MoO3对有机太阳能电池性能影响的研究

采用MoO3作为阳极缓冲层,制备了结构为ITO/MoO3/P3HT/C60/Bphen/Ag的有机太阳能电池器件,研究了MoO3薄膜厚度对器件性能的影响。采用常用的等效电路模型,仿真计算得到MoO3缓冲层对器件串联电阻的影响。此外,测试了器件的吸收光谱,研究了MoO3缓冲层对器件光子吸收的作用。结果表明,在MoO3厚度为1 nm时,器件的短路电流密度、开路电压和填充因子都得到了提高。MoO3可以改善电极和有机层的界面接触性能,能够有效降低器件的串联电阻,提高载流子的传输和收集效率;同时,MoO3缓冲层透过率高,不会对器件的光吸收效率造成影响。     

基于MoO3和Re-Bphen修饰有机太阳能电池性能的研究

有机太阳能电池(OSCs)的性能与材料及器件结构密切相关。以MoO3为阳极缓冲层,有机金属配合物Re-Bphen为阴极缓冲层,制备了结构为ITO/MoO3/CuPc/C60/Re-Bphen/Al的OSCs。在标准太阳光照条件下,当MoO3和Re-Bphen的厚分别为5nm和8nm时实现了器件的最佳性能,能量转换效率(PCE)和器件寿命均显著提高。结合器件结构,分析了工作机制。     

热处理对Rubrene/C70有机太阳能电池性能的改善

制备了ITO/MoO3(6nm)/Rubrene(30nm)/C70(30nm)/BCP(6nm)/Al(150nm)的PN结构和ITO/MoO3(5nm)/Rubrene(25nm)/Rubrene:C70(5nm)/C70(25nm)/BCP(6nm)/Al(150nm)的PIN结构有机太阳能电池(OSCs)。通过对两种器件进行热处理,研究热处理对OSCs性能的影响。实验表明,在热处理后,PN结构和PIN结构器件的短路电流密度分别达到了3.526mA·cm-2和5.413mA·cm-2,功率转换效率分别达到了1.43%和2.09%。与未经过热处理的器件相比,PN结构和PIN结构器件的短路电流密度、填充因子、功率转换效率分别提高了19.0%、7.1%、28.3%和4.8%、20%、24.1%。可见,热处理可以提高Rubrene/C70OSCs的性能。     

Bathocuproine作为缓冲层改善Rubrene/C70太阳能电池的性能

制备了结构为ITO/Rubrene/C70/BCP/Al的双层有机太阳能电池(OSCs),通过优化缓冲层BCP的厚度研究了BCP对OSCs性能的影响及其作用机理。实验发现,BCP厚为6nm时,器件的效率最高达到1.78%,同时获得了较大的开路电压0.901V。相对于没有缓冲层,器件的效率、短路电流、开路电压和填充因子分别提高了432.9%、74.8%、95.4%和55.5%。     

有机电荷产生层对叠层磷光OLED器件性能的影响

采用C60/pentanece作为非掺杂电荷产生层,并在其两边各插入Al和MoOs薄层作为C60和pentanece的电子注入层和空穴注入层,在此基础上制备了结构为ITO/NPB/mCP∶8wt％Ir (ppy) 3/TPBi/Al/C60/pentanece/MoOs/NPB/mCP∶8wt％Ir (ppy) 3/TPBi/Cs2CO3/Al的双发光单元叠层绿色磷光有机发光器件(OLED).实验表明,增加Al和MoO3电荷注入层,可有效改善有机电荷产生层的电荷注入能力,提高叠层OLED器件的发光亮度和电流效率.叠层器件的启亮电压明显低于单个器件的1/2,但电流效率是单层器件的两倍以上.当Al/C60/pentanece/MoO3的厚度分别是3、15、25和1 nm时,叠层OLED器件具有最佳的光电性能,其最大亮度和最大电流效率分别是7 920.0 cd/m2和16.4 cd/A.     

采用空穴阻挡层提高有机太阳电池效率的研究

为研究BCP对有机太阳电池的影响,制备了含BCP层的体相异质结电池,器件结构为:ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT+PCBM/BCP/LiF/Al。结果表明:BCP层起到了空穴阻挡和电子传输的作用,器件性能随着BCP层厚度的不同而变化,当BCP厚度为6nm时,其性能最好。     

周期性多发光层结构单色有机电致发光器件的研究

以具有高离化能的n型小分子材料PBD、BCP作为激子限制层,用交替沉积的方式制备了分别以Alq3/PBD、NPB/BCP为周期结构多发光层的绿光、蓝光器件.周期性多发光层结构的引入大大提高了器件性能,其中,具有双周期3发光层的绿光器件最大亮度和效率分别是常规器件的10.5倍和4.4倍,具有双周期双发光层的蓝光器件最大亮度和效率分别是常规器件的2.75和1.45倍.器件性能提高的主要原因是周期性结构的引入和多发光区域的划分增加了激子产生几率.同时,周期数对器件性能有重要影响.绿光、蓝光器件电致发光(EL)谱谱峰值基本稳定,半高谱宽出现了窄化.     

基于PIN结构的Rubrene/C_(70)太阳能电池的性能研究

实验制备了ITO/V2O5/Rubrene/C70:Rubrene/C70/BCP/Al的PIN结构有机太阳能电池(OSC),其中Rubrene、Rubrene:C70和C70分别作为P、I和N层。通过改变I层厚度,研究了I层对OSC性能的影响及作用机理。实验显示,I层厚为5nm时器件的功率转换效率η达到最大值为1.580%,同时获得了较大的短路电流密度Jsc为4.365mA·cm-2;相对PN结构器件,功率转化效率η短路电流密度Jsc和填充因子FF分别提高了40.3%、29.7%和8.2%。我们认为,I层中激子分离效率的提高导致了器件性能的改善。     

高效叠层有机电致发光器件

采用Cs2CO3:Alq3/MoO3作电荷产生层,制备出高效双单元串联型叠层有机发光器件.双单元叠层有机发光器件发光性能受电荷产生层MoO3的厚度影响很大.当MoO3厚度为30 nm时,叠层器件表现出最好的器件性能,最大电流效率达到14.5 cd/A.在相当宽的低电流密度范围内,30 nm MoO3叠层器件的电流效率是...     

高饱和度蓝色磷光有机发光器件

使用典型天蓝色磷光材料FIrpic作为磷光金属微腔有机发光器件（OLED）的发光层,以高反射的Al膜作为阴极顶电极和半透明的Al膜作为阳极底电极,采用空穴和电子注入层MoO3和LiF,制备了结构glass／Al（15nm）／MoO3（znm）／NPD（40nm）／mCP：Flrpic（30Ftm,7％）／BCP（20n...     

Enhancement of electron injection in inverted bottom-emitting organic light-emitting diodes using Al/LiF compound thin film

The inverted bottom-emitting organic light-emitting devices (IBOLEDs) were prepared, with the structure of ITO/Al (x nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Bphen (40 nm)/CBP: GIr1 (14%):R-4b (2%) (10 nm)/BCP (3 nm)/CBP:GIr1 (14%):R-4b (2%) (20 nm)/TCTA (10 nm)/NPB (40 nm)/MoO3 (40 nm)/Al (100 nm), where the thickness of electron injection layer Al (x) are 0 nm, 2 nm, 3 nm, 4 nm and 5 nm, respectively. In this paper, the electron injection condition and luminance properties of inverted devices were investigated by changing the thickness of Al layer in Al/LiF compound thin film. It turns out that the introduction of Al layer can improve electron injection of the devices dramatically. Furthermore, the device exerts lower driving voltage and higher current efficiency when the thickness of electron injection Al layer is 3 nm. For example, the current efficiency of the device with 3-nm-thick Al layer reaches 19.75 cd·A^-1 when driving voltage is 7 V, which is 1.24, 1.17 and 17.03 times larger than those of the devices with 2 nm, 4 nm and 5 nm Al layer, respectively. The device property reaches up to the level of corresponding conventional device. In addition, all inverted devices with electron injection Al layer show superior stability of color coordinate due to the adoption of co-evaporation emitting layer and BCP spacer-layer, and the color coordinate of the inverted device with 3-nm-thick Al layer only changes from (0.580 6, 0.405 6) to (0.532 8, 0.436 3) when driving voltage increases from 6 V to 10 V.     

On the Role of Bathocuproine in Organic Photovoltaic Cells

The effect of bathocuproine (BCP) on the optical and electrical properties of organic planar heterojunction photovoltaic cells is quantified by current–voltage characterization under 1 sun AM 1.5D simulated solar illumination and spectral response at short‐circuit conditions. By inserting a 10 nm BCP layer in an indium tin oxide (ITO)/subphthalocyanine (SubPc)/buckminsterfullerene (C₆₀)/BCP/Al thin‐film structure, an increase in power‐conversion efficiency from 0.05 to 3.0% is observed, mostly reflected in the enhanced open‐circuit voltage up to 920 mV. Furthermore, the incorporation of a 10‐nm BCP layer in an ITO/C₆₀/BCP/Al structure leads to an increase in built‐in potential from 250 to 850 mV, as demonstrated by electroabsorption. It is argued that BCP passivates C₆₀ such that a 10‐nm layer provides a sufficient buffer layer that prohibits Al contacting the C₆₀ where it would otherwise create donor states.     

Softening temperature on sputtered ZnO interfacial barrier layer for an efficient charge transfer P3HT/ZnO and better interfacial stability in plastic organic photovoltaic devices

We demonstrate the usefulness of RF magnetron sputtering ZnO thin film at softening temperature, as interfacial barrier layer in air stable flexible inverted organic photovoltaic devices. We investigate the influence of annealing on the ZnO crystallinity, on the ITO substrate morphology and charge transport at the ZnO/active layer interface. The photo-physical and structural characteristics of P3HT beside ZnO interfacial layer and the photovoltaic device performances were also studied using UV–vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and J-V characteristic. Finally, we study the interfacial stability of devices with and without ZnO interfacial layer in both normal and inverted structure OPVs. We show that under optimized sputtering conditions, higher order and orientation structure of P3HT, the ZnO thermally annealed beside active layer offers better efficiency of contact between the active layer and interfacial layer. We also show that ZnO annealed at a softening temperature of 180 °C is functional for both photovoltaic devices (rigid and plastic substrates), leading to improved performance and stability of plastic solar cell devices.     

Efficient double-emitting layer inverted organic light-emitting devices with different spacer layers

Double-emitting layer inverted organic light-emitting devices (IOLEDs) with different spacer layers were investigated, where 2,20,7,70-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-9,9-spirobifluorene (CBP), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen) and 4,40,400-tris(N-carbazolyl)-triphenylamine (TCTA) were used as spacer layers, respectively, and GIr1 and R-4b were used as green and red guest phosphorescent materials, respectively. The results show that the device with BCP spacer layer has the best performance. The maximum current efficiency of the BCP spacer layer device reaches up to 24.15 cd.A-1 when the current density is 3.99 mA.cm-2, which is 1.23 times bigger than that of the CBP spacer layer device. The performance is better than that of corresponding conventional device observably. The color coordinate of the device with BCP spacer layer only changes from (0.625 1, 0.368 0) to (0.599 5, 0.392 8) when the driving voltage increases from 6 V to 10 V, so it shows good stability in color coordinate, which is due to the adoption of the co-doping evaporation method for cladding luminous layer and the effective restriction of spacer layer to carriers in emitting layer.     

Design and synthesis of indole-substituted fullerene derivatives with different side groups for organic photovoltaic devices

A series of indole-substituted fulleropyrrolidine derivatives with different side groups on a pyrrolidine rings, including methyl (OIMC60P), benzyl (OIBC60P), 2,5-difluoroinebenzyl (OIB2FC60P), and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoroinebenzyl (OIB5FC60P), have been synthesized and used as electron acceptor in the active layer of polymer-fullerene solar cells to investigate the effect of various substitute groups on the electronic structures, morphologies, and device performances. Optical absorption, electrochemical properties and solubility of the fullerene derivatives have been explored and compared. The inverted photovoltaic devices with the configuration ITO/ZnO/Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT):[60]fullerene derivatives/MoO₃/Ag have been prepared including the reference cell based on the P3HT: methyl [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butylate (PCBM) blend films. All the devices properties were measured in air without encapsulation. We also investigated the effect of the thermal annealing on the crystallinity and morphology of the active layer and the device performance. The device based on the blend film of P3HT and OIBC60P showed a power conversion efficiency of 2.46% under illumination by AM1.5G (100 mW/cm²) after the annealing treatment at 120 °C for 10 min in air.     

Novel cathode buffer layer of Ag-doped bathocuproine for small molecule organic solar cell with inverted structure

2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (C₂₆H₂₀N₂), known as bathocuproine (BCP), is a commonly used cathode buffer layer in conventional structure organic solar cells (OSCs). We demonstrated that BCP layer can also be used as a buffer layer in inverted structure OSCs. Unfortunately, the device exhibited an anomalous kink in the current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics, namely, an S-shaped J–V curve, leading to a low fill factor and low power conversion efficiency (PCE). To improve device performance, Ag-doped BCP layer (Ag:BCP) was used to replace the BCP layer. The results showed that the Ag:BCP layer can eliminate the S-kink in the J–V curve, resulting in a large improvement of fill factor and PCE. The origin of the S-shaped J–V curve was demonstrated to originate from the charge accumulation at the fullerene (C₆₀)/BCP interface. On the contrary, the C₆₀/Ag:BCP interface has favorable electronic properties with beneficial gap states for the transport of free carriers. Together with the good conductivity of Ag:BCP layer and the smooth morphology properties, the device performance was greatly improved by Ag:BCP buffer layer.     

Fabrication,Optical Modeling,and Color Characterization of Semitransparent Bulk‐Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells in an Inverted Structure

Semitransparent inverted organic photodiodes are fabricated with a Baytron PH500 ethylene‐glycol layer/silver grid as the top electrode. Reasonable performances are obtained under both rear‐ and front‐side illumination and efficiencies up to 2% are achieved. Some light is shed on visual prospects through optical simulations for a semitransparent device of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and the C60 derivative 1‐(3‐methoxycarbonyl)propyl‐1‐phenyl[6,6]C₇₁ (PC70BM) in the inverted structure. These calculations allow the maximum efficiency achievable to be predicted for semitransparent cells based on P3HT:PC70BM versus the transparency perception for a human eye. The simulations suggest that low‐bandgap materials such as poly[2,6‐(4,4‐bis‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐4H‐cyclopenta[2,1‐b;3,4‐b′]dithiophene)‐alt‐4,7‐(2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) have a better potential for semitransparent devices. In addition, the color range recognized by the human eye is predicted by the optical simulation for some semitransparent devices including different active layers.     

BCP增透膜对顶发射器件发光性能的影响

制作了基于有机材料2,9-二甲基4,7-二苯基-9,10-菲咯啉（BCP）作增透膜的硅基顶发射有机电致发光器件,探讨了BCP增透膜对于器件亮度、效率等光学参数的改善以及对于器件光谱的影响,并结合微腔理论和转移矩阵理论进行了计算,验证了理论与实验结果的一致性。     

基于一维周期性金属-介质薄膜多波段高效吸收体的制备及其光学特性研究

通过热蒸发和磁控溅射方法在厚金属Ag反射层上制备了由一维周期性Ag金属薄层和MoO3/SiO2介质层组成的多波段吸收体。实验结果表明:随着周期数（N）的增加,吸收峰的个数也相应增加,且精确等于周期数。对于Ag薄层厚度为14 nm、MoO3层和SiO2层厚度分别为2 nm及135 nm的吸收体,实验测得在400~900 nm波长范围内的积分吸收效率从N=1时的29.4%增加到N=6时的57.2%,趋势与理论计算结果一致。此外,测量结果表明:吸收峰对入射角度及偏振不敏感。笔者还在柔性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯衬底上制备了多层吸收体,弯曲1 000次后仍基本保持原有的吸波性能。该吸收体在光伏和热辐射调控等领域具有潜在应用价值。