粘土/淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料的制备与性能研究

以少量淀粉和粘土等量替代炭黑,制备粘土/淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明:与炭黑/SBR复合材料相比,淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料撕裂强度和抗湿滑性能提高,伸张疲劳次数增多,定伸应力和耐磨性能大幅下降,且压缩温升增大;与淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料相比,粘土/淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料定伸应力和耐磨性能提高,压缩生热降低且抗湿滑性能较好。     

淀粉/SBR复合材料的吸水性对力学性能的影响

研究了淀粉／SBR复合材料以及淀粉／炭黑／SBR复合材料常温下浸水90d时吸水率和静态力学性能的变化，研究结果表明：淀粉用量增加，复合材料的吸水率增加；含20份淀粉的淀粉／SBR复合材料以及淀粉／炭黑／SBR复合材料在常温下浸水90d后，吸水率分别为8．5％和7．5％；淀粉的用量在20份范围内，随着材料浸水时间的延长，淀粉／炭黑／SBR复合材料的力学性能与纯SBR硫化胶和炭黑／SBR复合材料力学性能变化的趋势一致。材料的力学性能浸水30d内有所波动，当浸水至90d时，与未浸水时的相差不大。     

淀粉/炭黑/SBR/BR复合材料的性能研究

采用改性淀粉部分替代炭黑制备淀粉/炭黑/SBR/BR复合材料,研究间苯二酚-甲醛(RF)树脂或偶联剂KH-550改性淀粉对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明:偶联剂KH-550的改性效果优于RF树脂;RF树脂或偶联剂KH-550能够对淀粉和橡胶基体的界面起到增强作用;与加入RF树脂改性淀粉的复合材料相比,加入偶联剂KH-550改性淀粉的复合材料耐磨性能较差,但抗湿滑性能较好.     

改性淀粉对炭黑填充丁苯橡胶/顺丁橡胶并用胶性能的影响

用改性淀粉替代部分炭黑填充丁苯橡胶(SBR)/顺丁橡胶(BR)并用胶,考察了改性淀粉用量及偶联剂种类对混炼胶硫化特性及硫化胶物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响.结果表明,用改性淀粉替代部分炭黑可对SBR/BR混炼胶的硫化产生明显的延迟作用,但改性淀粉用量的变化对焦烧时间与正硫化时间影响不大;添加偶联剂KH-570或NDZ-201延迟了混炼胶的硫化过程,KH-550能大幅度地促进硫化作用,Si-69对于体系的硫化性能略有影响;随着改性淀粉用量的增加,SBR/BR硫化胶的拉伸性能、耐磨耗性均有所降低,但弹性、动态生热和滞后性能得到了明显改善,改性淀粉最佳用量为5～8份;各种偶联剂均可提高SBR/BR硫化胶的拉伸性能,硅烷偶联剂Si-69和KH-570对弹性和动态生热也略有改善,添加偶联剂KH-550改善了SBR/BR硫化胶的抗湿滑性能,但滞后性能变差,添加偶联剂KH-570或Si-69对SBR/BR硫化胶动态力学性能的影响较小,综合考虑,以添加偶联剂KH-570较好.     

淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料的性能研究

采用直接共混法制备淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料,并对其性能进行研究.结果表明,随着淀粉用量的增大,淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料的邵尔A型硬度、300%定伸应力和拉伸强度减小,拉断伸长率、拉断永久变形和阿克隆磨耗量增大,撕裂强度先增大后减小,滚动阻力和生热总体呈降低趋势,抗湿滑性能提高.     

偶联剂Si69包覆改性淀粉/炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料的性能研究

采用偶联剂Si69包覆改性的淀粉部分替代炭黑,制备改性淀粉/炭黑/天然橡胶(NR)复合材料,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明:与未改性淀粉/炭黑/NR复合材料相比,偶联剂Si69改性淀粉/炭黑/NR复合材料的加工性能改善,滚动阻力降低,物理性能、压缩疲劳性能和耐热空气老化性能提高,耐磨性能下降;改性淀粉在NR基体中的分散性改善。     

炭黑/蒙脱土/SBR纳米复合材料的性能研究

采用少量（0～5份）蒙脱土（MMT）等量替代炭黑，考察炭黑／MMT／SBR纳米复合材料的硬度、强伸性能、耐磨性能和耐屈挠龟裂性能。结果表明，随着炭黑／MMT并用比的减小，炭黑／MMT／SBR纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和耐屈挠龟裂性能明显提高，耐磨性能有所下降，但降幅不大。     

碳化淀粉包覆改性白炭黑/乳聚丁苯橡胶复合材料的性能

用淀粉糊对白炭黑进行改性得到碳化淀粉包覆改性白炭黑,将其填充乳聚丁苯橡胶(SBR),制得改性白炭黑/SBR复合材料,考察了淀粉含量对SBR混炼胶硫化特性、白炭黑在橡胶中的分散性及复合材料物理机械性能、耐磨性能、抗湿滑性、滚动阻力的影响。结果表明,随着淀粉含量的增加,SBR混炼胶的加工性能提高,白炭黑在橡胶中的分散性能得到改善,耐磨性能下降,抗湿滑性能基本不变; 当淀粉质量分数为5.0%时,改性白炭黑/SBR复合材料的物理机械性能最佳; 当淀粉质量分数为10.0%时,复合材料在应变小于10%时的滚动阻力高于未改性白炭黑/SBR复合材料。     

炭黑/黏土/丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料的性能

研究了用1份(质量,下同)或2份黏土替代5份或10份炭黑对炭黑/黏土/丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,用少量黏土非等量替代炭黑后,复合材料的物理机械性能变化不大;复合材料的耐磨性能随炭黑用量的减少而降低,耐屈挠疲劳性能随黏土用量增加而提高。当炭黑与黏土的填充量分别为45份和2份时,复合材料的物理机械性能和动态生热与填充50份炭黑时相当。     

少量不同填料对炭黑/丁苯橡胶复合材料抗疲劳破坏性能的影响及其机理

对于炭黑/丁苯橡胶复合材料,用5份白炭黑、黏土和淀粉分别等量替代炭黑,研究了复合材料在宽广应变范围(30%～100%)的疲劳破坏性能。结果表明,30%应变下,加入黏土胶料的疲劳寿命提高了1倍;100%应变下,加入白炭黑胶料的疲劳寿命提高了1倍;加入淀粉胶料的疲劳寿命下降。原因是由于在30%的应变下,加入黏土提高了复合材料的滞后能,而生热不大,且片层状黏土对裂纹扩展有较强的阻碍作用;加入白炭黑胶料的滞后能不变,由于白炭黑的粒径小于炭黑,抗裂纹能力提高,因而在所研究的应变范围内其抗疲劳破坏性能提高;由于淀粉的粒径是微米级的,且加入淀粉后复合材料的滞后能降低,因此其抗疲劳破坏性能降低。     

双金属稀土促进剂对丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶胎面胶的影响

通过配位反应制备得到双金属硫化促进剂二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锌镧配合物(ZnLaDC),在不添加传统活化体系氧化锌(ZnO)/硬脂酸(SA)的情况下,考察了ZnLaDC用量对丁苯橡胶(SBR)/天然橡胶(NR)胎面胶复合材料硫化特性及物理机械性能的影响,并与传统硫化体系二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锌(ZnDC)/ZnO/SA制备的硫化胶性能进行了对比。结果表明,随着ZnLaDC用量的增加,SBR/NR胎面胶复合材料的硫化特性、压缩疲劳生热性能及耐磨性得到有效提高,当ZnLaDC用量为5份时,复合材料的综合性能最佳。与传统硫化体系ZnDC/ZnO/SA制备的硫化胶相比,采用ZnLaDC制备的硫化胶具有更优异的静态力学性能及耐切割性。     

Effect of pulverized coal/carbon black hybrid fillers on mechanical properties and thermal stability of styrene butadiene rubber composites

Pulverized coal (coal) possesses a layered structure similar to graphite and is a potential reinforcing filler. In this paper, ball milling is used to reduce the particle diameter of coal. The coal is modified with KH-560 to obtain K-COAL and prepared K-COAL/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. In addition, carbon black (CB) is modified to obtain CB-Si69, K-COAL and CB-Si69 are added to SBR in different ratios to prepare COAL/CB/SBR composites. The results show that the addition of K-COAL can improve the vulcanization performance, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of SBR composites, but the reinforcing effect is weak. In the COAL/CB/SBR composites, the vulcanization and mechanical properties of the composites gradually increase with the increase of CB, while those of the thermal stability decrease. The tensile strength of the 10 phr COAL/30 phr CB/SBR composite is 24.1 MPa, which is elevated by 1105% and 205% compared with the pure SBR and 40 phr K-COAL/SBR composites, respectively. The composites maintain high elasticity while the tensile strengths are greatly improved, and the mechanical properties are significantly enhanced. In conclusion, this paper provides a reference for the clean utilization of coal and shows new possibilities for finding new fillers to replace CB.     

Influence of starch on the properties of carbon‐black‐filled styrene–butadiene rubber composites

The influence of starch on the properties of carbon‐black‐filled styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) composites was investigated. When the starch particles were directly melt‐mixed into rubber, the stress at 300% elongation and abrasion resistance decreased evidently with increasing starch amount from 5 to 20 phr. Scanning electron microscopy observations of the abrasion surface showed that some apparent craters of starch particles were left on the surface of the composite, which strongly suggested that the starch particles were large and that interfacial adhesion between the starch and rubber was relatively weak. To improve the dispersion of the starch in the rubber matrix, starch/SBR master batches were prepared by a latex compounding method. Compared with the direct mixing of the starch particles into rubber, the incorporation of starch/SBR master batches improved the abrasion resistance of the starch/carbon black/SBR composites. With starch/SBR master batches, no holes of starch particles were left on the surface; this suggested that the interfacial strength was improved because of the fine dispersion of starch. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed that the loss factor at both 0 and 60°C increased with increasing amount of starch at a small tensile deformation of 0.1%, whereas at a large tensile strain of 5%, the loss factor at 60°C decreased when the starch amount was varied from 5 to 20 phr. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

脲醛改性酶解木质素对丁苯橡胶阻燃性能的影响

以脲醛改性酶解木质素配合自制的微胶囊红磷(MRP)制得高分子膨胀阻燃剂,用傅里叶变换红外光谱和差示扫描量热法对其进行了表征,并将其添加到丁苯橡胶(SBR)中,研究了SBR的阻燃性能和力学性能。结果表明,脲醛改性酶解木质素在280℃附近出现了1个较强的吸热峰;随着改性酶解木质素或MRP用量的增加,SBR的阻燃性能提高;当改性酶解木质素用量为60份、MRP用量为10份时,或当改性酶解木质素用量为40份、MRP为12份时,SBR的阻燃级别均可达到FV-0级;SBR/改性酶解木质素/MRP共混物的燃烧残渣表面生成了连续而致密的炭层,孔洞很少且细小。当改性酶解木质素用量为40份时,SBR硫化胶具有最佳的拉伸性能;当MRP用量为10份时,SBR硫化胶的综合性能较好。     

酚醛树脂对淀粉/SBR复合材料结构和性能的影响

将自制的间苯二酚甲醛树脂（RF）用于改性淀粉糊，制备了原位改性的淀粉／SBR复合材料．考察了RF用量对复合材料微观结构及各项性能的影响。研究表明，添加少量（0．3份）RF可对复合材料的性能产生较明显的影响；随着RF用量的增加，复合材料的定伸应力、拉伸强度、撕裂强度进一步提高．且当用量在1．2份左右时．其综合增强效应可达到最佳效果。     

改性淀粉/炭黑/丁苯橡胶复合材料的耐疲劳性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂KH-550对淀粉进行改性,制备改性淀粉/炭黑/丁苯橡胶复合材料,并对其耐疲劳性能进行研究.结果表明:与未加改性剂的胶科相比,加入改性剂的混炼胶焦烧时间和正硫化时间缩短,转矩变化不大,硫化胶综合物理性能较好;当改性剂用量为1份时,复合材料的耐疲劳性能最好;复合材料的耐疲劳性能与其300％定伸应力、抗切割性能及应力松弛相关.     

Effects of hybrid filler networks of carbon nanotubes and carbon black on fracture resistance of styrene‐butadiene rubber composites

In this study, influences of hybrid filler networks of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon black (CB) on fracture resistance of styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) composites were well investigated. The spherical CB was partially substituted by fibrous CNTs in two different ways: unequal replacement (1 phr CNTs replacing 4 phr CB) and equal replacement (1 phr CNTs replacing 1 phr CB). The J‐integral tests were employed to evaluate the crack initiation and propagation resistance. The strain amplification and distribution near the crack tip was measured by digital image correlation to explore the fracture resistance mechanism. Results revealed that the fracture resistance was effectively improved by unequal replacement. Meanwhile, for unequal replacement, higher content of CNTs resulted in a weaker strain amplification factor and larger amplification area near the crack tip, which contributed to the improved fracture resistance. However, opposite trends were observed for equal replacement. A synergistic effect in fracture resistance of SBR composites between CB and CNTs was realized for unequal replacement. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:1425–1431, 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers     

甲基丙烯酸对氢氧化铝填充丁苯橡胶性能的影响

将甲基丙烯酸（MAA）用作Al(OH）3填充丁苯橡胶（SBR）复合材料的添加剂，结果表明，在高填充Al(OH）3的SBR中加入MAA可以较大幅度地提高其过氧化物硫化胶的力学性能。当Al(OH）3用量为150份（质量份，下同）时，随着MAA用量增加，SBR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度和定伸应力逐渐增大，拉伸强度和撕裂强度有较大幅度的提高，当MAA用量为20份时，随着Al(OH）3用量增加，SBR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度、定伸应力和撕裂强度逐渐增大，拉伸强度在Al(OH）3填充量为25份时最大，大量填充Al(OH）3的SBR硫化胶的阻燃性能较好，氧指数受MAA用量的影响较小，该SBR硫化胶亦具有良好的热空气老化性能。