Healing Pattern Analysis for Dental Implants Using the Mechano-Regulatory Tissue Differentiation Model

(1) Background: Our aim is to reveal the influence of the geometry designs on biophysical stimuli and healing patterns. The design guidelines for dental implants can then be provided. (2) Methods: A two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model was developed based on mechano-regulatory algorithm. The history of tissue differentiation around eight selected implants can be predicted. The performance of the implants was evaluated by bone area (BA), bone-implant contact (BIC); (3) Results: The predicted healing patterns have very good agreement with the experimental observation. Many features observed in literature, such as soft tissues covering on the bone-implant interface; crestal bone loss; the location of bone resorption bumps, were reproduced by the model and explained by analyzing the solid and fluid biophysical stimuli and (4) Conclusions: The results suggested the suitable depth, the steeper slope of the upper flanks, and flat roots of healing chambers can improve the bone ingrowth and osseointegration. The mechanism related to solid and fluid biophysical stimuli were revealed. In addition, the model developed here is efficient, accurate and ready to extend to any geometry of dental implants. It has potential to be used as a clinical application for instant prediction/evaluation of the performance of dental implants.     

半纤维素基阿维菌素载药微囊的制备及性能

目前阿维菌素以高效性、无污染和低抗药性等特点而得到广泛应用，但是其稳定性较差，易降解导致使用量较大从而造成浪费。为解决上述问题，本文以半纤维素为基体，利用原位聚合法制备阿维菌素载药微囊（HDCM），通过制备条件、热降解性、储存稳定性和释放动力学研究，确定了HDCM的载药量、热稳定性及释放性能。结果表明，在芯壁比为1∶34（质量比），温度为65℃，pH为3.5的制备条件下，HDCM的载药量可达66.5%，粒径较小且分散均匀。HDCM的热降解性能和恒温热稳定性能较阿维菌素原药有所提高，最高热分解温度从261℃增加到272℃，阿维菌素原药10h后降解率达到12.1%，而载药量为66.5%的HDCM降解率仅为5.2%。HDCM的释放机理满足Fick扩散，阿维菌素原药在水中的累积释放率在12h之内达到83.8%，而HDCM的累积释放率在24h之后才有所增大，12h内其释放率仅为33.7%，表明HDCM具有极好的缓释性能。     

Ultralow-threshold wideband-tunable single-mode ultraviolet lasing from lanthanide-doped upconversion nanomaterials

Ultraviolet (UV) lasers with dynamic wavelength-tunability and high monochromaticity are crucial in a multitude of practical applications yet still remarkable challenges. Here, we show wide wavelength-tuning of single-mode UV lasing based on lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The rationally designed Yb³⁺/Er³⁺/Tm³⁺/Gd³⁺/Ce³⁺ co-doped multilayer UCNPs, which exhibits a broad gain spectrum with the full width of half maximum of around 57 nm in the UV regime, are developed. More importantly, by taking advantages of a diffraction grating as the tuning component, stable single-mode emission can be achieved in the UCNPs-based external-cavity-extended Fabry–Pérot laser at room temperature. Specifically, the lasing threshold is around 137 µJ cm^–2, which is two orders of magnitude lower than that in the previously reported articles. Precise wavelength-tuning from 310 to 363 nm can be realized by adjusting the Littrow angle. This achievement highlights a portable alternative to continuously wideband-tunable UV lasers and opens up new opportunities for constructing compact solid-state UV photon sources.     

改进卷积输入的端到端普通话语音识别

主流神经网络训练的交叉熵准则是对声学数据的每个帧进行分类优化，而连续语音识别是以序列级转录准确性为性能度量。针对这个不同，构建基于序列级转录的端到端语音识别系统。针对低资源语料条件下系统性能不佳的问题，其中模型使用卷积神经网络对输入特征进行处理，选取最佳的网络结构，在时域和频域进行二维卷积，从而改善输入空间中因不同环境和说话人产生的小扰动影响。同时神经网络使用批量归一化技术来减少泛化误差，加速训练。基于大型的语言模型，优化解码过程中的超参数，提高模型建模效果。实验结果表明系统性能提升约24%，优于主流语音识别系统。     

基于堆叠深度卷积沙漏网络的步态识别

提出了一种基于堆叠深度卷积沙漏网络的步态识别方法。为了解决人体建模中关节点准确定位的问题，采用基于深度卷积的沙漏网络来提取步态图上的关节点坐标，并计算肘关节与膝关节的角度作为运动特征。为了解决行走速度变化带来的影响，采用动态时间规整（Dynamic Time Warping）对特征序列进行距离计算。通过最近邻分类器对结果进行准确分类。该方法在公共CASIA-B数据集与TUM-GAID数据集上进行了验证并与其他方法进行比较，结果表明该方法有较高的识别率。     

管道清管器运行速度控制技术研究进展

随着对管道安全问题和降本增效理念的逐步重视，管道清管操作已成为全世界油气管道运行中必不可少的作业规程，清管器的运行速度是需要重点控制的参数之一，当其处于合理区间内时（原油管道1~5m/s，天然气管道2~7m/s），清管效果最佳。本文基于对管道清管数学模型的研究，首先论述了不同的被动控制方法，认为该方法较为灵活，应用广泛，对不同入口条件下清管器速度的准确计算是能否控制清管器速度处于合理区间的关键；然后对不同的主动控制方法进行了研究，研究表明：射流清管器速度控制的核心是旁通率的优选，其依赖于压降系数、皮碗与管壁间摩擦力的准确计算，建立简便可靠的摩擦力工程计算模型将有助于射流清管技术应用的进一步推广；最终本文对清管器智能调速技术进行综述和展望，指出发展稳定可靠的国产智能调速技术是未来重点研究方向。     

综合勘察在河南某坝址区隐伏断层判别中的应用

该文结合工程实例,采用地质测绘、物探、钻探和孔内测试等方法获取确切的实测资料,准确判断隐伏断层的空间展布、发育特征,并对比分析断层带及影响带与正常地层的物性差异,为工程设计提供了可靠的地质依据.该文对探测隐伏断层的方法探索具有一定的借鉴意义.     

基于壳聚糖多孔碳的制备及电容性能研究

以壳聚糖为碳源和氮源,采用预碳化处理和KOH活化两步法制备了壳聚糖多孔碳材料,考察了活化剂KOH用量对电极材料形貌、结构以及电容性能的影响。结果表明:当KOH与预碳化壳聚糖质量比为0.6∶1时,制备的多孔碳材料KOH-CTS-0.6具有最优的电化学性能。KOH-CTS-0.6具有大比表面积(1 348 m~2·g~(-1)),含有丰富的N、O元素(2.9%N和7.4%O)。在电流密度为0.5 A·g~(-1)时,KOH-CTS-0.6的比电容为235.2 F·g~(-1),显示出优秀的倍率能力;在电流密度为10 A·g~(-1)的大电流时,其比电容依然高达178.6 F·g~(-1)。此外,该材料还具有良好的循环稳定性,500次循环后比电容保持率为94%。