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通过对球墨铸铁件表面及横截面上的镁、硫百分含量的光谱测定,发现铸件表面上的镁、硫呈现富集状态,铸件表面到心部,镁含量梯度增加;同时,对铸件内部的缩松及缩孔进行了电镜扫描,结果表明,孔壁基本上由石墨组成,镁及硫的含量极低.对试验结果进行了充分讨论,认为浮力并不构成球墨铸铁液中气泡迁移的主要动力,球墨铸铁液的体积收缩及其中的石墨化膨胀共同构成对气泡的挤压力.气泡在挤压力的作用下,向铸件各个方向迁移,伴随气泡一并迁移的高熔点非金属夹杂物在金属液表面氧化结膜,阻碍了后续气泡的向外迁移而被滞留在表皮以下形成皮下气孔. 相似文献
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我厂采用稀土镁球墨铸铁生产下箱体铸件(牌号QT42—10,曾一度出现大批的气泡和渣气孔。据统计,因气孔报废的废品率高达50%以上。在采取防止措施后,铸件废品率下降到5%以下。一、气泡的形成及防止气泡一般产生在下箱体的上表面和型芯的下部皮下1~2毫米以下。气孔内壁平滑光亮,有微量石墨膜,孔径一般比皮下气孔大,而且比较集中,密聚成堆,有的复盖着一层薄壳,有的裸露表面, 相似文献
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介绍了为解决高锰钢铸件的表面化学粘砂现象,结合生产实际,提出将铸件原砂由石英砂改为镁橄榄石砂.经过不断的试验、分析、总结,确定出合理配制镁橄榄石砂的工艺,使所生产的高锰钢铸件的表面化学粘砂现象得到彻底消除,说明了镁橄榄石砂作为铸造用砂在高锰钢铸件上的成功应用及使用效果.同时,总结出节约用砂的规律,降低了生产成本. 相似文献
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扫描电镜观察显示胫骨是一种由羟基磷灰石和胶原蛋白组成的自然生物陶瓷复合材料.羟基磷灰石具有层状的微结构并且平行于骨的表面排列.观察也显示这些羟基磷灰石层又是由许多羟基磷灰石片所组成,这些羟基磷灰石片具有长而薄的形状,也以平行的方式整齐排列.基于在胫骨中观察到的羟基磷灰石片的微结构特征,通过微结构模型分析及实验,研究了羟基磷灰石片平行排列微结构的最大拔出能.结果表明,羟基磷灰石片长而薄的形状以及平行排列方式增加了其最大拔出能,进而提高了骨的断裂韧性. 相似文献
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论述了CAD技术中参数化设计的三种建模方法,重点介绍了基于特征的参数化建模原理。在此基础上,分析机械设计中的机构结构,归纳出其零件的几何特征构成。设计了机构CAD图形库,并提出了该图形库生成步骤和人机交互界面。 相似文献
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采用激光辐照对FeCrAlW电弧喷涂层的组织进行致密化处理,借助扫描电镜和X衍射对涂层的组织进行了分析.测试了涂层的显微硬度.结果表明:涂层组织致密度提高,孔隙率明显降低.随着激光扫描速度的增加,涂层的显微硬度降低.在较低的扫描速度下,涂层与基体之间形成互熔区,涂层与基体之间产生良好的冶金结合. 相似文献
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C. Colinet 《Intermetallics》2003,11(11-12):1095
A large number of ab-initio calculations of energies of formation of intermetallic compounds have been performed in the last 15 years. The currently used methods are listed. The paper presents a review of the aluminium based compounds which have been studied. Comparisons of calculated and experimental enthalpies of formation are provided for aluminim-3d and-4d transition metal alloys at equiatomic composition. The modelling of the enthalpies of mixing of solid solutions based on a given lattice is described. 相似文献
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O. N. Vlasova N. N. Korneeva V. I. Eremenko O. Kh. Fatkullin N. M. Semenova S. N. Petrova D. D. Vaulin 《Metal Science and Heat Treatment》1991,33(12):924-931
Conclusions To provide a high level of mechanical properties in wrought blanks of cast ÉP741NP and ÉP962 alloys it is necessary to form controlled structures. A necklace-type structure formed in homogenizing isostatic treatment, subsequent thermomechanical working including alternation of the operations of deformation in the (+)-area and recrystallization anneals, and final heat treatment is preferable. The temperature conditions of all stages of thermomechanical working are strictly controlled, especially the final operation of deformation and heating for hardening. To eliminate hardening cracks and distortions it is necessary to use molten salts at t=600°C as quenchants. The use of multiple production operations makes it possible to significantly reduce the structural inhomogeneity related to inhertance of the original dendritic structure. However, the structure of the final semifinished product is nevertheless characterized by a difference in occurrence of the processes of polygonization and recrystallization between the former dendritic cells and the interdendritic spaces in deformation and heat treatment.To obtain structurally homogeneous blanks for gas turbine engine parts it is necessary to use basically new methods of remelting such as vacuum double electrode remelting and electron beam remelting with an intermediate vessel.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 12, pp. 25–29, December, 1991. 相似文献