利用Pseudoalteromonas elyakouii菌株发酵法生产褐藻胶寡糖培养基的改进

利用Pseudoalteromonas elyakouii菌株发酵降解相对分子质量10000左右的褐藻胶，制备褐藻胶寡糖．为了达到降低培养基成本和简化分离工艺的目的，使用（NH4）2SO4为氮源的发酵培养基来代替使用蛋白胨为氮源的发酵培养基．为了促进菌的生长和发酵产物褐藻胶寡糖的生成，在新发酵培养基中分别添加海带浸液、葡萄糖、乳糖、几种氨基酸和几种代谢中间产物（丙酮酸、柠檬酸、延胡索酸、尿素），并考察这些成分对菌生长和发酵产物褐藻胶寡糖生成的影响．研究发现：在基本培养基中和添加0．1g／L的L-谷氨酰氨、0．1g／L尿素或0．1g／L柠檬酸时可获得较高的产物浓度。     

水溶性壳寡糖的制备及其对双歧杆菌的增殖作用

采用过氧化氢氧化法制备水溶性壳寡糖,采用Q TRAP LC/MS/MS System测定壳寡糖的平均分子量,观察其对双歧杆菌的增殖作用,试验结果表明,分子量609水溶性壳寡糖在浓度为0.05%时,对于双歧杆菌具有明显的增殖作用。     

食用性壳寡糖(几丁质低聚糖)对长双歧杆菌的影响

本研究对比了不同浓度的壳寡糖对于益生菌中的长双歧杆菌的生理影响,找到了合适的食用添加浓度的壳寡糖对于长双歧杆菌的明显促生长作用,为其作为具有减肥和保健双重功能的新兴食品添加物质奠定了理论基础。     

雪莲果粉对双歧杆菌的体外促生长作用研究

研究了雪莲果粉对3种双岐杆菌(长双歧杆菌、短双歧杆菌和两歧双歧杆菌)体外生长的影响。结果表明,雪莲果粉对3种双歧杆菌的体外生长均有显著的促进作用,优于葡萄糖作碳源时的生长效果,同时对不同的双歧杆菌的促进作用不完全一致。雪莲果粉浓度为1.6%～2.4%(m/v)时长双歧杆菌增殖效果最明显,0.8%～1.6%(m/v)时短双歧杆菌促生长效果明显,1.2%～2.4%(m/v)两歧双歧杆菌促生长效果明显。     

牦牛酥油乳脂肪球膜蛋白对双歧杆菌增殖的影响

利用牦牛酥油乳脂肪球膜（milk fat globule membrane, MFGM）蛋白探究其对长双歧杆菌婴儿亚种（Bifidobacterium longum subsp. Infantis, B. longum subsp. Infantis）CICC6069和青春双歧杆菌（Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. adolescentis）CICC6070体外增殖的影响。在MFGM蛋白不同添加量下，通过菌落计数探究MFGM蛋白对双歧杆菌菌落总数的影响。结果表明，当MFGM蛋白添加量在0～1 200μg/L，菌落总数随着MFGM蛋白添加量的增加而增大，当MFGM蛋白添加量为1 200μg/L时菌落总数达到最高。利用全自动生长曲线分析仪每隔2 h实时测定双歧杆菌光密度值（optical density, OD）OD600，探究酥油MFGM蛋白对双歧杆菌生长曲线的影响。研究表明，与空白对照相比，MFGM蛋白能够促进200μL体系下双歧杆菌的生长，提高了双歧杆菌对数期生长速率。牦牛酥油MFGM蛋白对双歧杆菌的增殖具有促进作用，其中MFGM蛋白对B. adole...     

异麦芽寡糖对双歧杆菌营养效果的研究

实验证实了异麦芽寡糖双歧杆菌增殖因子的本质－异麦芽寡糖是双歧杆菌的专性碳源。并表明，异麦芽寡糖作为培养基中的唯一碳源时，其最低浓度为千分之一左右。     

中心组合设计优化两歧双歧杆菌BB01增殖培养基

为了提高两歧双歧杆菌培养液中的活菌数,采用中心组合设计对其增殖培养基进行了优化。在前期单因素试验的基础上,首先通过Plackett-Burman试验筛选出了影响两歧双歧杆菌生长的4个主因子,再通过中心组合设计试验及响应面分析确定了4个主因子的最佳浓度为:三氯化铁、水苏糖、蒺藜提取液和pH分别为0.012 g/L、8.0 g/L、2.5%和6.90,用优化后的增殖培养基培养两歧双歧杆菌,24 h后其培养液OD600为1.398±0.007,比优化前提高了24.28%。     

响应面法优化长双歧杆菌增殖培养基

为了提高长双歧杆菌发酵液中的活菌数,对其增殖培养基进行响应面优化。通过单因素试验筛选出长双歧杆菌的最佳碳源为乳糖,并发现低聚木糖、菊糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚果糖、苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、脯氨酸、谷氨酸及赖氨酸均能显著促进长双歧杆菌的生长。利用Design Expert 8.06软件设计Plackett-Burman 试验筛选出影响长双歧杆菌生长的3个最重要因子,通过Box-Behnken试验及响应面分析确定3个因子的最佳添加量为：低聚木糖1.7g/L、菊糖3.6g/L、脯氨酸0.4g/L,用优化后的增殖培养基培养长双歧杆菌,18h后其活菌数达(1.75±0.02)×109CFU/mL,比优化前提高了95.64%。     

滑菇肽对青春双歧杆菌的益生作用

研究滑菇肽对青春双歧杆菌的体外益生作用。将滑菇肽添加到青春双歧杆菌液体培养基中,测定发酵和贮存过程中活菌数变化。结果表明,滑菇肽在添加量为0.5 g/L～4.0 g/L时对青春双歧杆菌生长具有促进作用,发酵12小时后活菌数最高可达1.78×10~9cfu/mL,为对照组的2.88倍(P<0.05)。滑菇肽能够增强青春双歧杆菌对酸性环境的耐受力,4℃冷藏28天后,活菌数仍维持在80%以上。添加1.0 g/L滑菇肽对青春双歧杆菌的促生长作用优于低聚果糖,发酵12小时后活菌数可达1.18×10~9cfu/mL,为对照组的2.04倍(P<0.05)。滑菇肽能够促进青春双歧杆菌生长,作为双歧因子应用于青春双歧杆菌产品具有潜在价值。     

响应面法优化青春双歧杆菌增殖培养基

为提高青春双歧杆菌在发酵液中的活菌数,以MRS为培养基,采用响应面法对培养基进行优化,同时比较了优化前后的生长曲线与pH的变化。通过响应面分析结果得到青春双歧杆菌的增殖培养基配方：葡萄糖15.85g/L、低聚果糖15.85 g/L、胰蛋白胨12.04 g/L、牛肉膏7.23 g/L、酵母粉9.63 g/L、柠檬酸铵2.75 g/L、K2HPO4·3H2O 2.75 g/L、乙酸钠6.875 g/L、吐温-80 1.0 mL、MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.05 g/L、L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.5 g/L。该菌在增殖培养基中28 h达到稳定期,比优化前缩短12 h;活菌数达到8.9×109 CFU/mL,是优化前的1.73倍。     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

DEVELOPMENT OF CHAINS OF CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DURING FERMENTATION

The lengths of chains of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied during fermentation. Pitching yeast generally contained about half of the total number of cells as two-celled chains. The chain lengths varied during the subsequent fermentation and the variations were characteristic of the strain. Electronic counting assessments of chain length were unreliable.     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

矩阵乘积的行式,列式

给出了ｍ×ｍ矩阵与ｍ×ｎ矩阵的行（列）式的表达式．若Ａ＝ａ１１ａ１２…ａ１ｍａ２１ａ２２…ａ２ｍ……ａｍ１ａｍ２…ａｍｍＢ＝ｂ１１ｂ１２…ｂ１ｎｂ２１ｂ２２…ｂ２ｎ……ｂｍ１ｂｍ２…ｂｍｎ分别是ｍ×ｍ，ｍ×ｎ矩阵，则｜Ａ｜｜Ｂ｜＝｜ＡＢ｜＋∑ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｔｊ１＜ｊ２＜…＜ｊｔ１≤ｔ≤ｍｎ－ｔ≥ｍＮＢｉ１ｉ２…ｉｔｊ１ｊ２…ｊｔＮＡＢ１…ｍ（－１）ｓｔ＋１ｊｔ＋１…（－１）ｓｎｊｎ其中ｉ１，ｉ２，…，ｉｔ是１，２，…，ｍ中ｔ个数码；ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｔ＋１，…，ｊｎ是１，２，…，ｎ的一个排列；ｓｒ＝π（ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ）（ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ）是排列ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ的反序数．     

ANALYTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRODUCTS OF NONENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION OF LYSOZYME

The quantitative analysis of the reaction products of the water activity dependent nonenzymatic glycosylation of lysozyme was not straightforward. Difficulties arose in the determination of the number of bound glucose molecules because glycosylation leads to glucose mediated protein aggregation, and the likely presence of a mixture of relatively labile Schiff-base intermediates, and the more stable ketoamine products generated by Amadori rearrangement. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to monitor protein aggregation; periodate oxidation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and oxalic acid hydrolysis combined with HPLC, emerged as the most promising methods to quantitate the degree of glycosylation. Possible interpretations are advanced to explain the apparent discrepancies in degree of glycosylation suggested by the different analytical methods evaluated.