花状与颗粒状NiMn2O4纳米材料的制备及其超级电容性能

分别以尿素和氨水为沉淀剂，采用热溶剂法制备了多孔的花状NiMn₂O₄和颗粒状NiMn₂O₄纳米电极材料，采用 X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜和N₂ 吸附-脱附等手段对NiMn₂O₄材料的物相、形貌结构和孔径分布进行了表征，并通过循环伏安、恒电流充放电、交流阻抗等方法测试了所制备材料的电化学性能。研究了沉淀剂对NiMn₂O₄材料形貌、微观结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明：以尿素为沉淀剂的NiMn₂O₄是由纳米片组成的花状结构，纳米片厚度为50～60nm，比表面积为104m²/g。在 1A/g 电流密度下比电容为1614F/g，在5A/g电流密度下，尿素为沉淀剂的花状NiMn₂O₄材料经1000次恒电流充放电后其比电容可达初始值的89%。以氨水为沉淀剂的多孔NiMn₂O₄为直径约30nm的纳米颗粒结构，颗粒间团聚严重，比表面积为91m²/g。在1A/g电流密度下比电容为1147F/g，在5A/g电流密度下，氨水为沉淀剂的颗粒状NiMn₂O₄材料经1000次恒电流充放电后其比电容可达初始值的80%。尿素为沉淀剂的花状NiMn₂O₄具有优越的超级电容性能。     

Dynamic Passivation in Perovskite Quantum Dots for Specific Ammonia Detection at Room Temperature

Perovskite structured CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, or I) quantum dots (QDs) have attracted considerable interest in the past few years due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. Surface passivation is one of the main pathways to optimize the optoelectrical performance of perovskite QDs, in which the amino group plays an important role for the corresponding interaction between lead and halide. In this work, it is found that ammonia gas could dramatically increase photoluminescence of purified QDs and effectively passivate surface defects of perovskite QDs introduced during purification, which is a reversible process. This phenomenon makes perovskite QDs a kind of ideal candidate for detection of ammonia gas at room temperature. This QD film sensor displays specific recognition behavior toward ammonia gas due to its significant fluorescence enhancement, while depressed luminescence in case of other gases. The sensor, in turn‐on mode, shows a wide detection range from 25 to 350 ppm with a limit of detection as low as 8.85 ppm. Meanwhile, a fast response time of ≈10 s is achieved, and the recovery time is ≈30 s. The fully reversible, high sensitivity and selectivity characteristics make CsPbBr₃ QDs ideal active materials for room‐temperature ammonia sensing.     

基于混合蚁群算法的异质车队低碳VRP研究

针对货运车辆在配送调度过程中产生大量碳排放的问题，建立模型将多种影响碳排放量的因素协同优化。模型中考虑了不同载重量的异质车队，两个节点之间有多条道路的柔性路径，以及车辆重量随卸货而减少的动态负载等因素，以碳排放量、行驶时间和行驶路程为优化目标，并加入了节点需求时间窗、根据速度变化划分路段、交接和卸货时间的约束。提出了一种混合蚁群算法，利用蚁群算法信息素强度更新方式保持群体记忆性，利用粒子群算法的快速收敛特性增加计算效率。通过随机数值算例的仿真优化与对比分析，验证了算法和模型的有效性。     

数控机床切削过程中的动态特性测量方法北大核心

针对高速高精度切削加工过程中机床动态特性分析较为困难的问题,提出一种快速扫频正弦切削法来测量数控机床切削过程中的动态特性。该方法采用车削过程中的切削力作为激振力进行试验模态分析,主要通过以恒定的进给量切削正弦轮廓的圆柱形工件,并线性增加主轴转速,从而将切削力转化为数控机床频率响应函数的激励输入。结果表明:与传统的冲击测试方法对比,快速扫频正弦切削测试的共振峰柔度和频率均有所降低,分别降低了约6.7%和16.7%。此外,通过希尔伯特变换分析,观察到冲击测试和快速扫频正弦切削测试之间有很大的区别。在快速扫频正弦切削测试中,可以直接识别出切削过程中非线性的影响,为准确测量机床切削过程中的动态特性提供了理论依据。     

Grey Wolf Optimization Based Active Disturbance Rejection Control Parameter Tuning for Ship Course

International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems - It is important to control the ship course in complicated ocean environment. In this paper, a Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) based Active...     

The use of environmental scanning electron microscopy for imaging the microstructure of gels for profile control and water shutoff treatments

The use of gel systems as profile control and water shutoff agents has become a wide practice in recent years for oil recovery applications. But few systematic studies have been carried out on the microstructure of gels. In this study, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) was employed to investigate the microstructure of gels in their natural state. It was directly observed that a three‐dimensional network structure formed in chromium or zirconium crosslinked polymer gels is the same as organic/ inorganic crosslinked gels. However, there is a dense flat structure in phenol resin crosslinked polymer gels or phenolic resin gels. The differences between the microstructures can be attributed to the different crosslinking sites and crosslinking density, and this affect the gel's stability at reservoir temperatures. In addition, this paper also introduced the crosslinking mechanism and macro‐morphology of the bulk gels. It can contribute to a better understanding of the gel's microstructure. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39946.     

Inorganic microencapsulated core/shell structure of Al–Si alloy micro-particles with silane coupling agent

Al–Si eutectic alloy is a kind of ideal high temperature phase change materials (PCMs) because of its high latent heat and good heat transfer performance. However, it is difficult for Al–Si alloy to be safely applied because of its causticity and incompatibility. In this paper, an inorganic Al–Si/Al₂O₃ micro-particles core/shell structure was prepared by the sol–gel process with the modification of silane coupling agent. The direct evidence for the forming of the dense and stable α-Al₂O₃ shell layer, whose thickness is about 3–5 μm, is presented by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In terms of the analyses of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and thermogravimetry (TG), it is apparent that the silane coupling agent is successfully grafted on the surface of Al–Si alloy micro-particles, which promotes the condensation between boehmite sols and silanol groups. The latent heat of the encapsulated Al–Si alloy was 307.21 kJ/kg and decreased during the process of microencapsulation. The reasons for the reduction of the latent heat are the excess alumina sols and the depletion of Al–Si alloy.     

“高聚物加工工程”重点课程的建设与实践

高聚物加工工程是高分子材料与工程专业的核心课程,是将高分子材料变成实用制品的关键环节,也是东北林业大学重点建设课程之一。通过重点课程的建设,提升课程的教学质量,为创新型人才培养奠定课程基础。针对高聚物加工工程建设,从教学理念、教师队伍建设、教学内容整合与优化、课堂教学与实践教学相结合的角度对课程建设的探索与实践进行了总结。     

一次法混炼胶在半部件工序中的应用

通过一次法混炼(SSM)混炼胶在轮胎半部件各工序的使用,从流动性、膨胀系数、生热等方面,详细阐述了SSM混炼胶在使用性能上与普通混炼胶的差异。现场实践及数据收集和分析表明:SSM胶料在压出时胶料呈现出的膨胀率小,尺寸前后波动小;拉断强度、定伸强度大。SSM混炼胶混炼时对分子间力破坏小,门尼黏度高但是流动性好,胶料性能稳定,且生热较低。