谈陶瓷装饰中的婴戏纹饰与西方艺术品中的儿童形象

婴戏纹饰即描绘儿童游戏时的画作,是中国人物画的一种,更是陶瓷装饰中常见的传统题材。其主要以儿童为主要绘画对象,表现儿童纯真,或借以其他物象,组成吉祥图案,在我国陶瓷绘画上广泛运用,有着深刻的社会形态特征和思想文化的背景。其始于唐代,兴盛于宋金,明清两朝日臻成熟,并延续至今。在西方艺术史当中,儿童形象大都通过神话人物或宗教相关的艺术品走进人们视野,用以表现某些宗教思想或精神诉求。本文主要探讨陶瓷婴戏纹饰在我国历史发展历程中的演变概况,以及笔者对我国陶瓷婴戏纹饰和西方艺术品中儿童形象横向对比下的一些思考。     

A place for Bobo in play therapy.

Some therapists hold that the Bobo and other aggressive toys should be excluded from the playroom as they elicit acting-out behavior that is transferred to the world outside the playroom. However, many therapists view the inclusion of these items as imperative elements that facilitate positive growth and maturation in the child. Interviews with authorities in the field of play therapy support the position that the inclusion of the Bobo is not only useful, but a therapeutic necessity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

School-Based Child-Centered Play Therapy with Hispanic Children: Outcomes and Cultural Consideration.

Hispanic children are the fastest growing segment of the population. Numerous factors place them at-risk for school success. This study examined the effects of Child-Centered Play Therapy (CCPT) compared to a curriculum-based small group intervention with 29 Hispanic children referred for school counseling due to behavior problems. Children were assigned to treatment groups by random drawing within grade levels. Treatment was provided by Hispanic bilingual counselors. Statistical analysis revealed that, according to parent report, children receiving CCPT showed statistically significant decreases in externalizing behavior problems, compared to the curriculum-based treatment group. Effect size calculations revealed that CCPT demonstrated a large treatment effect on externalizing behavior problems and a moderate treatment effect on internalizing behavior problems. Cultural considerations and recommendations for practice and future research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Intensive filial therapy with child witnesses of domestic violence: A comparison with individual and sibling group play therapy.

The rationale for utilizing filial therapy as a treatment intervention with child witnesses of domestic violence while residing with their mothers in a shelter facility is explored and the effectiveness of an intensive 12-session filial therapy parent training group, conducted within 2-3 weeks, is described (n=11; aged 4-10 yrs). Results of analysis of covariance revealed that child witnesses in the experimental group significantly reduced behavior problems prevalent in child witnesses and significantly increased their self-concept as compared to child witnesses in the non-treatment comparison group. In addition, t-test results showed that mothers who facilitated treatment of the experimental group scored significantly higher after training on both their attitudes of acceptance and their empathic behavior. Comparative analysis revealed that intensive filial therapy as facilitated by the children's mothers was as effective in reducing behavior problems as was intensive individual play therapy and intensive sibling group play therapy as facilitated by professionally trained therapists. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

通用USB接口设备控制器的研究

简要介绍了USB技术的发展与现状；详细论述了USB系统的硬件结构；深入研究了USB系统的特点；探讨了USB系统目前仍在的问题。     

Prenatal androgens and gender-typed behavior: A study of girls with mild and severe forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Gender-typed behaviors and interests were investigated in 26 girls, aged 2-10 years, affected with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and in 26 unaffected girls matched for age. Girls with CAH were more interested in masculine toys and less interested in feminine toys and were more likely to report having male playmates and to wish for masculine careers. Parents of girls with CAH rated their daughters' behaviors as more boylike than did parents of unaffected girls. A relation was found between disease severity and behavior indicating that more severely affected CAH girls were more interested in masculine toys and careers. No parental influence could be demonstrated on play behavior, nor did the comparison of parents' ratings of wished for behavior versus perceived behavior in their daughters indicate an effect of parental expectations. The results are interpreted as supporting a biological contribution to differences in play behavior between girls with and without CAH. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mapping the Characteristics of a 'Good' Play Therapist.

In this pilot study, concept mapping, a methodological approach combining qualitative and quantitative analytic strategies, was used to identify the therapist qualities, competencies, and skills necessary for effective play therapy outcomes as perceived by a sub-sample of 28 experienced play therapists who are members of the Association for Play Therapy (APT). The clusters associated with the therapeutic relationship and facilitative skills (e.g., empathy, warmth, and genuineness) were rated as the most essential skills to possess and also as the most difficult to develop. In contrast, the clusters associated with play therapy interventions and theories were rated as the least important skills to possess but as the easiest to acquire. The findings are discussed, with implications for therapeutic practice, research, and policy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

图像信息对句子语义理解与表示的有效性验证与分析

近年来,图像文本建模研究已经成为自然语言处理领域一个重要的研究方向.图像常被用于增强句子的语义理解与表示.然而也有研究人员对图像信息用于句子语义理解的必要性提出质疑,原因是文本本身就能够提供强有力的先验知识,帮助模型取得非常好的效果;甚至在不使用图像的条件下就能得出正确的答案.因此研究图像文本建模需要首先回答一个问题:图像是否有助于句子语义的理解与表示?为此,本文选择一个典型的不包含图像的自然语言语义理解任务:自然语言推理,并将图像信息引入到该任务中用于验证图像信息的有效性.由于自然语言推理任务是一个单一的自然语言任务,在数据标注过程中没有考虑图像信息,因此选择该任务能够更客观地分析出图像信息对句子语义理解与表示的影响.具体而言,本文提出一种通用的即插即用框架(general plug and play framework)用于图像信息的整合.基于该框架,本文选择目前最先进的五个自然语言推理模型,对比分析这些模型在使用图像信息前后的表现,以及使用不同图像处理模型与不同图像设置时的表现.最后,本文在一个大规模公开数据集上进行了大量实验,实验结果证实图像作为额外知识,确实有助于句子语义的理解与表示.此外,还证实了不同的图像处理模型和使用方法对整个模型的表现也会造成不同的影响.     

基于OPC UA的数据交互中间件的研究

针对基于DCOM配置的OPC数据集成方式存在配置复杂、需要更改防火墙或网闸设置等问题,设计了一种基于OPC UA的数据交互中间件,介绍了该中间件的结构及功能。该中间件实现了即插即用,只需通过简单配置,就可以跨越防火墙/网闸与OPC服务器进行安全的数据交互,可适用于大多数煤矿自动化子系统OPC服务器的数据集成。     

Modularized design for cooperative control and plug-and-play operation of networked heterogeneous systems

In this paper, a cooperative control analysis and design method is investigated for heterogeneous dynamical systems that may be of arbitrary relative degree or nonminimum-phase or both. To achieve consensus or cooperative stability, a negative value of input-feedforward passivity index is used to accommodate and analyze such systems, and the magnitude of the index value is also used as the impact coefficient to quantify the impacts of heterogeneous dynamics of these systems on their networked operations. Physical-system-level designs are explicitly carried out to make individual linear and nonlinear systems (which are either feedback linearizable or nonminimum phase of certain form) become passivity-short and to embed one pure integrator into their input–output dynamics. The network-level distributed control can simply be chosen without any knowledge of the heterogeneous dynamics but with only information of an upper bound on their impact coefficients. It is shown, using the impact equivalence principle, that these controls separately designed but implemented together always ensure either local or global consensus and that a global non-trivial consensus emerges if and only if the information network has at least one globally reachable node or is varying but cumulatively connected. The proposed methodology of fully modularized designs unravels complexity of analyzing and designing cyber–physical systems and enables their plug-and-play into networked operations.