化学镀镍金属骨架与橡胶直接硫化粘合技术

介绍化学镀镍金属骨架与橡胶直接硫化粘合技术。在胶料中添加粘合剂三聚硫氰酸衍生物,可实现化学镀镍金属与橡胶的直接硫化粘合。化学镀镍金属与天然橡胶(NR)轮胎钢丝帘线覆胶胶料、NR建筑减震支座胶料、NR桥梁减震支座胶料和丁腈橡胶(NBR)油封胶料的直接硫化粘合强度较高,其技术可在化学镀镍金属骨架橡胶制品生产中实际应用。     

耐热耐磨减震器油封用丁腈胶料的研制

介绍减震器油封胶料的配方设计，用该胶料生产的油封达到了日本进口产品水平。     

ARO汽车配套橡胶密封件

为了提高橡胶制品的生产效率,降低生产成本,对丁腈橡胶胶料进行了二次硫化试验。在生产工艺中,选用RM-1粘合剂取代丁腈橡胶与金属粘合的传统粘合剂。生产出的ARO越野汽车全车油封,其使用寿命可达10万公里以上无泄漏。     

耐低温高硬度高强度氟橡胶胶料的研究

根据苏联FOCT 8752—79 1314—1氟橡胶油封胶料性能标准研制成功耐低温,高硬度、高强度的氟橡胶胶料。它可用一般橡胶加工设备进行加工,硫化操作时可热装料,热启模,并可用异氰酸酯类胶粘剂或酚类树脂胶粘剂(如RM—1)实现该胶与黑色金属的硫化粘合。     

耐热耐磨减震器封用丁腈胶料的研制

介绍减震器油封胶料的配方设计，用该胶料生产的油封达日本进口产品水平。     

对羟基苯甲酸钴钻(镍)对天然橡胶与黄铜粘合的影晌

研究了对羟基苯甲酸钴和对羟基苯甲酸镍对天然橡胶与黄铜粘合的影响。实验结果表明，天然橡胶胶料中加入适量的对羟基苯甲酸钴（镍），可提高胶料的粘合性能，静态粘合强度最高可提高１倍。镍盐的效果尤为显著，它不仅使胶料具有较高的静态粘合强度，而且还具有良好的动态粘合和抗湿热老化性能。     

柠康酰亚胺基粘合功能助剂在NR中的应用研究

分别将5种新型柠康酰亚胺基粘合功能助剂(BCDB,BCH,BCmB,BIB和BCpB)(简称：功能助剂)加入NR-镀铜钢丝粘合配方胶料中，研究了功能助剂对NR胶料硫化特性、力学性能、热空气老化性能和NR-镀铜钢丝粘合性能的影响。结果表明，与对比样配方1#胶料相比，加入功能助剂可使胶料正硫化时间延长，交联密度提高，多硫键比例下降；硫化胶力学性能、热空气老化性能和NR-镀铜钢丝粘合性能得到改善。N,N′-对苯撑双柠康酰亚胺(BCpB)对NR-镀铜钢丝粘合强度的提高最为显著；与对比样配方1#胶料相比，该胶料粘合强度提高了21.5%。     

钢丝绳芯阻燃输送带粘合胶料的研究

通过变量试验，考察了钢丝绳芯阻燃输送带粘合胶料配方中各组分对粘合胶料与镀锌钢丝粘合性能的影响。试验结果表明，在SBR中并用BR可降低胶料生热。提高粘合增进剂环烷酸钴的稳定性；环烷酸钴用量为6份。老化前后的综合粘合性能较好；正硫化时间控制在24-28min粘合性能较好；用FD34部分替代白炭黑可在不影响性能情况下降低成本；软化剂宜选用沥青。     

粘合增进剂NMP在轮胎中的应用

研究了粘合增进剂ＮＭＰ对尼龙帘线与胶料粘合性能，胶料的工艺性能、硫化特性和物理性能的影响，并试制了轮胎。结果表明：这种粘合增进剂对改进尼龙帘线与胶料粘合性能较为有效，对胶料物理性能影响不大，能够提高尼龙斜交载重轮胎的耐久性能，使用方便，具有一定的推广应用价值。     

大型FKM骨架油封粘合问题研究

介绍了大型骨架油封唇口部位和与金属粘合部位对FKM橡胶的不同要求,探讨了粘合促进剂在双酚硫化FKM中对金属的粘合促进作用。还介绍了大型氟橡胶骨架油封生产工艺中混炼胶使用管理方法。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。