铝合金车轮弯曲试验疲劳寿命预测研究

弯曲疲劳试验是汽车车轮三项性能试验中失效频率较高的一项.文中建立弯曲试验的有限元模型,使用I-DEAS有限元分析软件进行静力分析,分别采用名义应力法和局部应力应变法, 结合Manson-Coffin、Simth-Waston-Topper损伤公式预测铝合金车轮弯曲试验的疲劳寿命.通过与某型16×6.5J车轮试验对比,证明Simth-Waston-Topper方法预测铝合金车轮弯曲疲劳寿命更接近试验寿命.     

基于有限元分析的铝合金车轮弯曲疲劳寿命的预测

研究I-DEAS软件下铝合金车轮弯曲疲劳试验力学分析模型的建立及其数值模拟,结合铝合金材料特性运用名义应力法预测车轮的弯曲疲劳寿命,并与试验数据进行分析比较,证明了预测寿命与试验寿命基本一致,也验证了预测方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于弯曲疲劳试验的铝合金车轮有限元分析

基于某型车轮弯曲疲劳试验建立了铝合金车轮有限元模型,使用NX有限元分析软件进行静力分析,采用名义应力法和局部应力应变法预测了铝合金车轮弯曲试验的疲劳寿命。通过与弯曲疲劳试验对比,车轮弯曲疲劳试验结果与有限元计算结果相吻合,验证了有限元方法预测疲劳失效部位、降低研发成本和缩短研发周期的有效性。     

汽车车轮疲劳寿命预测方法的研究

根据疲劳寿命预测理论 ,建立 14× 5 .5J车轮受力危险点的疲劳寿命曲线。以车轮弯曲疲劳试验和有限元分析数据为基本参数 ,采用名义应力法和局部应力—应变法中的莫罗修正公式和史密斯修正公式 ,对 14× 5 .5J车轮分别在等幅载荷和载荷谱作用下进行疲劳寿命预测。运用可靠性理论 ,分别对等幅载荷和载荷谱作用下计算出来的疲劳寿命进行可靠度分析。结果表明 ,名义应力法和史密斯修正公式预测汽车车轮疲劳寿命具有较高的可靠性     

钢制薄壁车轮弯曲疲劳模拟精度探讨

介绍了如何用有限元法准确模拟钢制薄壁车轮弯曲疲劳试验的方法,着重讲述如何合理选择有限元网格类型、单元积分形式、单元尺寸大小,强调分析应采用材料“真应力-应变”曲线,给出旋转作用力、螺栓预紧力、加载时间步的设置方法和注意事项,以及判断有限元应力分析结果是否合理的方法。论文随后以车轮疲劳试验结果为参照,结合S-N曲线数学表达式,给出一种分析车轮疲劳寿命的简易方法,并基于这个简易方法去预测另一款大小相近、材料牌号相同的车轮寿命,发现寿命预测结果与试验结果较为接近,认为论文所介绍的应力和疲劳分析方法有较好的实用性。     

集成铸造数值模拟的车轮疲劳分析

弯曲疲劳寿命是汽车车轮重要的性能指标,目前其预测方法仍局限于传统的名义应力法或局部应力应变法,没有考虑微观组织和铸造缺陷对疲劳寿命的影响,预测铝合金车轮在低应力水平下的高周疲劳寿命时与实际情况存在相当差距。基于小裂纹扩展理论,建立低压铸造铝合金A356-T6车轮的以二次枝晶臂间距、针孔尺寸为参数的疲劳寿命预测模型。实现铸造模拟、有限元分析与疲劳分析的集成,初步建立起综合铸造过程、铸造缺陷以及相关下游制造工艺对车轮力学性能影响的平台。以某型车轮为例,采用该方法预测其弯曲疲劳寿命,试验验证预测结果比Simth-Waston-Topper方法更为准确。     

车轮轮辋轻量化分析与研究

采用Pro/Engineer软件进行铝合金轮毂建模,以16x7J汽车铝合金轮毂为研究对象,根据弯曲疲劳试验,运用有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench建立了考虑螺栓及法兰作用效果的车轮整体模型。以轮辋厚度为变化量,建立了不同尺寸的车轮模型。通过对有限元计算结果的分析,得到应力和应变分布情况。用改进后的史密斯公式法对车轮的寿命进行预测,通过寿命预测,轮辋厚度减少1mm其寿命仍可达到国家标准要求。研究表明:该方法可降低成本,减轻车轮重量,节省油耗,节能减排。     

车轮强度试验有限元仿真

利用ANSYS针对某车轮建立整体有限元模型,模拟车轮动态弯曲疲劳试验.得到车轮应力分布图,并对车轮寿命进行预测.然后对某车轮螺母座刚度试验进行模拟,得到其位移变化以及螺母座局部应力分布,最后通过试验对研究结果进行了验证,可为各类机车车轮的强度分析方法提供参考.     

接触分析在车轮弯曲疲劳有限元分析中的应用

利用有限元接触分析方法,建立车轮、试验轴、螺栓连接件的有限元模型,施加合理的载荷与边界条件,模拟车轮弯曲疲劳试验。通过有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立模型、设置接触对与相关参数,得出车轮高应力区域与各应力值。运用疲劳寿命计算理论中的名义应力法及ANSYS软件估算车轮疲劳寿命,且两数据基本一致。与车轮弯曲疲劳试验结果比较表明:在疲劳寿命计算理论与ANSYS软件估算的疲劳寿命内车轮均没有破坏。从而验证了运用接触分析有限元法预估车轮寿命的有效性,为以后的结构改进起到了指导作用。     

车轮径向疲劳试验有限元仿真及疲劳寿命估算

采用有限元分析方法,建立汽车车轮有限元模型,模拟车轮径向疲劳试验施加合理的载荷及边界条件.通过分析车轮试验过程中的应力变化情况,得出高应力集中区域及其各主应力值,运用疲劳寿命计算理论及ANSYS软件估算车轮的疲劳寿命.通过与车轮径向疲劳试验结果进行比较,结果表明高应力集中区域与实际裂纹位置吻合,预估的疲劳寿命与车轮实验寿命基本吻合,验证了有限元方法预估车轮寿命的有效性,为以后对车轮进行结构改进起指导作用.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.