管状发射药内弹道模型及计算

该文根据未开槽管状发射药的装药结构特点,将火药床分为管内部区域、管外气相区域与固体发射药三个区域.每个区域建立相应的基本方程组以及初边条件,药条破裂采用临界破裂压力差准则.数值计算结果表明,管状发射药在射击过程中运动位移较小,并且在点传火阶段透气性好,压力振荡幅值小.文中还给出了药条破裂前管内外流场的详细分析.     

开槽管状药在速燃发动机中的应用

就速燃发动机装药设计与应用中存在的问题进行了分析，并对相应的技术措施进行探索。选用开槽管状药进行发动机试验，获得了预期的实验结果。     

考虑管状药束轴向运动的大口径平衡炮二维内弹道模型的建立与仿真

传统的两相流内弹道模型将火药颗粒作拟流体假设,对于采用长管状药装药的大口径高速平衡炮来说误差较大。为解决这一问题,针对管状药模块化装填的某480 mm口径高速平衡炮提出在欧拉坐标系中考察火药气体的流动情况,在拉格朗日坐标系中追踪管状药束的运动规律;同时针对药束径向运动方程难以建立的问题,提出药束沿径向线性排布药束的思想,建立了考察管状药束沿轴向的运动规律并能够描述火药气体沿轴向和径向的流动情况的内弹道模型,编制程序进行了数值模拟。通过计算结果与试验结果的对比分析,证明了建立的模型有效,得到了火药气体在轴向和径向的压力分布以及药束模块的运动轨迹,为平衡炮内弹道性能的深入研究提供了新的思路。     

大口径高速平衡炮不同发射药应用探讨

为了保证平衡炮在大药室、长传火距离和大装药量装填条件下的发射安全,讨论了大口径高速平衡炮发射一般发射药的选择原则,用经典内弹道理论对不同发射药作了计算与分析,在建立平衡发射两相流理论模型的基础上对管状药和粒状药的发射作了压力渡强度安全对比分析,结果表明,所设计的装药结构在保证发射初速大于960 m/s的要求下,膛压低于300 MPa,压力波动也在安全范围之内,总体上选用双基管状药优于三基粒状药.     

大口径平衡炮内弹道一维两相流建模与仿真

针对大口径平衡炮长管状药、模块化装药的特点,提出了将气固两相分别计算而非将固相流体化的建模思想,建立了适用于平衡炮的内弹道一维两相流模型。模型将管状药床看成一个在两端面压力差和相间阻力共同作用下可沿轴向运动的整体,相间质量能量输运通过控制方程中的源项实现。应用新模型与重叠网格技术对320mm平衡炮内弹道过程进行仿真计算,通过计算结果与炮射试验结果的对比分析,验证了模型的可行性,为平衡炮内弹道过程研究提供了新思路。     

点火管气固两相流模拟喷射装置的设计与计算

为了研究火炮装药床中的点传火特性,根据高低压发射原理,设计了一种点火管气固两相流的模拟喷射装置,建立了模拟装置中高低压室的内弹道方程组,并进行了数值计算。计算结果表明,通过调整装药量、药形参数、节流孔面积及喷孔面积的大小,可以满足点火管多种工况下模拟实验的要求。对于单孔管状药,增大装药量或者减小弧厚,均可以使破膜时间提前,稳定喷射持续时间延长;增大节流孔面积或者喷孔面积,均会导致稳定喷射时的平均压力降低。     

弧厚不均火药在内弹道计算中的处理方法

根据所用粒状药内外弧厚不同的特点，推导了该粒状药二项式与三项式的形状函数，并进行了比较，建立了粒状药与管状药组成的混合装药的多相流内弹道理论模型，编制工程实用的软件系统，数值预报射击过程膛内物理量变化的详细结果，该研究结果对于指导装药设计，弹丸设计与身管设计都具有重要的理论参考价值与工程实际意义。     

装药缺陷对固体火箭发动机内弹道性能的影响

采用仿真计算分析方法研究了管状推进剂装药缺陷的宽度、深度以及包覆层脱粘等因素对固体火箭发动机内弹道性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着固体推进剂装药裂纹深度与宽度比的增加,燃烧室内压强和裂纹出口气流速度也增加。管状药柱包覆层前端轴向脱粘可使燃面-肉厚曲线的斜率增加,装药的压强指数增大,最终可能造成燃烧室压力过高而解体爆炸。     

精密延期雷管

起爆炸药的延期雷管包括一个一端封闭、一端开口的管状元件，主装药位于管状元件的封闭端，点火时能起爆炸药。延期药接近主装药，有点火信号时使燃烧，因而点燃主装药。点火源在管状元件里的开口端附近，起发出点火信号的作用。过渡元件位于点火源和延期药之间，对从点火源发出的点火信号作出响应，发生燃烧，达到一个充分地稳态燃烧速度，再点燃延期药。     

新型超宽带双极化天线设计

本文设计了一种在3. 2～18 GHz频率范围工作的超宽带双极化天线。天线单元为双开槽Vivaldi天线,基于共形波纹边缘的设计思想,利用指数形槽缝波纹边缘使双开槽Vivaldi天线在与同尺寸传统Vivaldi天线相近的带宽内获得了高增益等良好的辐射特性。通过将两个双开槽Vivaldi天线正交放置,实现了超宽带双极化天线的设计,测试结果表明,工作频带内的极化隔离度高于25 dB,增益高于7 dB,辐射特性良好。与利用两传统Vivaldi天线实现双极化相比,避免了天线辐射结构的交叉,降低了设计的复杂度。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Design and Implementation of One Missile Visual Simulation System Based on OpenGL

The implementation of a missile＇s visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL（open graphic library） and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile＇s data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Dynamic Encryption Technology in Ad-hoc Networks

A new dynamic encryption application in ad-hoc networks is proposed. The advantages of this method are its being able to use the previous ciphertext as a seed of a new encryption process, rendering the encryption process effective in all communication process by continuous dynamic key generation together with synchronization, and its capability to cut back on system bandages to a greater extent, which is valuable for the ad-hoc circumstance. In addition, the rationality and effectiveness of this novel encryption method have been verified by the test results.