纳米Fe3O4/聚苯胺复合粒子的制备及其磁性能研究

用水解沉淀法制备纳米Fe3O4,然后在其溶液中原位合成聚苯胺,得到纳米Fe3O4/聚苯胺复合粒子.通过XRD、TEM、JDM等测试对纳米复合粒子的形态、结构及磁性能进行了研究.实验制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子粒径为30nm左右,在其表面沉积聚苯胺后,复合粒子的粒径达到了50nm左右.与纳米Fe3O4粒子相比,纳米Fe3O4/聚苯胺复合粒子的XRD峰形变得更为明锐.纳米复合粒子的磁性能表现出软磁性,与纳米Fe3O4粒子相比,矫顽力减小为0,这可以大大减小材料的磁滞损耗和退磁难度,性能得到改善.     

白蛋白包覆纳米Fe3O4磁性粒子的制备与表征

目的：制备用于肿瘤靶向治疗的纳米级Fe3O4磁性粒子。方法：采用液相共沉淀法制备纳米Fe3O4颗粒,通过高温固化法使得白蛋白固化包覆磁性Fe3O4磁性粒子。结果：X-Ray衍射分析表明制得的纳米Fe3O4为反尖晶石结构,晶粒平均粒径为17．9nm;白蛋白包覆的磁性纳米粒子的平均粒径为341nm。结论：纳米Fe3O4及其白蛋白包覆的磁性粒孚可用作药物的载体,适用于肿瘤靶向治疗的进一步研究。     

油酸对微波水热法制备的纳米Fe_3O_4的影响

采用微波水热法制备纳米Fe3O4,并用油酸对其进行表面改性,获得油酸包覆的Fe3O4纳米粒子。利用XRD、FT-IR、TEM和振动样品磁强计对Fe3O4纳米粒子的结构、形貌、磁性能进行表征。结果表明:表面改性使得油酸分子中—COOH和Fe离子形成化学键;改性后的纳米Fe3O4粒子为粒度均匀的球形,具有良好的分散性,平均粒径约8nm;该产物具有超顺磁性,饱和磁化强度为61.8emu/g。     

微波辐射乳液聚合制备磁性高分子微球

用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米粒子,并用油酸和十二烷基硫酸钠对Fe3O4纳米粒子进行表面修饰,得到了稳定的水分散性纳米Fe3O4磁流体。在Fe3O4磁流体存在下,以苯乙烯和丙烯酰胺为单体,采用微波辐射乳液聚合法制备了Fe3O4/聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酰胺)磁性高分子微球,表征了磁性高分子微球的形态与结构,研究了磁性高分子微球的粒径、热稳定性、磁含量与饱和磁化强度。研究发现,在选定合适的聚合条件下,通过微波辐射乳液聚合法可以制得粒径为70 nm~80 nm、磁含量为18.2%的磁性高分子微球。     

Fe3O4纳米粒子的制备与超顺磁性

采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计对用化学共沉淀法制备出的纳米Fe3O4粒子进行了形貌、结构及磁性能表征.其中,红外和XRD测试结果表明制备出的Fe3O4粒子的物态和晶相结构;透射电子显微镜照片表明制备出的纳米四氧化三铁成球性好,且大部分四氧化三铁粒子的粒径在10nm左右;磁化曲线表明制备出的Fe3O4粒子无剩磁和矫顽力,具有超顺磁性.并且,将制备出的纳米Fe3O4粒子和块状Fe3O4的磁性能进行对比,探讨了Fe3O4由块状的亚铁磁性向纳米级的超顺磁性转变的原因.     

磁性SiO_2/Fe_3O_4复合粒子的制备研究

采用共沉淀法在硅酸钠溶液中将磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子进行包裹处理,得到表面包覆SiO2薄层的复合粒子,并通过XRD、TEM、穆斯堡尔谱、磁性能测试等手段对包裹样品进行了表征。实验结果表明,共沉淀法制备的复合粒子由磁性Fe3O4粒子核和外部的SiO2包裹层组成,复合粒子的粒径分布为介于20~30nm,包裹后的样品具有典型的铁磁性特征,比饱和磁化强度Ms为23.250emu/g。与单一的Fe3O4纳米颗粒相比,磁性SiO2/Fe3O4复合粒子除了具有良好的磁学性能、较小的矫顽力、较小的剩余磁化强度外,有着非常好的耐酸性和抗氧化性。     

磁性羧甲基化壳聚糖纳米粒子的制备与表征

以化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米粒子,壳聚糖经羧甲基化改性后接枝在Fe3O4颗粒表面,得到了磁性羧甲基化壳聚糖(Fe3O4/CMC)纳米粒子.利用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)及磁性测试对产物进行了表征.TEM表明Fe3O4纳米粒子被CMC包覆,粒径约10 nm;XRD分析表明复合纳米粒子中磁性物质为Fe3O4;FT-IR表明壳聚糖发生羧甲基反应以及在Fe3O4表面的接枝反应.Fe3O4/CMC纳米粒子具有超顺磁性,比饱和磁化强度25.73 emu/g,有良好的磁稳定性.     

CdTe@Fe3O4磁性复合纳米粒子的合成与表征

本文通过层层自组装技术（1ayer-by—layer,LBL）成功制备了CdTe@Fe3O4磁性荧光复合纳米粒子,并对其特性和应用进行了讨论．首先,采用化学共沉淀法,以NaOH为沉淀剂,Fe^2＋和Fe^3＋物质的量的比为1：2．在50℃水相中电磁搅拌30min,制备出具有磁性的纳米Fe3O4,然后表面修饰1,6-己二胺．通过透射电镜（transmission electron microscopy,TEM）对其进行观察,粒径在10nm左右．核壳cdTe@Fe3O4复合功能纳米粒子的合成表明：Fe3O4和cdTc物质的量的比为1：3,pH=6．0,温度30℃,反应时间30min为其最佳合成条件．通过TEM、紫外和荧光光谱对合成的纳米粒子分别进行了表征．cdTe@Fe3O4粒径在12～15nm,最大发射波长从530nm红移到570nm,而最大吸收波长则从530nm红移到535mm．结果表明,磁性Fe3O4表面成功覆盖了CdTe壳层．核壳型CdTe@Fe3O4磁性荧光复合纳米粒子的应用能够实现对DNA进行简便快捷的标记、传感和分离．     

强磁性纳米Fe3O4/SiO2复合粒子的制备及其性能研究

本文采用液相沉积法制备出了满足免疫磁珠用磁核的粒径和磁性要求的纳米Fe3O4/SiO2复合粒子.考察了不同的制备条件对复合粒子的粒径和磁性能的影响,并借助不同的分析测试手段对复合粒子的性能进行表征.结果表明:该复合粒子的最佳制备条件为正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)的浓度为0.6mol·L-1,Fe3O4/TEOS物质的量的比为5:1,反应温度为50℃,搅拌速度为800rpm;在此实验条件下制得的复合粒子的平均粒径在20nm左右,呈球形且分散较均匀,比饱和磁化强度为60.5emu·g-1.     

Fe3O4／羧甲基化壳聚糖纳米粒子的制备与表征

磁性壳聚糖纳米粒子可用于药物载体及废水处理吸附剂。以化学共沉淀法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子，壳聚糖先进行羧甲基化改性，再经碳二亚胺活化，包履在Fe3O4颗粒表面,透射电镜（TEM）表明，Fe3O4纳米粒子被CMC包履，粒径约10nm；X射线衍射（XRD）分析表明复合纳米粒子中磁性物质为Fe3O4；傅立叶红外光谱（FTIR）表明壳聚糖发生羧甲基反应；磁性测试表明，Fe3O4／CMC具有超顺磁性，饱和磁化强度25.73emu／g，且有良好的磁稳定性。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.