DCS的现状与发展趋势

叙述ＤＣＳ的进展。目前的ＤＣＳ正面临来自用户需求的挑战，为保住全球市场竞争优势，制造加工行业用户需要建立集过程控制数据与商业信息于一体的ＣＩＭＳ。未来ＤＣＳ应具备服从国际标准的开放性和互换操作性。以ＩＳＰ现场总线为基础的系统结构可能成为未来的ＤＣＳ。提高应用水平有助于发展未来的ＤＣＳ     

扬州芍药

研究扬州芍药的栽培简史,明确扬州芍药的历史地位,通过对扬州芍药现状的了解,提出积极措施,努力恢复扬州芍药的园艺地位.     

云计算的应用与研究

近几年,IT界最流行的词非"云计算"莫属。虽然目前对于云计算的定义还没有一个统一的标准,但对于云计算的研究和开发已经进行得如火如荼,甚至许多公司已经推出了产品,IT界的巨头们如Google、Microsoft、Vmware正在不遗余力地推动发展云计算。对云计算的应用和研究现状进行总结。     

信息技术课堂中情境教学法的应用

情境教学法是教学中常的一种教学方法,本文根据信息技术的学科特点,结合教师创设的情景,阐述了信息技术课堂教学中情境的创设,以及在信息技术教学中的应用应该注意的几个问题。     

Investigating the validity of subjective workload rating (NASA TLX) and subjective situation awareness rating (SART) for cognitively complex human–machine work

Subjective workload and situation awareness measures, such as the NASA task load index (TLX) and the situational awareness rating technique (SART), are frequently used in human–system evaluation. However, the interpretation of these ratings is debated. In this study, empirical evidence for the measures' theoretical assumptions was investigated by comparing operators' ratings collected immediately after performing a scenario and ratings collected after operators' acquisition through a video review of the scenario, knowledge of actual system states. Eighteen licensed control room operators participated in the simulator study, running 12 relatively challenging scenarios. It was found that the interpretation of TLX items involving introspection remained stable after operators acquired factual scenario knowledge, while the interpretation of items involving the perception of external events, such as situation awareness and performance, depended on the operators' scenario knowledge. The result shows that operators’ ratings could discriminate between mental effort, performance, frustration, and situation awareness. No clear evidence for the SART index as a measure of situation awareness was found. Instead, a subjective situation awareness measure developed for this study was distinct from workload and related to operator performance, showing that this type of measure warrants future investigation of its validity. The study findings help in developing measurement procedures and interpreting subjective measures. Finally, the study reveals that informing operators about the scenario can provide useful subjective ratings of situation awareness and performance. Future research should include procedures for how to inform participants adequately and efficiently in subjective assessments.     

Analysis of information exchange activities to actualize and validate situation awareness during shift changeovers in nuclear power plants

Shift work situations occur in almost all safety‐critical organizations, and the investigations of some catastrophes like Chernobyl, Exxon Valdez, and the Gol/Legacy mid‐air collision indicated that shift work information exchange played an important role during the evolution of the situation before the accidents. Inadequate communications during shift changeovers challenged operators' work in the moments that preceded these accidents, because they got inadequate information about the current situation. Our research focuses on the information exchange activities (verbal, written, and nonverbal) of nuclear power plant control operators during shift changeovers. Our aim is to investigate how verbal exchanges and other representations enable operator crews to share information regarding the events that occurred in the previous shift to achieve adequate situation awareness. Our findings indicated the importance and richness of the information exchange during the shift changeover process to update and validate individual and collective situation awareness, showing that information adequately shared enables the ad hoc configurations of regulation loops and a safer use of simplified strategies that can be understood and be validated by other operators, reducing the occurrence of cognitive overloads and contributing to the construction of a common cognitive ground that enhances system resilience. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

超临界CO2萃取技术在天然香料工业中的应用与研究进展

分析了我国天然香料工业发展的形势及其应用新技术的必要性 ,论述了超临界CO2 萃取技术在天然香料开发中应用的现状及优越性 ,提出了应用超临界CO2 萃取技术进行天然香料开发的对策。     

我国色母粒的生产现状与发展趋势

本文介绍了我国色母粒的生产现状、存在的问题及今后的发展趋势,并提出了一些建议。     

A formal representation for context-aware business processes

A business process is a set of activities performed in a coordinated manner within an organizational and technical environment that is aimed toward a business goal. The flexibility of a process is related to an understanding of the unexpected events that occur when people, systems and resources interact and require adjustments. Thus, business processes must be designed to respond to information about different events and their specificity. This information defines what the literature calls “context”. To broaden the perception of context in the case of a business process, this work proposes an approach to characterize the context of a business process activity in a given domain through conceptual models structured in layers. A case study was conducted to evaluate the proposal, which provided evidence of the applicability of the model.     

面向自主Web服务的态势信息监视模型及其实现技术

为了应对互联网环境的开放性和动态性,需要加强传统服务的自主性并对其服务态势状况进行有效监视和管理,从而为自主Web服务的灵活应用以及适应调整提供有效支持。在传统的SOA架构基础之上,对Web服务进行了自主化扩展,提出了自主Web服务的态势模型及其监视架构,设计和实现了相应的软件平台,并开展了案例分析来验证模型和实现技术的可行性。