炼钢厂180t转炉短耳轴轴承更换方法

介绍了转炉全悬挂式倾动机构的形式,论证了转炉全悬挂式倾动机构短耳轴轴承更换方法,缩短了检修工期。     

中小型顶吹转炉氧枪设计中的几个问题

三孔喷头的结构形式、马赫数、小孔夹角和小孔间隙等参数的选择以及吹炼枪位的确定,是当前研究三孔喷头的几个重要课题。本文结合对喷头的冷态测定和转炉的吹炼实践,对上述问题进行了研究。三喉式喷头由于其结构合理,能有效地将氧气压力能转化成射流的动能。同时提出了目前中小型转炉广泛使用的单三式喷头的改进途径。结合射流冲力的衰减和实际吹炼枪位的数据找出了枪位同射流冲力的关系。可用冷态测定的射流冲力数据来指导转炉枪位的操作。在使用三孔喷头的情况下,转炉要顺利的进行吹炼,必须保证有适当的循环比(即射流的冲击半径同熔池半径之比)。小孔夹角和间隙是对循环比有影响的重要因素。     

用复合吹转炉不吹氩气生产低磷不锈钢

苏联新近顶吹氧和底吹天然气的转炉复合吹炼工艺,在10吨转炉上不用氩气进行了吹炼不锈钢的生产试验。所用10吨转炉装有三个缝隙式底吹风口和一支预吹三孔喷枪。利用缝隙式患吹风口取代传统的套管式风嘴,大大延长了使用寿命,气体一金属接触面增在,吹炼强度提高,促进了强烈的熔     

三点球铰吊挂转炉开发

“三点球铰吊挂”是指转炉炉体与托圈的一种连接形式,是用吊板将炉体吊挂在托圈上,并在吊板两端装有球铰轴承,详细阐述了这种连接形式的优越性,介绍了新开发转炉的其他几个特征,并指出这种结构最适合中小转炉,对我国的转炉发展也有一定的指导意义。     

三梯式小转爐炼钢

山西故县钢铁厂在大搞小土群炼钢中,创造了一种“三梯式小转炉炼钢”法。这种方法是把化鉄炉、转炉和铸钢锭三个工段,由原来的分段操作改为半连续生产,如图1所示: 三梯式小转炉炼钢的设备比较简单,主要设备如下: 1.每小时熔化300～350公斤的化鉄炉一座。 2.每炉可装鉄水80～120公斤的手摇土转炉一座。 3.铸锭车(系铁制平板车)一辆,车上装置钢锭模及底板。 4.活动式的出铁槽一个(图2)。 5.小转炉防护罩一个(用圆钢、角钢和铁皮接成长方形),罩住小转炉的两侧,以防护喷贱。 6.与小转炉及化铁炉相适应的风机各一台。在安装时,首先要选择地形,最好选用三级梯地(二级梯地亦可,第三级可挖成地壕),在第一级梯地     

转炉二次除尘新技术在改造项目中的应用

介绍了转炉二次除尘新技术的研发背景,结合宝钢二炼钢转炉除尘系统改造项目介绍了转炉二次除尘新技术在改造项目中的应用情况。从除尘风量的确定、集尘罩的形式、管路系统的布置以及转炉三次除尘等方面进行了具体分析,对比传统转炉二次除尘系统的不足,提出了转炉二次除尘新技术的优势,为大中型转炉二次除尘系统在线改造提供参考。     

中小型转炉与炉外精炼设施的匹配

从老厂条件、中小型转炉炼钢特点和LF炉精炼工艺要求等三方面，探索了转炉与炉外精炼设施的匹配。以杭钢转炉厂为例，提出了双工位回转台LF炉承载形式和CAS－LF双联精炼的设想。     

武钢复吹转炉炼钢工艺技术进步

一、前言八十年代初,我国的转炉顶底复合吹炼技术发展很快。1980年3～7月,武钢第二炼钢厂三座50吨转炉全部改造成了复吹转炉,并投入正式生产。近几年来,实现了转炉复吹微机自动控制、N_2—Ar切换,开发了多孔定向式供气砖及其分钢种复吹供气模型等技术进步项目,提高了复吹转炉炼钢工艺技术水平。现就第二炼钢厂提高复吹转炉炼钢工艺操作技术的发展实践简述如下。二、复吹转炉炼钢工艺的技术进步     

转炉顶底复合吹炼工艺试验总结

上钢五厂于1984年2月份着手转炉复吹工作。3月29日,首先在2号转炉成功地进行了复吹工艺试验,到目前为止已分别在1、2号转炉上,共吹炼了7个炉役3028炉次,产量6.05万吨。为了克服底吹枪龄短的缺点,同时也为了能随时变换底吹枪形式,适应冶炼不同钢种的需要,进行了调换底枪的试验,并获得圆满成功。经过反复试验,逐步摸索出一套较为切实可行的转炉复吹工艺。     

石景山钢铁公司解决转炉炉动故障的几项措施

石景山钢铁公司转炉车间新安装的可拆式D型三吨碱性转炉(这种转炉是利用电动机通过减速箱转动炉体)在投入生产时,炉体不能转动。经职工研究与改进,这个问题已经得到解决,使转炉顺利投入生产,采取的措施如下:一、减少轴和轴瓦的接触面新安装的转炉的实心轴和空心轴与轴瓦之间几乎有120°接触角(见图1),摩擦力很大。在烤炉期间     

酒钢炼钢转炉炉口微差压控制系统优化

本文主要描述如何实现转炉炉口微差压测量控制系统的优化。通过采取转炉冶炼降罩操作、优化系统参数等环节,为用户提供高品质的转炉煤气,保证转炉回收煤气的热值,提高转炉煤气回收量,稳定转炉烟气流速,防止转炉烟气外溢。     

转炉炼钢利用废钢的研究综述

2010年中国转炉炼钢废钢比平均为7.6%,欧美国家转炉为20%左右。国外冶金工作者在实验室和钢厂进行了大量转炉利用废钢技术的研究,例如转炉合理的废钢加入量、废钢熔化速度、测定熔池温度和碳的传输系数、冶炼优质钢时合理地利用废钢等问题。中国对于转炉利用废钢的生产技术和基础理论研究工作都应加强。     

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Thickness of convertor lining is important to guarantee safe production and prolong service life. Based on laser distance measurement technology, a laser thickness measurement system was put forward. Through coordinate transformation, this system can put the measurement point into the model that has already been built, and get the thickness of convertor lining at this point. And the isopachous line of the convertor lining can also be expressed using the coordinate in the two-dimensional figure. Industrial test result shows that the system has high practical value.     

Mechanical advantage of skeletal muscle as a cardiac assist power source

The insertion of unconditioned latissimus dorsi muscle at the humerus was reattached in anesthetized goats to the first stage piston of a two stage mechanical-to-hydraulic energy convertor for a skeletal muscle powered ventricular assist device. To study a range of forces, pistons of different cross sectional areas were evaluated during thoracodorsal nerve stimulation. Each energy convertor piston was coupled hydraulically to an actuator on a Thoratec VAD (Thoratec Laboratories, Berkeley, CA) in a mock circulatory loop. Maximum force (70.1 +/- 10.8 N) was greatest for the largest piston, and stroke length (4.0 +/- 0.7 cm) was greatest for the smallest piston. However, maximum stroke work (1.2 +/- 0.5 J) and muscle powered VAD ejected stroke volume (45 +/- 17 ml) were greatest for the middle size piston. These results are consistent with a biomechanical model of whole muscle contraction that predicts that there is an optimum force that produces maximum cycle work. Thus, with a two stage energy convertor, by changing the ratio of the cross sectional areas of the energy convertor and muscle powered VAD actuator pistons, the effective mechanical advantage for the muscle can be optimized to produce more work output and muscle powered VAD flow. Skeletal muscle powered devices using such an energy convertor could provide completely implantable circulatory support free from batteries and other power conditioning hardware required with electromechanical systems.     

Chronic implantation of a skeletal muscle energy convertor for cardiac assist devices: a preliminary report

An efficient energy convertor capable of driving a variety of cardiac assist devices is being developed in goats. Muscle work in a linear configuration is converted to hydraulic energy and transmitted to an external test system that controls muscle loads during shortening contractions. This investigation focuses on the variation of muscle characteristics and optimal power output during muscle conditioning. The energy convertor was mounted on the rib cage, the latissimus dorsi insertion reattached to the device, and percutaneous hydraulic lines exited near the spine. Following device, stimulator, and intramuscular electrode implantation, a progressive conditioning protocol was initiated. Weekly biomechanical muscle characterization was performed in the conscious animal, with single twitch and tetanic contractions performed under isometric and isotonic conditions. The characterization data provide a measure of available power, as well as inputs, for a computer simulation that predicts optimal muscle power output and operating conditions. These ongoing implants provide insight into the available muscle power and suggest an implantable energy convertor is feasible. Development of an energy convertor is an important step toward tether free skeletal muscle powered cardiac assist. These studies will be expanded in number and duration to further investigate the effects of conditioning and identify improvements in device development.     

In vivo studies of an implantable energy convertor for skeletal muscle powered cardiac assist

A device that harnesses the mechanical energy of skeletal muscle contracting in a linear configuration has been implanted in goats. This energy convertor transforms muscle work to hydraulic energy that could drive a variety of cardiac assist devices. The device is mounted with a rib clamp and plate affixed to the sternum by cortical bone screws. A transcutaneous hydraulic line carries a silicon based working fluid to an external system that controls the muscle load. In 60 to 70 kg goats, the latissimus dorsi insertion was reattached to the energy convertor. A Telectronics myostimulator with intramuscular electrodes stimulated the latissimus dorsi. In acute implants, hydraulic pressures in excess of 150 psi were obtained. Chronic implantation of the device allowed system evaluation in the conscious unanesthetized animal. Two weeks after implant, hydraulic pressures in excess of 200 psi were obtained and energy transferred to the external loading system exceeded 1 J per contraction. Six weeks after implant, the device continued to cycle freely. These initial results are very promising and suggest an implantable energy convertor is feasible. Development of an energy convertor is an important step toward tether-free skeletal muscle powered cardiac assist devices.     

钒钛铁水冶炼转炉炉龄提高的生产实践

介绍了承钢采用双联工艺,在用含钒钛铁水炼钢生产过程中通过改进砌炉工艺,执行一次拉成出钢操作,降低出钢温度,改造渣系,提高溅渣护炉效果等措施的实施大幅度提高转炉炉龄,为不同生产条件下提高炼钢炉龄提供了借鉴。     

济钢120t转炉留渣操作工艺的实践

介绍了济钢集团第三炼钢厂120 t顶底复吹转炉的留渣操作工艺,对留渣操作的条件进行了研究,分析了应用转炉顶底复吹和溅渣护炉工艺解决留渣操作安全问题的机理;实施留渣操作对转炉冶炼时的初期化渣和脱磷十分有利,吨钢可以降低石灰消耗12 kg、降低钢铁料消耗5 kg,取得了显著的经济效益。     

乌克兰转炉车间提高废钢比的实践

本文介绍了乌克兰炼钢厂提高转炉废钢比的工艺概况，主要途径是向转炉内加入补充热源的燃料。介绍了该燃料的选择，加入方式和与其相适应的工艺制度。在采用综合措施后转炉废钢比可达到４０％以上。     

提高转炉出钢前期挡渣效果实践

介绍了目前转炉出钢前期挡渣采用的方法,针对鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司转炉前期挡渣存在的问题,对挡渣时机及挡渣塞材质进行了优化,转炉前期挡渣成功率达到96%以上,脱氧合金成本和成分合金成本共降低29.4万元/月,避免因磷高产生废品引起的损失7.8万元/月。