三塘湖盆地中—下侏罗统煤层甲烷风化带划分

以三塘湖盆地中、低煤阶煤层含气量和主要气体成分为基础,结合盆地构造、沉积及水文地质特征,对汉水泉凹陷和条湖凹陷煤层甲烷风化带进行了划分,并对库木苏凹陷、马朗凹陷、淖毛湖凹陷和苏鲁克凹陷煤层甲烷风化带进行了预测。结果表明,三塘湖盆地甲烷风化带深度为400~1000 m.由于受东北冲断隆起带的影响,三塘湖盆地北部甲烷风化带浅于南部。沉积方面,盆地东部淖毛湖凹陷、马朗凹陷和条湖凹陷深湖—半深湖和辫状河三角洲成煤环境优于盆地西部汉水泉凹陷和库木苏凹陷扇三角洲成煤环境,盆地东部甲烷风化带普遍浅于西部;水文地质方面,条湖凹陷和马朗凹陷中开启性局部滞留水文地质单元形成的甲烷风化带浅于其他凹陷封闭性弱径流水文地质单元的甲烷风化带。初步预测马朗凹陷北部为下一步煤层气勘探开发的优势区块,条湖凹陷北部为下一步煤系气勘探开发的优势区块。     

Adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control for multiple nonholonomic UAV system with uncertainties and quantized input

An adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control approach is proposed for multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system with quantized input signals in this paper. The UAVs are described by nonholonomic kinematic model and autopilot model with uncertainties. An enhanced hysteretic quantizer is introduced to avoid chattering, and some restrictions are released by using a new quantization decomposition method. Based on backstepping technique and finite‐time Lyapunov stability theory, the adaptive finite‐time controller is designed for the trajectory tracking of the multi‐UAV formation. The nonholonomic constraints are solved by a transverse function. A transformation is introduced to the control input signals to eliminate the quantization effect. Stability analysis proves that the tracking errors can converge to a small neighborhood of the origin within finite time and all the closed‐loop signals are semiglobally finite‐time bounded. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is validated by simulation and experiment.     

Cathode plasma electrolytic deposition of Al2O3 coatings doped with SiC particles

Semiconductor particles doped Al₂O₃ coatings were prepared by cathode plasma electrolytic deposition in Al(NO₃)₃ electrolyte dispersed with SiC micro- and nano-particles (average particle sizes of 0.5–1.7?µm and 40?nm respectively). The effects of the concentrations and particle sizes of the SiC on the microstructures and tribological performances of the composite coatings were studied. In comparison with the case of dispersing with SiC microparticles, the dispersion of SiC nanoparticles in the coatings was more uniform. When the concentration of SiC nanoparticles was 5?g/L, the surface roughness of the composite coating was reduced by 63%, compared with that of the unmodified coating. Friction results demonstrated that the addition of 5?g/L SiC nanoparticles reduced the friction coefficient from 0.60 to 0.38 and decreased the wear volume under dry friction. The current density and bath voltage were measured to analyze the effects of SiC particles on the deposition process. The results showed that the SiC particles could alter the electrical behavior of the coatings during the deposition process, weaken the bombardment of the plasma, and improve the structures of the coatings.     

基于残差决策的自动飞行控制系统远程实时故障诊断

针对自动飞行控制系统结构复杂、关联部件众多,发生故障时诊断时间长,从而影响飞机运行效率的问题,提出一种基于飞机通信寻址报告系统(ACARS)的远程实时故障诊断方案。首先,分析自动飞行控制系统的故障特点,设计搭建检测滤波器;然后,利用ACARS数据链实时发送的自动飞行控制系统的关键信息进行相关部件的残差计算,并根据残差决策算法进行故障诊断及定位;最后,针对不同故障部件残差间的差异大、决策门限无法统一的缺点,提出基于二次差值的残差决策改进算法,减缓了检测对象的整体变化趋势,降低了随机噪声和干扰的影响,避免了将瞬态故障诊断为系统故障的情况。实验仿真结果表明,基于二次差值的改进残差决策算法避免了多决策门限的复杂性,在采样时间为0.1 s的情况下,故障检测所需时间大约为2 s,故障检测时间大幅降低,有效故障检测率大于90%。     

复杂炼油塔模拟的改进联立方程内外层算法

在内外层算法的基础上，采用联立方程思想将主塔、侧线汽提塔视为一个整体进行建模，并针对复杂炼油塔的特点对算法提出了改进。首先，由于传统内外层法简化的K值模型对组成的变化不敏感，在处理带有石油的体系时，容易出现迭代次数较多，甚至部分塔板温度更新异常的问题，因此采用了汽相分数加和式推导了简化的K值模型加权因子。其次，借鉴流量加和法思想，规定侧线汽提塔的塔底产品流量作为设计变量，增强了算法收敛的稳定性。为验证改进后算法的有效性，采用不同的算法对实际的常压塔进行了模拟，结果显示改进后的算法适合应用于复杂炼油塔的模拟计算。     

Highly efficient photocatalytic activity and mechanism of novel Er3+ and Tb3+ co-doped BiOBr/ g-C3N5 towards sulfamethoxazole degradation

Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX (X = Cl, Br, I) are considered to be an important p-type semiconductors in the photocatalysis applications. In particular, tetragonal BiOBr is considered as a stable photocatalyst due to its resilient absorption in the visible region with an band gap energy of 2.8 eV. In the meantime, lanthanide ions (with 3+ oxidation state) implies as conversion catalyst gained huge impact and remain a serious topic in materials chemistry. Here we synthesized upconversion photocatalyst mainly consists of BiOBr with the Er ³⁺ and Tb ³⁺ ions along with low band gap g-C₃N₅ for the improved photocatalytic performances. The synthesized Er³⁺/Tb³⁺@BiOBr-g-C₃N₅ heterojunction was systematically characterized by XRD, and FT-IR for the confirmation of the composite and their morphology were analysed with FESEM and HR-TEM analysis which revealed that the sheets of g-C₃N₅ were decorated by Er³⁺/Tb³⁺ loaded BiOBr microspheres. The XPS analysis confirmed the suitable oxidation state of all the individual elements existing in the composite. As the UV-DRS analysis showed that the band gap of the Er³⁺/Tb³⁺ BiOBr-gC₃N₅ heterojunction was narrowed to 2.64 eV. To evaluate the photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized g-C₃N₅, Er³⁺/Tb³⁺@BiOBr and Er³⁺/Tb³⁺@BiOBr-gC₃N₅ heterojunction under the simulated visible light irradiation source towards the aqueous sulfamethoxazole degradation. The Er³⁺/Tb³⁺@BiOBr-gC₃N₅ heterojunction shows maximum degradation efficiency of 94.2% after 60 min of visible light irradiation whereas the pure g-C₃N₅ provided about 43.8% and Er³⁺/Tb³⁺@BiOBr implies 55.2% degradation efficiency. The plausible degradation mechanism of pollutant removal was proposed.     

Application of sequential quadratic programming based on active set method in cleaner production

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - On the platform of general chemical process simulation software (it was named Optimization Engineer, OPEN), a general optimization algorithm for...     

二氧化钛表面无机物改性修饰的现状与趋势

介绍了二氧化钛表面无机物改性修饰的作用、工艺研究的回顾和机理研究现状,归纳了代表性的改性修饰工艺,并对未来的发展趋势和研究思路提出了看法。     

冻土三轴流变特性试验研究与冻结壁厚度的确定

利用冻粘土试件进行了三轴蠕变试验，从而获得了复杂应力状态下的蠕变曲线。根据试验结果，建立了非线性蠕变方程来描述不同温度下冻粘土的蠕变特性。通过回归分析，得到了冻粘土蠕变参数的数值。根据冻土的流变理论，探讨了塑粘区的扩展规律，最后推导出了冻结壁厚度计算公式。同时，又进一步探讨了防止冻结管断裂的有效途径。