苯乳酸抑制链格孢霉作用靶位的分析

以从自然腐败的樱桃上分离的链格孢霉（Alternaria sp.）LD3.0086为指示菌，研究苯乳酸对链格孢霉的主要抑制作用靶位。应用分光光度法测定苯乳酸对链格孢霉的最小抑菌浓度，通过卡尔科弗卢尔荧光增白剂染液（calcofluor white，CFW）染色观察苯乳酸对菌丝顶端生长的破坏作用，利用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察链格孢霉的超微结构变化，通过测定苯乳酸作用前后链格孢霉上清液中N-乙酰葡萄糖胺质量浓度变化研究苯乳酸对菌丝细胞壁的破坏作用，应用荧光双染色法观察苯乳酸对链格孢霉菌丝细胞膜的损伤作用。结果表明，12.5 mmol/L的苯乳酸能有效抑制链格孢霉的生长；与对照组（无菌水处理）相比，苯乳酸处理后链格孢霉顶端生长细胞无明显形变，经12.5 mmol/L苯乳酸处理的链格孢霉上清液中N-乙酰葡萄糖胺质量浓度基本不变；苯乳酸处理24 h，链格孢霉菌丝细胞壁表面无明显损伤，细胞内结构发生明显变化；苯乳酸短时间（4 h）处理链格孢霉，菌丝细胞膜仍较为完整，加入苯乳酸较长时间（8 h）后细胞膜发生破裂。综合分析可知，苯乳酸对链格孢霉的主要作用靶位应不是菌丝体的细胞壁和细胞膜，而是在菌丝体内部，通过破坏菌丝内部细胞器结构或引起细胞内的生化反应，从而抑制链格孢霉的生长和繁殖，发挥抑菌活性。     

熔融-固相缩聚法中固相聚合对聚乳酸合成的影响

以L 乳酸单体为原料 ,熔融 -固相缩聚法合成了聚乳酸 ,重点研究了固相聚合的工艺条件。结果表明 ,绝对压力 60Pa ,氯化亚锡为催化剂 ,分段控温 ,可使聚乳酸的粘均分子量提高到固相聚合反应前的 5 3倍。通过对固相聚合产物的结晶度和熔点的分析 ,探讨了固相聚合的机理。     

前景璀璨的新型生物降解塑料-聚乳酸

简要介绍了聚乳酸的一般合成方法、性质、应用，着重介绍聚乳酸在医药和医疗领域中的应用和世界范围内的市场发展概况。     

反应挤出合成聚乳酸与脱挥技术研究

主要介绍了反应挤出合成聚乳酸的技术特点和脱挥技术应用；分析了反应挤出合成过程中脱挥处理的关键点和影响因素。相比传统的聚乳酸合成技术，因其具有突出的优势，预计是今后聚乳酸合成发展的研究热点。     

Film Blowing of Biodegradable Polymer Nanocomposites for Agricultural Applications

Films for agricultural applications, such as greenhouses films or mulching films are generally made of polyolefins such as linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) or low-density polyethylene. However, the use of biodegradable and/or compostable polymers is increasing, which enjoy the additional advantage that they can be left on the site since a fine life would be gradually assimilated to the underlying soil. Nevertheless, biodegradable polymeric films often do not have suitable mechanical performances. In this work, biodegradable polymer-based nanocomposite films are prepared by film blowing and compared with traditional LLDPE based nanocomposites. In particular, a biodegradable polymer blend and two different inorganic nanofillers (an organo-modified clay and a calcium carbonate with a hydrophobic coating) are used for the preparation of the nanocomposites. A detailed investigation of obtained materials is performed through rheological, mechanical, and optical characterizations. Adding nanofillers led to an increase of rigidity and tear strength of blown films without negatively affecting their ductility.     

聚乳酸的熔融聚合法的改进研究

采用熔融聚合法合成聚乳酸,对实验条件进行了优化选择。筛选出SnC l2为最适宜催化剂进行熔融聚合。最佳工艺条件为:催化剂用量为0.5%质量分数,反应温度为180℃,反应时间7.5 h,同时利用搅拌与鼓泡真空法使缩聚后期体系粘稠大搅拌脱水困难问题进一步得到解决,使熔融聚合产物的粘均分子量Mη达83483。     

Characterization of the thermal properties of PLA fibers by modulated differential scanning calorimetry

Polylactide (PLA) has been melt spun to produce multifilament continuous yarns. The thermal characteristics of PLA filaments have been investigated using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). With MDSC, it is possible to separate the different thermal events and to analyze them more precisely. The influence of hot drawing on thermal properties of PLA filaments has been studied. Hot drawing promotes an increase of glass transition temperature (T_g) and a decrease of heat capacity. The cold crystallization spreads on a larger range of temperature and the peak occurs at a lower temperature. The initial degrees of cristallinity of PLA filaments have been calculated thanks to the reversing and non reversing curves of MDSC. Tensile properties of PLA filaments are also investigated.     

聚乳酸及其共聚物制备医用多孔材料的研究进展(Ⅰ)

详细介绍了20世纪80～90年代间,聚乳酸及其共聚物制备生物可降解医用多孔支架材料技术及其发展状况,并对各种方法所制备多孔支架材料的性状进行了分析和比较.     

阿司匹林聚乳酸／SiO2微球的制备及其体外缓释研究

应用自制的聚乳酸／SiO2材料为药物载体通过溶剂挥发法制备了阿司匹林微球，并对该微球的粒径、包封率、载药量以及体外缓释性能进行了研究。微球电镜图片显示粒径大小分布在15μm左右，符合缓释制剂要求。体外缓释研究所得Higuchi方程为Q=0．3598＋0．03t^1/2，相关系数P=0．9961，该结果显示所得微球具有明显缓释作用。     

Eco-friendly electronics,based on nanocomposites of biopolyester reinforced with carbon nanotubes: a review

ABSTRACT

Fabrication of electronic materials from nanocomposite of biopolyesters reinforced with carbon nanotubes can be regarded as the effective alternative for conventional nanocomposites consisting of non-biodegradable polymers. Commercial availability of biopolyester-based nanocomposites is limited because of their high cost compared to other polymers, but the factor of their compostable nature is worthless for environmental protection. Such nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable sensors, EMI materials, etc. In this review, the current progress of biopolyester/CNTs nanocomposites in the field of biodegradable electronics is reviewed and also the impact of CNTs dispersion on electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of eco composites is stipulated.