HPLC法测定食品中的叶黄素含量

为了测定食品中的叶黄素的含量,建立方便可靠的测定方法,采用高效液相色谱法对食品中叶黄素含量进行了测定.使用硅胶色谱柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),以环己烷∶乙酸乙酯=75 ∶ 25为流动相,检测波长445nm.该方法最低检出量1.0mg/kg,RSD 为1.2%,加标回收率为93.85.6%,RSD 为3.1%～4.1%.该方法简便、准确,有良好的重现性,技术参数指标符合食品理化分析的要求.     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中姜黄素类化合物检测方法的建立

建立高效液相色谱法测定食品中姜黄素类化合物含量的分析方法。利用单因素试验,对食品中姜黄素类化合物的提取试剂、提取方式、提取时间进行选择,确定最佳提取条件为甲醇振荡提取5 min。色谱条件:YMC~(TM) C30色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(80∶20,v/v),用磷酸调节p H到3.0,流速1 m L/min,检测波长420 nm,柱温30℃。结果表明:3种姜黄素类化合物在0.10～10.00μg/m L内与峰面积有良好线性关系,生姜和咖喱中3种姜黄素类化合物的平均回收率分别为87.86%～107.35%和87.08%～107.47%,RSD均小于5%,3种姜黄素类化合物含量的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%。该方法简单可行、重复性好、准确度高,可广泛用于食品中姜黄素类化合物含量测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方食品中的叶黄素

建立了反相高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方食品中叶黄素测定方法。选用色谱柱YMC Carotenoid4.6mm×250mm,5μm,以甲醇、甲基叔丁基醚为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为1mL/min,于445nm波长下,测定婴幼儿配方食品中叶黄素的含量,叶黄素含量在0.0164～0.492μg/mL范围内呈线性关系,R=0.9998,平均回收率为99.2%,RSD为1.1%。该方法可以简便准确的测定婴幼儿配方食品中叶黄素的含量。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定食品中的镉和锡

为提高食品中镉和锡的检测水平,建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定食品中的镉和锡的方法.在最佳实验条件下的检出限:镉0.002 9 ng/ml、锡0.19 ng/ml;线性范围:镉0～2ng/ml,相关系数0.999 8,锡0～100 ng/ml,相关系数0.999 9;在0.5 ng/ml时,镉测定的相对标准偏差为1.5%(RSD),2.5 ng/ml时锡的相对标准偏差为3.1%(RSD);试样加标回收率:镉93.0%～100.5%,锡91.3%～99.2%.该方法具有操作简便、快速、检出限低、灵敏度高、结果准确等优点,适合于各种食品镉、锡的联合测定.     

固相萃取-液相色谱法测定食品中脱氢乙酸

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定食品中脱氢乙酸的方法。方法采用C18(5μm,4.6mm×250mmi.d)反向色谱柱,流动相:V(甲醇)∶V(0.02mol/L乙酸铵溶液)=7∶93,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长290nm,柱温30℃,进样量5μL。该方法的检出限在1.5～4.8mg/kg,线性范围0.01～0.08mg/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)0.95%～2.10%(n=6),加标回收率94.5%～100.4%。该方法简单、快速、灵敏度高,并具有良好的精密度与准确度,可作为食品中检测脱氢乙酸的有效定量方法。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定食品中香兰素、乙基麦芽酚的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定食品中香兰素、乙基麦芽酚。通过50%乙醇提取出来后,用热电公司GoldenC18柱(4.6i.d×250mm,5μm),甲醇∶水∶乙酸20∶80∶0.5(v/v)为流动相进行洗脱分离,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长为278nm。香兰素和乙基麦芽酚的线性范围分别为1.13～226mg/L和1.025～205mg/L,平均回收率分别为99.2%和101%,相对标准偏差分别为1.0%和1.2%。该方法具有操作简便,结果准确等优点。     

HPLC测定祖卡木胶囊中罂粟碱的含量

目的建立HPLC测定祖卡木胶囊中罂粟碱含量的方法。方法色谱条件:DIKMAC8(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-乙腈-1%乙酸铵-1%三乙胺(40∶20∶39∶1);流速1.0mL/min,检测波长为240nm。结果罂粟碱的线性范围为10.91～218.16ng,r=0.9999,平均回收率为97.5%,RSD=1.01%。结论本法处理简便,测定结果准确,重复性好,可用于本品的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱-二极管阵列法测定高蛋白食品中的三聚氰胺

建立用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列法测定高蛋白食品中的三聚氰胺的检测方法.对不同样品采用不同的前处理方法,然后用Agilent TC-C18 4.6×250 mm色谱柱,柱温为40℃,流动相为0.02 mol/L硫酸铵∶甲醇=94∶6(V∶V),流速0.8 mL/min,二极管阵列检测器于235 nm波长下进行检测,并以保留时间和三维光谱图相似性系数进行定性,外标法定量.不同样品的加标回收率为98.8%～101.5%,RSD小于1.2%.方法线性范围为0.1～150μg/mL,检测限为0.01μg/mL,相关系数R=0.999 9.     

高效液相色谱法测定南瓜粉中胡芦巴碱的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定南瓜粉中胡芦巴碱的方法.方法:甲醇超声波提取样品中的胡芦巴碱,色谱柱为Zorbax-NH2(4.6×150mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(80∶20,V∶V),流速为1ml/min,检测波长为265nm.结果:胡芦巴碱浓度在5.01～101.4μg/ml内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.9999(n=5);精密度实验RSD=0.31%(n=5);平均回收率为85.28%,RSD=4.4%(n=6);测定三个品系的30个样品中南瓜粉中胡芦巴碱的含量为0.1219～0.4836mg/g.结论:首次建立了高效液相色谱法测定南瓜中胡芦巴碱含量的方法,为南瓜功能性成分开发和遗传育种提供了理论依据.     

高效液相色谱法测定发酵液中聚苹果酸方法的建立

采用高效液相法在Prevail C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,4μm)上定量测定发酵生产的聚苹果酸,流动相为乙腈和0.025mol/L磷酸二氢钾混合溶液(用磷酸调pH2.5)(v∶v=5∶95),流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为210nm,柱温为25℃。发酵液经离心、水解处理后进样,4min可以将其中的L-苹果酸完全分离定量。方法的回收率为98.84%～101.47%,RSD为1.35%～1.72%。实验结果表明,该法是测定发酵液中聚苹果酸的快速、有效的定量分析方法。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.