基于一种有源EMI共模技术的研究

为了探讨共模电流辐射,找到抑制电子系统（产品）设计中共模电流电磁辐射原因;本研究从阐明共模电流的含义出发,采用一种开关电源的有源EMI共模滤波器方案,用以一个AC/DC半桥变换器半桥电路来实现这种方案,对整机做了EMI传导性能、电磁辐射测试。分析与仿真实验结果也验证了有源滤波器的使用对开关电源的共模传导干扰抑制的有效性。该研究对电子产品的开发、抑制电子系统（产品）设计中共模电流电磁辐射有一定的借鉴作用。     

功率变换器去耦电容参数选择与过电压预测

功率变换器在高速开通与关断的过程中产生的电磁干扰影响系统的正常运行,提出一种基于绝缘栅双极晶体管(insulated-gate bipolar transistor,IGBT)开关模块的功率变换器电磁干扰(electromagnetic interference,EMI)噪声源建模方法,可以精确的预测整个传导干扰频段内的EMI噪声。分析去耦电容对电路的影响,基于IGBT模块等效电磁干扰噪声源模型来预测功率变换器产生的过电压,通过对过电压的分析选择去耦电容的参数,整个分析体现如何应用该模型进行参数选择的过程。最后,仿真和实验表明参数选择的正确性。     

开关磁阻起动/发电系统功率变换器传导EMI建模研究

在分析开关磁阻起动/发电系统功率变换器产生的传导电磁干扰(EMI)传播通道(包括共模和差模)的基础上,采用等效电路模型的方法建立了功率变换器的传导EMI时域模型,并用Ansoft-Simplorer软件以及傅里叶级数分解的方法分析计算了功率变换器产生的EMI频谱,研究结果表明在低频段(小于100 kHz),功率变换器的差模干扰占据主导地位,在高频段,共模干扰占据主导地位。将仿真结果与实测的干扰电压波形和EMI频谱结果进行了比较,验证了所建模型和所用方法的正确性。     

Development of an integrated CAD tool for switching power supplydesign with EMC performance evaluation

A computer-aided tool for the design of switching power supplies integrating a layout editor, autorouter, component library builder and EMI simulator is presented. The software takes on a modular approach and develops the printed circuit board (PCB) layout with emphasis on electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The prediction of interference level is achieved by SPICE simulation with suitable model assignments of EMI sources, components, and PCB tracks. An offline forward power converter is built and measured to verify the simulated result. Finally, a performance index is introduced to act as an indicator for the EMC performance of a given PCB layout     

开关电源近场辐射效应分析与模型研究

本文实验考察了一台功率因数校正器(PFC)主电路产生的辐射电磁场对传导干扰发射的影响,细致分析了PFC与EMI滤波器、电源输入线缆间的电磁耦合效应,在此基础上,建立了包含电场耦合效应的传导干扰电路模型并加以验证。基于电源共模传导干扰简化模型,提出了临界耦合距离概念并进行了实测,该参数可为开关电源早期阶段的EMC布局设计提供参考。最后,提出了几种辐射效应抑制新措施。     

Electromagnetic interference and shielding of valve hall in HVDC converter station

The electromagnetic interference (EMI) from the valve hall as an important consideration in the design of high voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations is analyzed by electromagnetic field numerical method and measurements. By using moment method, the EMI filed strength level as well as radio interference level (RIL) of the valve hall during the normal operation are computed after an antenna model is built for the valve tower. According to the character of EMI obtained, the practical shielding measures for valve hall are discussed to satisfy the relative standards. The test results for the ±500 kV converter station show that both the numerical method and shielding technique used in this paper are practical.     

混联式PHEV中DC/DC变换器辐射电磁干扰分析与抑制

DC/DC变换器为混联式插电式混合动力汽车(PHEV)重要组成器件,同时也是混联式插电式混合动力汽车最主要的电磁干扰(EMI)源之一。文中首先对混联式PHEV中所用的降压型DC/DC全桥变换器的工作原理和变换器中主要电磁干扰源进行分析,其次基于Buck变换器辐射EMI的模型建立了DC/DC变换器辐射EMI的仿真模型以及对干扰电磁场强度进行了理论推导,在HFSS仿真平台上对产生的辐射EMI进行仿真分析。在此基础上,采取了电磁屏蔽和浮点接地的措施对DC/DC变换器辐射电磁干扰进行抑制,对比分析了抑制前后的电磁场。结果表明:文中提出的抑制措施能有效减小DC/DC变换器中的辐射电磁干扰,从而提高了整车的电磁兼容性。     

基于噪声源阻抗估测的单相并网逆变器传导电磁干扰滤波器的设计

随着半导体材料技术的不断发展,应用在逆变器系统中的电力开关管的开关频率可以达到十几、几十乃至几百kHz,从而在开关管处产生很大的di/dt和du/dt,因此与逆变系统各部分之间或者系统与地之间的寄生电感和电容耦合产生共模或差模干扰。干扰噪声主要是以传导的形式流通于系统中,对逆变系统的控制部分和周围设备的正常工作产生极大影响。基于噪声源的阻抗特性,通过可操作性较强的实验方法,测出源阻抗的数据来设计电磁干扰滤波器的各个参数,可使滤波器的设计更加有效,加快其设计进程,节省工程上EMI滤波器的整改时间。最后的仿真和实验中传导电磁干扰得到了有效抑制,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

开关电源有源共模EMI滤波器研究及其应用

由于开关电源的高功率密度、高开关工作频率和紧凑结构,因此对其电磁兼容提出了更高的要求.分析了传统无源电磁干扰(Electromagnetic Interference,简称EMI)滤波器的缺点,提出有源共模滤波器的设计思想,并分析了其工作原理.以一台反激式开关电源为研究对象,具体设计出其有源共模滤波器.最后通过电路仿真和实验,验证了该方案的有效性和可行性.     

EV充电器中DC/DC变换器共模EMI研究与抑制

直流/直流(DC/DC)变换器是电动汽车(EV)充电器的重要组成器件,同时也是影响电动汽车充电器电磁环境的主要干扰源之一。针对充电器中DC/DC变换器产生的共模电磁干扰(EMI),基于电磁干扰源和干扰传播路径,提出一种带钳位二极管的电压互补性移相ZVS-DC/DC全桥变换器对变换器产生的共模电磁干扰进行抑制。首先对充电器中降压型DC/DC全桥变换器的工作原理和其中主要的EMI干扰源进行分析,其次对DC/DC变换器共模电磁干扰传播路径进行建模和理论推导,最后在Matlab软件上对产生的共模电磁干扰进行仿真分析。文中搭建了采取抑制方法后的变换器电路,并通过仿真验证该方法的可行性。对结果进行分析,该方法能有效的降低DC/DC变换器的共模电磁干扰,使电动汽车充电器的电磁兼容性得到了提高。     

Pulse current regenerative resonant snubber‐assisted two‐switch flyback‐type ZVS PWM DC‐DC converter

In this paper, a two‐switch high‐frequency flyback transformer‐type zero voltage soft‐switching PWM DC‐DC converter using IGBTs is proposed. Effective applications for this power converter can be found in auxiliary power supplies of rolling stock transportation and electric vehicles. This power converter is basically composed of two active power switches and a flyback high‐frequency transformer. In addition to these, two passive lossless snubbers with power regeneration loops for energy recovery, consisting of a three‐winding auxiliary high‐frequency transformer, auxiliary capacitors and diodes are introduced to achieve zero voltage soft switching from light to full load conditions. Furthermore, this power converter has some advantages such as low cost circuit configuration, simple control scheme, and high efficiency. Its operating principle is described and to determine circuit parameters, some practical design considerations are discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed power converter is evaluated and compared with the hard switching PWM DC‐DC converter from an experimental point of view, and the comparative electromagnetic conduction and radiation noise characteristics of both DC‐DC power converter circuits are also depicted. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 152(3): 74–81, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20081     

Voltage source inverter

A design optimization tool is developed for a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with diode frontend rectifier. The insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)-based pulsewidth modulation (PWM) voltage source inverter with diode front-end rectifier has become the converter of choice for three-phase ac-fed general-purpose industrial motor drives. The converter power stage, which mainly consists of the front-end rectifier, the inverter, the dc link capacitor, the harmonic and electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter, and the thermal management system, as shown in Figure 1 with a motor load, is the primary contributor to the overall converter cost and size. Since there are interdependencies and tradeoffs among components or subsystems in the power converter, it is very desirable to have a systematic methodology and tool for achieving a cost-optimized or size-optimized converter design while meeting the system performance requirement. A design tool will also reduce the development cycle and effort.     

离线式PWM开关电源传导电磁干扰的分析研究

该文利用分析和测量相结合的方式，详细研究了一台离线式PWM开关电源的传导电磁干扰(EMI)特性。在分析各个器件作用的基础上，得出了反映典型电磁干扰发射时，传导干扰发射量、干扰源和干扰传播通道关系的线性化方程，进而提出了测量典型传导干扰耦合通道特性的新方法，并进行了验证。利用测得的传导干扰耦合通道特性，具体分析了PWM开关电源高频功率开关器件中dv/dt,di/dt对传导干扰发射的作用。根据变换器主要的杂散参数和共模干扰的基本传播途径，可得出低阶的等效共模传导干扰模型，以指导电源滤波器的设计。     

Application of a modular multilevel cascade converter (MMCC‐SDBC) to a STATCOM. Control of active power and negative‐sequence reactive power

This paper presents the application of a modular multilevel cascade converter based on single‐delta bridge‐cells (MMCC‐SDBC) to a STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM), particularly for negative‐sequence reactive‐power control. The SDBC is characterized by cascade connection of multiple single‐phase H‐bridge (or full‐bridge) converter cells per leg, which facilitates ?exible circuit design, low voltage steps, and low electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions. However, there is no published report on such a STATCOM with experimental veri?cation or a control strategy. This paper designs, constructs, and tests a 100‐V 5‐kVA PWM STATCOM based on the SDBC with focus on the operating principle and performance. Experimental results con?rm that this converter can control not only the positive‐sequence reactive power but also the negative‐sequence reactive power and low‐frequency active power intended for the ?icker compensation of arc furnaces. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 183(4): 33–44, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22365     

混合封装电力电子集成模块内电磁干扰的屏蔽

混合封装有源电力电子集成模块(IPEM)是目前中功率范围内电力电子集成的主要方式。然而,IGBT与控制和驱动电路高密度地集成在一起,电磁干扰是非常重要的问题。研究发现,在IGBT开关瞬态,一个仅仅在直流母线和开关器件之间流动的高频环流是功率电路对控制和驱动电路产生电磁干扰的主要原因。为了抑制这个高频环流的影响,研究了在模块内施加平面电磁屏蔽层的作用和实际效果。结果证明,在模块内设计屏蔽层是改善模块内EMC,提高模块可靠性的有效和必要手段。     

开关电源电磁干扰抑制的频率控制方法比较

在开关电源开关器件的开关过程中 ,寄生器件 (如寄生电容、寄生电感等 )中能量的高频变化会产生大量的电磁干扰。除了采用无源缓冲或滤波电路的干扰抑制方法外 ,实际中还常利用控制开关频率的有源方法来抑制干扰。在此介绍和比较了随机频率法和调制频率法这两种常用的干扰抑制方法     

强激光脉冲电源远控装置的电磁兼容设计

为保证强电磁干扰环境下微机控制系统的正常工作,对强激光脉冲电源远方控制装置进行了电磁兼容性设计。基于PSPICE软件建立了仿真模型,从电源供电回路、控制信号输出通道、通讯网络、接地及屏蔽等方面研究了有关的电磁兼容性问题,并针对调试中的问题改进了设计。仿真和现场试验表明,该设计可以有效减少经由共阻抗耦合、供电电源耦合以及空间电磁辐射耦合途径传输的电磁干扰,远方微机控制装置工作正常。     

DC-DC开关变换器中混沌映射的不变分布求解及其应用

开关电源中存在的混沌现象可以用来提高电磁兼容（EMC）,通过量化其混沌映射的不变分布可达到控制开关变换器电磁干扰（EMI）的目的.该文用简单的映射,描述了DC-DC开关变换器的混沌运行.并在此基础上,利用特征向量法对其混沌映射的不变分布进行了求解.仿真结果通过与混沌映射图和其分岔图的比较证明了该算法在求解DC-DC变换器混沌映射不变分布时的正确性.进而利用不变分布对系统输入、输出量的功率频谱密度、平均开关频率进行了估计,仿真和实验结果证明了估计的正确性.同时不变分布也为混沌电路的参数设计提供了有效途径.     

Experimental evaluation of active power factor correction techniques in a single-phase AC-DC boost converter

The increasing need to improve power quality with the reduction of the harmonic content of current and voltage waveforms has been intensively analyzed in several studies, thus motivating the proposal of many high power factor rectifiers based on the classic converters such as boost and buck-boost. Moreover, distinct control techniques have also been proposed due to the commercial availability of integrated circuits (ICs) dedicated to impose sinusoidal input currents in switch-mode power supplies (SMPSs). The boost converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) is by far the most traditional choice for this purpose due to circuit simplicity and low electromagnetic interference (EMI) levels. Within this context, this work analyzes some of the most important control techniques used in power factor correction (PFC). The performance of a single-phase boost converter using peak current mode control (PCMC), average current mode control (ACMC), and one cycle control (OCC) is evaluated experimentally in detail. A comprehensive analysis of key aspects such as the input current waveform and respective harmonic content, dc output voltage, and dynamic response of the converter is also presented.     

基于耦合电感的零电压开关同步Buck变换器

在传统同步整流Buck变换器中,主开关管的硬开关和同步整流管体寄生二极管的反向恢复问题会导致严重的开关损耗和电磁干扰(EMI)。为避免上述缺点,提出一种基于耦合电感的新型同步Buck变换器,在全负载范围内实现了所有开关管的零电压软开关。详细分析该变换器的工作原理和特性,同时,采用变频调制方法以减小导通损耗,进一步提高变换器效率。最后,结合变换器的特性给出主电路参数的设计考虑,并通过原理样机实验验证了新型变换器的优点和理论分析的正确性。