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《功能材料》2017,(5)
利用磁控共溅射方法在玻璃基底上制备出了Al掺杂Cu_3N薄膜,研究了其晶体结构、表面形貌、光学特性和电学特性。XRD结果表明Al掺杂没有引起峰位的明显变化,说明Al替代了Cu的位置或者进入晶界处,并且随掺杂含量升高,结晶度降低;扫描电子显微镜图像表明Al掺杂之后使得氮化铜晶粒形状变得不规则,晶界变得模糊,说明Al掺杂会抑制氮化铜晶体的生长;通过光学透射谱计算得到光学带隙,Al掺杂降低了氮化铜薄膜的光学带隙,并随着掺杂含量的增加而逐渐减小,实现了Al掺杂氮化铜薄膜光学带隙的连续可调,带隙减小源于Al外层电子的局域态进入氮化铜的带隙间,增加了中间态。同时四探针的测试也表明掺杂之后电阻率变小。 相似文献
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用直流磁控溅射方法,在氮气分压为0.5Pa、不同的基底温度下,于玻璃基底上制备了Cu3N薄膜。当基底温度为100℃及以下时,温度越高薄膜的结晶程度越好。当基底温度在100℃以上时,随着基底温度的升高,薄膜的结晶程度逐渐减弱,200℃时结晶已很弱,300℃时已完全不能形成Cu3N晶体。薄膜的电阻率随基底温度的变化不大,薄膜的沉积速率随基底温度的升高在18~30nm/min之间近似地线性增大,薄膜的显微硬度随基底温度的升高而略有降低。对基底温度为室温和100℃下制备的氮化铜薄膜进行不同温度下的真空退火,研究了它们的热稳定性。XRD测试表明,薄膜在200℃时开始出现分解,350℃时完全分解。比较在基底温度为室温和100℃下制备的样品,发现室温下制备的氮化铜薄膜比100℃下制备的氮化铜薄膜稳定。 相似文献
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以高纯铜和铝为靶材,氮气和氩气分别为源气体和工作气体,采用双靶共溅射磁控技术在单晶硅和石英片上制备了铝掺杂氮化铜(Cu3N∶Al)薄膜.对Cu3N:Al薄膜的表面形貌、晶体结构、光透射性能和电学性能等进行表征、分析.研究结果表明,掺杂Al原子进入Cu3N晶格空位;随着Al靶的直流溅射功率增大,Cu3N∶Al薄膜中Al含... 相似文献
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采用陶瓷靶直流磁控溅射,以玻璃为基底制备2.5wt%Nb掺杂TiO2薄膜,控制薄膜厚度在300~350 nm,研究了不同基底温度下所制得薄膜的结构、形貌和光学特性.XRD分析表明,基底温度为150℃、250℃和350℃时,薄膜分别为非晶态、锐钛矿(101)和金红石相(110)结构.基底温度250℃时,锐钛矿相薄膜的晶粒尺寸最大,约为32 nm.薄膜表面形貌的SEM分析显示,薄膜粗糙度和致密度随基底温度升高得到改善.薄膜的平均可见光透过率在基底温度为250℃以内约为70%,随基底温度升高至350℃,平均透过率下降为59%,金红石相的存在不利于可见光透过.Nb掺杂TiO2薄膜的光学带宽在3.68~3.78 eV之间变化.基底温度为250℃时,锐钛矿相薄膜的禁带宽度最大,为3.78 eV. 相似文献
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为了了解氮化银铬和氮化钨铬纳米复合薄膜涂层应用于微型钻头加工的潜能,采多靶材非平衡磁控溅射方式制备薄膜,分别将钨(W)和银(Ag)掺杂于氮化铬(CrN)中,形成氮化钨铬(Cr-W-N)和氮化银铬(Cr-Ag-N)纳米复合薄膜,研究其基本特性及涂层于微型钻头表面加工电路板性能.结果表明,虽掺杂Ag导致硬度降低,仍可改善微型钻头加工性能;掺杂W形成W2N化合物混杂于CrN中,因而整体涂层硬度增加,同时大幅提升微型钻头加工性能.经由本研究,确认氮化银铬和氮化钨铬纳米复合薄膜具备改善微型钻头加工电路板的能力. 相似文献
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采用酞菁铁(FePc)热解法在铜铬复合基底上制备碳纳米管(CNTs)薄膜,通过SEM、TEM、拉曼光谱等表征手段对不同基底上CNTs薄膜的生长情况进行了分析。研究结果表明,富铜(Cu)区存在束状团聚CNTs颗粒,其大小和分布密度在铬(Cr)含量为1%~3%(wt,质量分数)时,达到最大。富Cr区表面CNTs无束状团聚颗粒,且较富Cu区CNTs薄膜生长致密、平整。随着Cr含量增加,CNTs石墨化程度略有增高,其原因可能是石墨层包裹的铁(Fe)催化剂颗粒增多所致。基底Cr含量为3%的CNTs,其场发射电流密度达到460μA/cm~2,相比铜基底CNTs有较大幅度的提升。研究表明Cr含量对CNTs薄膜的生长调控具有显著作用。 相似文献
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通过脉冲激光法在石英玻璃基底上沉积了锡掺杂氧化镉(Sn-CdO)透明导电薄膜.X射线衍射,分光光度计和霍尔效应仪检测了薄膜的结构、光学和电学性能.结果表明Sn的掺杂提高了薄膜[111]方向的择优生长,而且促使了(200)晶面衍射角增大.Sn-CdO薄膜的光学禁带宽度随着Sn掺杂含量的增加而变宽.另外,适量的Sn掺杂可以明显改善CdO薄膜的电学性能,比如2.9 at% Sn掺杂CdO薄膜的电阻率是未掺杂薄膜的十二分之一,载流子浓度是未掺杂的十三倍.因而光学和电学性能的改良使得Sn-CdO薄膜作为透明导电材料具有重要的应用价值. 相似文献
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《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2018,113(9):1488-1506
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method. 相似文献
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A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils. 相似文献
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Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production ex-factory inspection trade 《中国标准化(英文版)》2008,25(1):24-25
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.…… 相似文献
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A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa. 相似文献
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The end of over unit products of more than Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits beer wine yellow wine fruit syrup wine others cover over % of the national top-branded liquor products.…… 《中国标准化(英文版)》2008,25(1):30
The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.…… 相似文献
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Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster. 相似文献
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On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.…… 相似文献
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N.A. Odintsova N.V. Ageenko K.V. Kiselev N.M. Sanina E.Y. Kostetsky 《International Journal of Refrigeration》2006,29(3):387
We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes. 相似文献
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David R. Smith F. R. Fickett 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》1995,100(2):119-171
Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability. 相似文献