基于信息粒度和连通强度的优化学习

针对具有分布式网络和复杂的拓扑结构的认知学习问题,本文提出一种动态的基于信息粒度和连通强度的自组织的认知优化学习系统。每个网络节点的信息粒在高聚合度的情况下,具有信息表示的完整性,知识系统中节点的自组聚合和节点间的强连通性是优化学习绩效的核心模型。利用信息粒的聚合度和信息粒间的连通性的概念,信息粒度的演进流程模拟认知学习过程的静态归约,连接强度演进流程对应于认知学习的动态模拟,这两个流程在学习系统中对每个输入样本完成一个完整的模拟认知与归约表达。以分布式拓扑结构为理论模型,给出了每个节点信息粒度以及节点之间的信息处理与传递的认知优化规范。     

半边图模型之构造演算

提出一个动态可增殖的多层次自组织认知系统,每个层次具有形式上一致的知识表示方法,各层的自组关联、自组聚合、归约和样本表达四个知识处理模型是实现系统自组织层次增殖的核心模型。指出若要实现层次可自组织增殖的系统,其关键是要设计一个合理的聚合归约演算系统;提出一个适用于各个层次的基于可结合半边的自组图知识表示法,先给出自组图形式化的静态定义和动态定义,然后以自组关联模型为背景给出对应的自组图构造算法。     

半边图模型之聚合归约演算

提出了实现自组织多层次归约的一个指导原则,即自组聚合与归约的协调准则,其核心思想是,基于多聚合准则的自组聚合演算中的各个聚合子集是可以相交的,相交的部分是下一步归约演算的基础。给出了符合上述协调准则的自组图聚合归约演算模型,聚合子图是聚合演算的结果,在归约演算中,聚合子图对应为归约顶点,子图的子边界对应为归约半边,而由子图相交部分抽象出的子图边界之间的关系则对应为归约边,从而构成了形式上完整统一的自组织多层次归约。     

基于灰朦胧集动态演化的线段特征提取

针对未知环境知识表达问题,模拟人类思维处理空间知识,提出一种基于灰朦胧集动态演化的线段特征提取方法.该方法在具有几何约束的环境中,通过灰朦胧集动态演化形成不同认知阶段表达,逐步消除信息中的不确定性,采用自组织映射和基于灰关联度的主方向提取实现线段特征的信息显化. 通过创建室内走廊环境地图检验了所提出方法模拟人类智能对未知环境信息进行表达和推理的有效性.     

移动自组网QoS组播路由协议的研究

针对已有的移动自组网中QoS路由协议进行了分析比较,提出了一种基于逻辑超立方体的虚拟动态骨干网模型以支持QoS组播通信。该模型具有高可用性和负载均衡的特性，而这两种特性是在移动自组网中提供QoS保证的重要前提。基于该模型又设计了一种新颖的基于逻辑位置信息的QoS组播路由算法：自路由，模拟结果显示该算法性能良好，具有延迟小、抖动小、容错性强的特点。     

基于CAS的企业竞争模型与仿真研究

企业系统本质上是一个复杂适应系统,是一个开放的、动态演化的、具有自组织能力的系统。人工神经网络具有非线性逼近能力和自组织、自适应能力。提出运用神经网络的学习能力模拟Agent适应性的方法,借鉴Holland的CAS理论的建模思想,建立基于CAS理论的企业竞争模型。通过开发基于Swarm平台的仿真程序,模拟不确定环境下企业的规模分布和动态演化过程。     

基于超媒体智能CAI系统的研究

文章根据领域知识的层次关系的特点,将人工智能引入到超媒体系统中,探讨了ICAI中知识表示、推理规则、推理机制等技术,建立了ICAI系统模型,该系统具有动态地组织教学内容、调整教学方法、评价学生认知特点的功能,以满足不同程度学生的需求。     

基于属性Petri网的属性粒推理研究

不确定性知识处理是人工智能研究中经常遇到的问题,基于定性映射的属性Petri网模型在动态表示认知思维中不确定性知识与逻辑推理方面具有优势。在属性拓扑空间中,给出了属性粒的基本定义和基本推理,在属性Petri网中对不确定性知识进行表达,并基于属性Petri网给出归结推理的基本形式和基本算法。结果显示,这种方法可以使定性映射和Petri网更易于动态和显式地表达认知不确定性知识,可为进一步研究Petri网在认知模型中的作用提供参考。     

基于知识的机械产品并行设计

探讨面向对象的知识表达与推理方法以及知识的集成化组织结构。提出并行设计中多知识源相互合作交流和通过动态信息交换进行协同求解的策略。开发了以知识库系统为核心,以集成化产品信息模型为基础的机械产品并行设计系统。     

第二语言学习者汉语声调范畴浮现的模拟研究

第二语言学习者汉语声调范畴的习得一直是汉语学习的难点之一。为了深入研究声调范畴的认知机制,该研究采用动态的生长型树形自组织映射模型,模拟了英语母语者汉语声调范畴的认知发展过程。由于新发展的自组织模型既具有良好的拓扑映射性,又具有动态的容量扩展性,所以能很好地模拟英语母语者汉语声调范畴认知的动态发展过程。模拟结果跟行为实验结果呈现出非常好的一致性,这样既证明了行为实验中汉语声调范畴的动态发展过程,也为汉语声调认知范畴的机制研究提供了机理上的解释。通过对声调范畴习得过程中的一些模式和机制的研究,为声调教学提出了一些有益的建议。     

Cortical architecture and self-referential control for brain-like processing in artificial neural systems

Progress in understanding the way the brain processes information while it is constantly interacting with the sensory environment is hampered by inadequate models and theories. Current models and theories of brain computing are, obviously, still not completely correct when confronted with so-called real-world problems. Sensory recognition and the subsequent selection and optimization of a proper behavior are basically constraint satisfaction problems. Both conventional AI and current formal neural network systems operate with set constraints: the architecture and parameters are defined a priori and then the input data are structured according to these set constraints on the learning process. However, as long as the constraints are set from outside the system (by the programmer, designer), the system has no ability for self-organization. There is the ability for adaptation within these a priori defined limits, but not the ability to include new knowledge into the consistent relational framework of existing knowledge beyond the prespecified constraints. Therefore, self-organization of constraints in complex systems is the key problem for getting self-organization of knowledge representation under real-world conditions. We show that a value system and self-referential control in a modular architecture are crucial prerequisites for both robust recognition of sensory input and the ability to integrate new knowledge into the already acquired knowledge representation. Finally, we outline a philosophy and propose a model approach that is a first step toward implementing those capabilities in artificial neural systems.     

知识推理在异构信息流数据识别中的研究

在系统分析临床检验设备输出信息的基础上,提出一种基于层次结构知识单元的信息流数据识别模型,并对各知识单元构造了具有通用的、易于维护的框架式知识表示外壳,使模型能正确提取各种检验设备输出信息中的各个数据项.该识别方法在临床检验信息集成系统中得到很好的应用.     

Using the multi-living agent concept to investigate complex information systems

In this paper, we propose the multi-living agent (MLA) concept based on the of analysis the characteristics of complex information systems, especially those systems that require multi-functional operations under strict restraint strong countermeasures (SRSC) environment. First, we investigate the representation of the livelihood of the system under the SRSC conditions, and obtain the basic dynamical presentation of the MLA from the profile of the system's function. Next, we propose the concept of the living...     

基于Q学习的无线传感器网络自组织方法研究

为实现无线传感器网络中数据传输效率与能量节省的综合性能优化,提出一种基于Q学习的自组织协议方法,将无线传感器网络的每个节点映射为一个Agent,通过学习训练,使得每个Agent可以选择一个较优的转发方向,从而实现无线传感器网络的自组织。实例分析表明,应用Q学习构建的自组织传感器网络能够提高数据传输的能量效率,延长网络生存期。     

Hierarchical Color Quantization Based on Self-organization

In this paper, a new hierarchical color quantization method based on self-organizing maps that provides different levels of quantization is presented. Color quantization (CQ) is a typical image processing task, which consists of selecting a small number of code vectors from a set of available colors to represent a high color resolution image with minimum perceptual distortion. Several techniques have been proposed for CQ based on splitting algorithms or cluster analysis. Artificial neural networks and, more concretely, self-organizing models have been usually utilized for this purpose. The self-organizing map (SOM) is one of the most useful algorithms for color image quantization. However, it has some difficulties related to its fixed network architecture and the lack of representation of hierarchical relationships among data. The growing hierarchical SOM (GHSOM) tries to face these problems derived from the SOM model. The architecture of the GHSOM is established during the unsupervised learning process according to the input data. Furthermore, the proposed color quantizer allows the evaluation of different color quantization rates under different codebook sizes, according to the number of levels of the generated neural hierarchy. The experimental results show the good performance of this approach compared to other quantizers based on self-organization.     

覆盖件产品CEG集成知识模型及表达

产品集成知识模型是对几何模型，特征模型及其相应建模技术进一步的综合和扩展，是实现产品生命周期内信息综合表达的关键，在分析覆盖件产品对象类层次的基础上，提出了几何特征，规则对象和约束方法的面向对象表达策略，建立了集成构形、工程和几何知识描述的覆盖件产品模型，利用基于STEP标准的EXPRESS语言和KBE开发语言，通过语言联编实现产品特征信息和工艺设计知识的高度集成来支持智能化工艺设计过程。     

Design and analysis of a class of self-organizing and trainable fuzzy controllers

As the applications of fuzzy-controllers become more complicated, the attributes of self-organization and trainability become increasingly important. Indeed, the specification of fuzzy rules and membership functions for systems with a large number of state variables is extremely difficult. This paper introduces a new class of self-organizing and trainable fuzzy-controllers that can be designed without specific information regarding either the membership functions or the fuzzy rules. The proposed controller derives the fuzzy rules from clusters formed in the input space, through a self-organizing process. The clustering is performed through a simple method which can adaptively allocate new clusters as more date are available to the controller. Then, the membership values of crisp inputs are determined by K-nearest-neighbor (KNN) distance measures applied to the centers of the input clusters. Finally, a KNN defuzzification processes directly estimates of the crisp output of unknown input data. An adaptation procedure for the center vector of each cluster and the corresponding output value is developed. The overall design is analyzed in terms of the existence and the uniqueness of the solution of the proposed model. The performance of the proposed controller is considered through the modeling of the Mackey—Glass time-series.     

MTBuilder:一个多触点交互桌面界面工具

针对基于WIMP范式的图形用户界面工具不能解决多触点交互桌面的多指手势识别、界面组件朝向等问题,提出基于自然用户界面通用隐喻OCGM(objects,containers,gestures and manipulations)的多触点交互桌面界面工具箱——MTBuilder.首先用层次化多触点数据表示模型存储多触点数据,然后对多指手势识别器进行动态管理以加速识别处理,最后基于OCGM设计并实现界面组件库.通过多人信息浏览、城市规划等原型系统的开发和实验评估可以看出,MTBuilder能够为交互桌面界面构造与快速原型系统开发提供强有力的支持.