Preparation,electronic structure and optical properties of CoxLaMg1−xAl11O19 microcrystals

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Co-doped LaMgAl11O19 microcrystals were synthesized by a facile sol–gel method. The as-synthesized microcrystals were near hexagonal...     

镁改性活性炭强化活性污泥处理混合污水研究

基于序批式活性污泥法(SBR)工艺,将镁盐改性活性炭(MgO-PAC)与传统活性炭(PAC)混合而成MPAC材料,用于处理生活与工业混合污水。通过连续30 d的运行实验,探讨了MPAC材料对生活与工业混合污水中COD、NH4^+-N和TP的去除效果以及对污泥的比耗氧速率、沉降性能和微生物多样性的影响。结果表明,投加MPAC材料对污水中COD的去除率提升了12.7百分点,对TP的去除率提升了17.5百分点,对NH4^+-N的去除率超过86.4%。投加MPAC后处理效果更好的重要原因,在于MPAC使得活性污泥的沉降性能和比耗氧速率得到明显改善,也提升了污泥的微生物丰度。MPAC对活性污泥处理生活与工业混合污水具有强化作用。     

脆性岩石各向异性损伤和渗流耦合细观模型

采用细观力学方法提出一个岩石各向异性损伤和渗流耦合的细观模型。其中,岩石的损伤由裂纹的状态变量来表示,损伤演化通过裂纹扩展准则来定义,并采用细观力学的分析方法由含裂纹材料的自由熵推导出裂隙岩石的本构方程。同时可以假设：由于裂纹表面的粗糙不平,在裂纹扩展的同时将引起法向开度的产生,这是材料渗透系数变化的主要原因,根据上述假设及达西定律和微观层流理论,推导出岩石特征体积单元的渗透系数表达式,从而建立岩石各向异性损伤和渗流耦合的细观模型。模拟分析表明,提出的模型与试验结果吻合很好。     

旧住房成套改造在地铁保护区环境中的地基处理技术

针对城市旧住房成套改造贴扩建桩基施工邻近地铁,需将对地铁隧道的影响控制到零的施工难题,以上海愚园路1382～1388号房屋成套改造为例,对桩基选型、桩基施工技术、环境监护措施等3个方面进行着重研究,确定了钢管锚杆静压桩技术方案,并采取一定的技术措施将施工对地铁隧道的影响控制到几乎为零,施工效果较好,可供类似工程借鉴.     

计及信息不确定性的风电机组健康状态实时评估方法

运行工况识别作为风电机组状态监测与健康管理领域的重要环节,往往受到不确定信息以及高速实时数据流的影响,造成健康状态评估难以有效实施。在此背景下,文中提出一种基于Spark流式处理的健康状态实时评估方法。首先,采用大数据分析技术实现风电机组运行工况的空间划分;然后,在充分考虑风电机组监测信息不确定性的情况下,结合数据采集与监控(SCADA)历史运行数据,对基于高斯云模型和高斯云变换的健康状态评估模型进行训练,并以健康指数作为风电机组健康状态评估的指标。最后,将该评估方法应用在中国北方某风电场1.5 MW风电机组故障前的健康状态评估中。算例分析结果表明,该方法可监测到风电机组健康状态的变化趋势,初步实现了故障的早期预警。     

退火温度对IrO_2+ZrO_2涂层结构和电容性能的影响

采用热分解法在Ti基上被覆了IrO_2+ZrO_2氧化物涂层。通过XRD、SEM、EDX、XPS和循环伏安法等分析了退火温度对IrO_2-ZrO_2二元氧化物涂层的物相、表面形貌和电容性能的影响,引用非线性方程q~*(v)=A_1exp~(-v/t_1)+A_2exp~(-v/t_2)+y_0计算了涂层的内外活性点。结果表明:IrO_2-ZrO_2涂层的临界晶化温度为340~360℃,340℃退火的涂层物相为非晶结构,360℃退火,含有晶态和非晶态2种结构组织,其离子价态为Ir~(3+)、Ir~(4+)以及过饱和IrO_(2+x)(x0)。电容性能随着温度的升高呈先增大后减小变化,360℃退火的电极有最大的电容值,与其"非晶态/晶态"两相共存组织结构有关。涂层中质子迁移能力比电子导电能力对电容的影响要大,扫描速度对质子迁移的影响大于对电子导电的影响。     

Experimental study of gas permeability evolution in tight sandstone with damage and cracking along various stress loading paths

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - The evolution of permeability of tight sandstone was investigated under different stress states. A series of hydrostatic compression, triaxial...     

Damage formation and suppression in rotary ultrasonic machining of hard and brittle materials: A critical review

Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) combines diamond grinding with small-amplitude tool vibration, to improve machining processes of hard and brittle materials. It has been successfully applied to the machining of a number of brittle materials from optical glasses to advanced ceramics as well as ceramic matrix composites. The emphasis of this literature review was on formation mechanism and suppression methods of machining induced damages that truly limit RUM machining efficiency improvement of brittle materials. In this review paper, material removal mechanism and cutting force modeling of RUM of brittle materials were presented, as well as all corresponding roles in the damage formation process. The critical processing capacity of RUM machine tools was described, which guarantees the RUM effectiveness and consequently constitutes the boundary condition of processing parameters determination. Formation mechanisms of edge chipping, tearing defects, subsurface damages, and their interactive effects were summarized. Advances in damage suppression methods were also described, including optimization of processing parameters, tool design of low damage, and other methods such as rotary ultrasonic elliptical machining.     

厚松散层薄基岩坚硬顶板工作面覆岩破坏电法监测

掌握导水裂缝带发育高度对于厚松散层薄基岩煤矿工作面安全开采具有重要的意义。在煤层采动影响前,在工作面巷道向煤层工作面顶板施工1个仰孔,布置孔中电极电缆,形成钻孔电法监测系统。在巷道中连接并行电法仪器和钻孔电缆,数据采集方式称为AM法。随采煤工作面位置逐渐接近并进入钻孔控制范围,监测电极电流值和视电阻率值发生变化。结果表明:对潘北煤矿厚松散层薄基岩坚硬顶板工作面电法监测显示,弯曲下沉带电极电流值和视电阻率值较为稳定,受采动影响程度较小;导水裂缝带内,电极电流值明显下降,视电阻率值明显升高;顶板高度0~40 m采动超前影响范围可达410 m左右;工作面坚硬顶板砂岩地层为控制覆岩破坏的关键层,采空区上方坚硬顶板岩层垮落滞后工作面9~16 m;工作面导水裂缝带高度为37 m,导水裂缝带未发育到基岩面,风化砂质泥岩裂隙在采动应力作用下存在闭合现象。