光伏与光热发电发展前景对比分析

太阳能发电分为光伏发电和光热发电,两种发电方式有着诸多的不同之处。从发电方式、应用领域、储能方式、发电可调度性以及经济性等方面对两种发电方式展开对比研究,找出两者的优缺点,分析两种发电方式的发展前景。     

基于AADL的综合航电分区系统可调度性判定

综合模块化航电(IMA)系统中的分区系统提高了其可靠性和安全性,但在系统设计和实现过程中,应采用各种分析和验证方法确保系统的时间需求得到满足。为此,针对符合ARINC653规范的IMA系统,根据分区系统层级调度的特性,提出一种基于仿真的分区任务集可调度性判定方法。借助Cheddar工具及其自定义调度策略功能,使架构分析和设计语言(AADL)具有对分区系统进行建模的能力,并利用该工具对AADL模型进行仿真以判定系统的可调度性。实例分析结果表明,该方法能自动、准确、快速地进行可调度性判定,并以甘特图的方式绘制任务调度过程,得到直观、详细的结果。     

基于分区的航电系统调度分析工具实现

针对仅含纯周期任务集合、符合ARINC653多分区构架航电系统两级调度模型的可调度性判定问题,提出一种基于分区的航电系统调度分析工具。通过设定时钟变量模拟航电系统各分区中任务集调度过程,依据纯周期任务集及分区航电系统时间片分派特性确定仿真区间,设计优化的调度分析算法,判定航电系统分区级时间片分派的正确性及各分区中任务集的可调度性。测试及实例分析结果表明,该工具能自动、准确、快速地判定航电系统分区以及任务级调度模型的可调度性,并能以甘特图的方式绘制系统调度过程,较现有工具更为直观、高效。     

提高混合实时任务确定性的两级调度算法

为提高混合实时任务的确定性,提出了一种两级调度算法。先给出了调度算法的架构,通过增加一个调度模块实现周期性实时任务调度,非周期性实时任务则由系统内核调度。然后建立了任务模型,并对调度算法、任务集可调度性和抖动等进行深入研究。将提出的调度算法应用到基于Windows CE.NET的液压机控制系统中,分析了控制系统的硬件平台和任务划分。最后对调度算法进行验证,结果表明,该算法能保证混合实时任务的确定性,减小抖动,从而提高控制系统的精度。     

Development and integration of a concurrently executing interactive user interface for the I-STAT protable clinical analyzer: A case study in real-time systems integration

A novel real-time scheduler was developed to implement an interactive user interface for an existing state-of-the-art, hand-held blood analyzer. A software-timer-based scheduler was designed and implemented and guaranteed schedulability analysis performed to ensure that all hard execution deadlines could be met at run time. An execution bandwidth preservation mechanism that increases the robustness and predictability of the scheduler is presented. The paper is a case study that describes the design and development process from a point of view that emphasizes the importance of the systems integration issues that were encountered.     

基于排队论和时间需求分析法的实时系统时间行为分析*

针对目前广泛使用的固态优先级RMS调度策略,利用时间需求分析算法对系统中所有周期任务进行可调度性分析测试,保证其在临界点仍可以满足时限。利用排队论中的M/M/1/K排队系统,根据非周期事件接收缓冲和可延期服务器定量分析非周期事件的平均响应时间和系统异步事件丢失率,使之符合系统要求。     

时间约束工作流模型的可调度性分析算法

针对目前工作流管理系统对时间管理支持的严重局限，提出了基于Petri网的工作流时间约束建模方法，首先，将工作流网扩展为时间约束工作流网，然后分析了工作流程的时间特性，并提出了时间约束工作流网的可调度性分析算法，研究结果表明，所提出的建模方法能全面描述工作流的时间信息，对丰富工作流系统的时间约束建模理论具有重要的参考价值。     

基于延迟主动副版本的分布式实时容错调度算法

主/副版本备份技术是分布式系统常用的实时容错调度方法,然而传统的主动方式副版本即使在无处理机故障时也需要在备份处理机上完全运行,增加了处理机消耗.提出一种基于固定优先级调度算法的延迟主动副版本(deferred active backup-copy)备份技术,该技术通过尽量向后调度主动方式的副版本,并在主版本成功执行时终止副版本的执行来减少备份的冗余度.在此基础上,提出一种基于该技术的以最小化处理机数目为优化目标的启发式任务分配算法--基于延迟主动副版本的最佳适应算法DABCBF(deferred active backup-copy based best-fit algorithm).DABCBF在保证系统的实时性和容错能力的前提条件下,通过尽量减少主版本的最坏响应时间来最大程度地减少冗余,以节省处理机.最后通过仿真实验,证明了算法的可行性和有效性.     

Schedulability-Driven Communication Synthesis for Time Triggered Embedded Systems

We present an approach to static priority preemptive process scheduling for the synthesis of hard real-time distributed embedded systems where communication plays an important role. The communication model is based on a time-triggered protocol. We have developed an analysis for the communication delays with four different message scheduling policies over a time-triggered communication channel. Optimization strategies for the synthesis of communication are developed, and the four approaches to message scheduling are compared using extensive experiments.     

A Task Model to Reduce Control Delays

Industrial control applications are usually developed in two phases: control design and real-time system implementation. In the control design stage a regulator is obtained and later it is translated into an algorithm in the implementation phase. Traditionally, these two phases have been developed in separate ways. Recently, some works have pointed out the necessity of the integration of the control design and its implementation. One of these works reduce the delay variance of control tasks (defined as the control action interval (CAI) and data acquisition interval (DAI) parameters) splitting every task into three parts. The CAI reduction method highly reduces the delay variance and improves the control performance. This work shows how to evaluate these delays under static and dynamic scheduling policies. A new task model is proposed in order to reduce the CAI and DAI parameters, which implies an improvement in the control performance. The new task model will be implemented in a real process, and the experimental measurements will show how, effectively, the control performance is highly improved with the methods presented in this paper.