海事卫星通信系统VoIP技术的应用分析

随着VoIP技术的发展,VoIP技术结合卫星通信网络的应用越来越广泛。Inmarsat卫星系统是地球同步轨道系统,网络传播时延大,卫星VoIP电话的语音通信是否可行值得研究。结合VoIP关键技术和海事卫星通信语音通信应用场景,探讨了基于Inmarsat卫星网络实现VoIP技术的方案,并分析出此方案下VoIP系统通话过程的单向时延为350 ms,低于ITU G.114的400 ms的要求。在实际使用环境中进行了测试和验证,结果表明,基于Inmarsat网络下实现VoIP的方案是可行的。该方案实现复杂度低,可以方便地实现Inmarsat网络与地面电话网之间的互联互通,也可以为我国自主研制的宽带卫星通信系统实现VoIP技术提供参考。     

基于队列管理和调度策略增强移动自组网的服务质量

基于802.11e草案中EDCF机制的区分服务和多队列技术，提出对时延敏感性业务设置时延界限，并根据队列中包的剩余生命时间进行调度。仿真结果表明，此方案减少语音业务端到端的时延，并且有效抑制了移动和多跳引起的队列拥塞现象，提高了Ad Hoc网络的整体性能。     

一种适用于Ad hoc网络的DCF协议自适应功率控制机制

该文对载波检测无线网络中的冲突干扰问题进行了分析,在此基础上提出了一种适用于Ad hoc网络的DCF协议自适应功率控制机制。该机制能根据各个接收节点的通信状况,自适应的调整接收节点的CTS帧发送功率和收方决定的数据帧发送功率。仿真证明,在DCF协议中引入该机制后,不仅能有效节省节点能耗,延长网络的生存时间,还能同时增大网络的频率空间复用度,提高网络的平均吞吐量。     

Ad hoc网络两种按需路由协议性能分析

Ad hoc网络是一种无需依赖于事先布设的基础设施,而仅依靠网络内部节点之间的协作,就能够完成节点间通信的网络。比较了Ad hoc网络两种主流的按需路由协议：动态源路由协议,自组网按需距离矢量路由协议。使用基于ns-2的仿真模型进行仿真,并通过分组交付率、平均端到端时延、标准化路由负荷、对两种按需路由协议进行评估。实验结果表明即使DSR和AODV协议都是按需路由协议,但它们采取的路由机制的不同,导致它们的性能表现的巨大差异。     

一种新型的Ad hoc QoS多播路由协议

无线自组织（Ad hoc）网络的应用环境要求其必须提供一定的服务质量（QoS）保证，然而，无线信道固有的特点及节点移动造成网络拓扑的频繁变化，使得在无线Ad hoc网络中支持QoS较困难。可以采用Ad hoc QoS多播（AQM）协议通过事先预约邻居节点以跟踪资源的有效性等措施来解决这一问题。通过考虑传输时延、丢失率、带宽要求、时延抖动、吞吐量等QoS指标，寻找满足特定QoS要求的路由，AQM协议可以明显地改善多播通信的性能。网络仿真结果表明AQM协议基本适合Adhoc网络。     

无线移动网络的协作通信方案研究

结合具体的无线Ad hoc网络,提出了机会性的根据网络实时状况选择最佳中继的协作MAC协议,并在NS-2仿真平台上实现,仿真结果表明,较常规的802.11 DCF协议,协作MAC方案有效地提高了网络的递交率。此外对采用RCPC编码协作的MAC协议进行了数值仿真。这些协议和方案可以直接或修改后应用于现有的Ad hoc等无线网络,在一定程度上可以实现跨层的机会协作通信和组网方案。     

IEEE802．11无线局域网络性能分析

无线局域网是目前无线通信领域中的主要通信网络之一，如何有效的分析IEE802．11无线局域网中的饱和吞吐率和接入时延一直是无线局域网中的研究重点．本文引入了一种新型的分析模型，分析了IEEE802．11DCF协议下Ad Hoc网络的饱和吞吐量，该模型不仅简单而且准确，有效地降低了分析方法的复杂度；同时本文还建立了一种有效的模型，分析了IEEE802．11DCF协议下Ad Hoc网络的接入时延．仿真结果表明所有的分析结果和仿真结果都很吻合，这说明了我们的分析模型是可行的．     

基于Ad hoc的按需路由协议DSR的优化研究与实现

无线Ad hoc网络是一种不需要基础设施的自组织和自管理网络,网络中所有的节点同时具有终端和路由器的功能。因此网络可以通过节点路由发现机制转发分组,并进行路由维护。文中对DSR(动态源路由协议)的路由发现过程进行了优化,并采用OPNET仿真软件对基于DSR协议的Ad hoc网络的路由开销和时延等关键参数进行了仿真统计,分析了改进后的路由协议对网络质量的影响。     

无线宽带自组织网络在应急通信中的应用

无线宽带自组织网络是移动Ad hoc网络与蜂窝网技术融合的产物,是一种多跳的Ad hoc网络。无线宽带自组织网络具有自组织、自管理、自适应、多跳、高带宽的技术特点,可以动态实现移动宽带接入,支持多种业务、无线定位等,逐渐成为宽带无线接入的研究热点。文章介绍无线宽带自组织网络技术的概念,重点分析其技术特点,与现有通信网络的融合及其在应急通信中的应用,最后对无线宽带自组织网络的前景进行预测。     

Ad-hoc网络中提供QoS支持的信道接入机制的改进

在移动Ad—hoc网络研究中，MAC子层是一个关键，受到关注的研究对象，其中研究如何在高负载情况下进一步提高MAC层的QoS性能是研究者关注的焦点。本文在AEDCF机制的基础上，引入新的基于信道条件的ACK率因子，提出了一种改进的动态自适应EDCF（I—AEDCF）机制，在新的机制中，退避时间和竞争窗口的更新依赖于ACK率因子，通过仿真实验可以看到，新的机制在网络负载重的情况下，减少了时延，提高了系统吞吐量，提高了系统的实时性要求。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.