可为类似工程的设计和施工提供参考。     

利用空间相关性的超短期风速预测

风速的空间相关性有助于提高其预测质量,特别是在风速突变的情况下。将"离线分类建模,在线匹配模型"的预测思路应用到利用空间相关性的超短期风速预测之中:通过历史数据的时序分析,识别其中各风电场风速存在空间相关性的时段;按其时序特征及其他的条件特征,将观察时窗内的风速序列划分为不同演化形态的样本子集;在离线环境下,分别根据各类形态的训练样本子集优化其专用的预测模型及参数;在线应用时,则根据当下窗口内风速序列的演化形态及相关的条件特征,按匹配所得模型及参数,根据参考风电场的实测数据预测目标风电场的风速。以实际的历史数据验证了所述方法的有效性。     

基于主成分分析的装配式建筑发展制约因素研究

首先确定装配式建筑发展的制约因素指标,包括6个一级指标和36个二级指标.然后基于调查结果采用主成分分析方法提取出技术、市场等六个关键制约因素大类并给出重要程度次序.最后从六个方面给出推进装配式建筑发展的对策建议,包括完善技术体系、改善市场环境、升级产业组织体系等.     

Experimental exploration of damage propagation in rocks using acoustic emission

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - The formation of geological disasters, such as earthquakes and rock bursts, is a process similar to avalanches. These sudden disasters are...     

砂土内微生物诱导碳酸钙结晶的检测方法研究

为了寻找砂土中微生物诱导碳酸钙结晶(MICP)过程的无损检测方法,采用3种粒径的砂子和两种浓度的胶结溶液进行了砂土的胶结试验,检测了砂土流出液的流量、p H值、尿素浓度和Ca2+浓度等化学指标变化情况,并对碳酸钙晶体的生成数量和分布进行了分析。试验结果显示:砂土流出液的流量和Ca2+浓度能够预测MICP过程中碳酸钙晶体的生成数量,p H值和尿素浓度能够预测MICP过程中尿素的水解程度;砂土中碳酸钙晶体的生成数量与注入的Ca2+总量呈现线性增长的关系,其线性系数可以通过砂土的粒径和胶结溶液的浓度表示,胶结后砂柱的碳酸钙分布并不均匀,小粒径的砂柱上部碳酸钙含量较高,而大粒径的砂柱下部碳酸钙含量较高。     

Microtopography‐Guided Radial Gradient Circle Array Film with Nanoscale Resolution

Distribution of multimaterials at arbitrary positions with nanoscale resolution and over a large area substrate is essential to future advances in functional graded materials. Such stringent requirements are highly beyond the reach of current techniques, although newly developed 3D printing technologies are addressed. Here, a radial gradient circle array film with the distribution accuracy up to ≈18 nm is fabricated by using microtopographic substrate. A mathematical model is developed to guide the distribution of position, size, shape, and type of materials on an arbitrary section for the given morphology of substrate. The periodic electrical and mechanical properties of the radial gradient circle film are identified, which can be beneficial for further functionalization and applications, such as gradient refractive index lenses, microcoils, and microantennas.     

亚/超临界环境下燃料的喷雾燃烧特性研究

采用高温高压定容燃烧弹系统对亚/超临界环境下燃料在纯氧中的喷射燃烧现象进行试验研究,通过高速相机和阴影法进行燃烧图像信息的采集,研究在相同的超临界温度下,正己烷和乙醚两种燃料喷射燃烧火焰特性随环境压力和喷油脉宽的改变而呈现的差异性。试验结果表明:在亚临界压力下,两种燃料在不同喷油脉宽下的燃烧时间均随着环境压力的升高而升高,火焰发展后期基本保持较为稳定的形态和亮度,符合传统的喷射燃烧过程。正己烷在临界压力点下火焰长度最短,形态较为规则;超临界压力下,火焰形态有稳定趋势但仍有轻微波动,且火焰长度略短于亚临界;喷油脉宽改变时,燃烧时间在临界压力附近呈现出不同的趋势。乙醚的燃烧时间随压力的升高而增大,在临界压力处达到最大值,后随着压力的继续升高而下降,不同压力条件下火焰形态略有差别。燃烧现象存在差异性主要是由于亚/超临界坏境下燃料的物性参数和破碎蒸发机理不同。     

The optimum titanium precursor of fabricating TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> compact layer for perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted tremendous attentions due to its high performance and rapid efficiency promotion. Compact layer plays a crucial role in transferring electrons and blocking charge recombination between the perovskite layer and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) in PSCs. In this study, compact TiO₂ layers were synthesized by spin-coating method with three different titanium precursors, titanium diisopropoxide bis (acetylacetonate) (c-TTDB), titanium isopropoxide (c-TTIP), and tetrabutyl titanate (c-TBOT), respectively. Compared with the PSCs based on the widely used c-TTDB and c-TTIP, the device based on c-TBOT has significantly enhanced performance, including open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, fill factor, and hysteresis. The significant enhancement is ascribed to its excellent morphology, high conductivity and optical properties, fast charge transfer, and large recombination resistance. Thus, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.03% has been achieved for the solar cells based on c-TBOT.