Estimating long-term time-resolved indoor PM2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin using easily obtainable inputs

To evaluate the separate impacts on human health and establish effective control strategies, it is crucial to estimate the contribution of outdoor infiltration and indoor emission to indoor PM_2.5 in buildings. This study used an algorithm to automatically estimate the long-term time-resolved indoor PM_2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin in real apartments with natural ventilation. The inputs for the algorithm were only the time-resolved indoor/outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations and occupants’ window actions, which were easily obtained from the low-cost sensors. This study first applied the algorithm in an apartment in Tianjin, China. The indoor/outdoor contribution to the gross indoor exposure and time-resolved infiltration factor were automatically estimated using the algorithm. The influence of outdoor PM_2.5 data source and algorithm parameters on the estimated results was analyzed. The algorithm was then applied in four other apartments located in Chongqing, Shenyang, Xi'an, and Urumqi to further demonstrate its feasibility. The results provided indirect evidence, such as the plausible explanations for seasonal and spatial variation, to partially support the success of the algorithm used in real apartments. Through the analysis, this study also identified several further development directions to facilitate the practical applications of the algorithm, such as robust long-term outdoor PM_2.5 monitoring using low-cost light-scattering sensors.     

Decreased CD10-positive granulocytes for the differential diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are highly heterogeneous myeloid neoplasms, and a large number of patients are difficult to diagnose and classify by blood and bone marrow examination. As a surface marker of granulocyte, studies have shown CD10 can be used to define the degree of granulocyte maturation in MDS patients. However, whether it can be used for differential diagnosis of MDS and other hematological diseases remains inconclusive. To explore the value of CD10 for differential diagnosis of MDS, 60 newly diagnosed MDS, 20 aplastic anemia (AA) patients, and 35 iron-deficient anemia (IDA) patients were selected for this study. Bone marrow (BM) specimens were processed for surface marker analysis and labeled with pre-conjugated monoclonal antibodies. Stained cells were detected by flow cytometry. Our results indicated that CD10-positive granulocytes were significantly decreased in BM of MDS patients than AA and IDA patients, and the level of CD10-positive mature granulocytes was not associated with the clinical stages of malignancy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) areas under the curve (AUC) of CD10-positive granulocytes was 0.86 and 0.85, respectively, in MDS patients than the IDA group and AA group with good specificity and sensitivity. Further, CD10-positive granulocytes were increased after effective treatment. In conclusion, we found the decrease in CD10-positive granulocytes has a differential diagnostic value of MDS.     

Trajectories of knowledge economy in SSA and MENA countries

In the first critical assessment of knowledge economy dynamic paths in Africa and the Middle East, but for a few exceptions, we find overwhelming support for diminishing cross-country disparities in knowledge-based economy dimensions. The paper employs all the four components of the World Bank's Knowledge Economy Index (KEI): economic incentives, innovation, education, and information infrastructure. The main finding suggests that sub-Saharan African (SSA) and the Middle East and North African (MENA) countries with low levels of KE dynamics and catching-up their counterparts of higher KE levels. We provide the speeds of integration and time necessary to achieve full (100%) integration. Policy implications are also discussed.     

Coenzyme Q10: Novel Formulations and Medical Trends

The aim of this review is to shed light over the most recent advances in Coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) applications as well as to provide detailed information about the functions of this versatile molecule, which have proven to be of great interest in the medical field. Traditionally, CoQ₁₀ clinical use was based on its antioxidant properties; however, a wide range of highly interesting alternative functions have recently been discovered. In this line, CoQ₁₀ has shown pain-alleviating properties in fibromyalgia patients, a membrane-stabilizing function, immune system enhancing ability, or a fundamental role for insulin sensitivity, apart from potentially beneficial properties for familial hypercholesterolemia patients. In brief, it shows a remarkable amount of functions in addition to those yet to be discovered. Despite its multiple therapeutic applications, CoQ₁₀ is not commonly prescribed as a drug because of its low oral bioavailability, which compromises its efficacy. Hence, several formulations have been developed to face such inconvenience. These were initially designed as lipid nanoparticles for CoQ₁₀ encapsulation and distribution through biological membranes and eventually evolved towards chemical modifications of the molecule to decrease its hydrophobicity. Some of the most promising formulations will also be discussed in this review.     

调节性B细胞在自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者外周血中的表达及临床意义

目的: 探讨自身免疫性溶血性贫血（AIHA）患者外周血中调节性B细胞（Bregs）的表达及其在该病发病中的意义。方法:选择16例自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者和14例健康志愿者为研究对象，用流式细胞术分析外周血CD19+IL-10+调节性B细胞及CD19+CD24hiCD27+调节性B细胞的表达；ELISA方法检测培养上清液中IL-10的水平。结果:自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者外周血中CD19+IL-10+调节性B细胞、CD19+CD24hiCD27+调节性B细胞的表达分别为（1.27±0.39）％、（9.85±2.18）％，健康志愿者组分别为（2.92±0.71）％、（26.47±4.31）％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者细胞培养上清中IL-10的水平低于健康志愿者组（P<0.05）。结论:自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者外周血中CD19+IL-10+调节性B细胞及CD19+CD24hiCD27+调节性B细胞比例降低，提示调节性B细胞可能参与自身免疫性溶血性贫血的发病过程。     

最大塑性功原理在烧结体上限分析中的应用

最大塑性功原理又称第二塑性变分原理，在致密体塑性变形分析叶l是运用能量法进行变形力能计算的基础。本文从分析Drucker公设的亢要条件出发，证明了烧结体塑性变形最大塑性功原理的存在，片在该原理的荩础卜，推导出塑性变形的上限功率表达式，并以平面挤压条件下的上限法应用作为实例加以说明。     

9,10-二氰蒽合成方法的改进

以蒽为原料,经溴化和氰化两步合成了光敏剂9,10-二氰蒽(DCA)。从反应溶剂的选择及提纯方法等方面改进了DCA的合成方法,提高了溴化和氰化反应的收率。结果表明,溴化反应时,控制溴的滴加温度为30℃,收率可达95%;合成DCA时,采用连续抽提法提纯,以DMSO为溶剂,反应中生成的无机盐完全溶解,粗产物不经抽提DCA收率可达74%～75%;而选用N-甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂,DCA可与溴化铜形成配合物CuBr_2·DCA·CuBr_2,此配合物加热易分解,DCA收率达到93%。     

基于FPGA的ASI信号接收与发送的实现

提出了一种用FPGA芯片代替Cypress公司的CY78933和CY78923芯片来实现ASI信号接收与发送的方案，详细阐述了DVB—ASI接口的硬件组成与FPGA实现，该接口符合DVB—ASI的接口规范，可实现270Mbps的信号传输，已经得到实际运用。     

基于EPF10K30的ISA接口设计

随着计算机技术日新月异的发展。计算机控制已经深入到了各个领域，特别是在工业控制领域，计算机通过ISA总线与接口电路进行通信，然后由接口电路去控制被控设备，从而完成预期的控制工作．