用于原油管道减振的吸振器阻抗研究

针对输油管道剧烈振动会引发焊缝开裂、管道连接部疲劳破坏等问题,利用阻抗耦合法和动力吸振技术对原油管道的减振进行了研究。采用金属波纹管设计的吸振器,借助抱箍安装在管道上,可实现管道x, y, z 3个方向的减振,具有防爆、阻燃和三维减振的优点。设计的动力吸振器具有较好的减振效果,比较减振前后相同测点振动加速度的均方根值可知,管道减振效果达到64.9%以上,解决了管道振动偏高的问题,同时减小了由振动引起的管道内交变应力,降低了振动引发的疲劳破坏。该减振方案不需要拆解进出口管道,只需要在外部加装吸振器就能达到较好的效果,是一种控制输油管道振动的好方法。     

射流管伺服阀力矩马达的振动特性分析

建立了射流管伺服阀力矩马达组件的随机振动动力学模型。通过模态分析和有限元分析,得到了力矩马达组件各部件的随机振动响应功率谱密度、应变和应力值。结果表明:最大位移发生在反馈杆的末端,最大应力发生在弹簧片内环圆角处。     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊液冷流道承压力学模型

为了实现液冷组件的可靠性设计,并且缩短液冷流道结构的设计周期,文中在通过力学仿真计算获得大量仿真数据的基础上,探索了流道承压共性规律,明确了液冷流道承压最大应力响应的影响因素及影响规律。结果表明,搅拌摩擦焊液冷流道内部的最大等效应力与盖板厚度呈反比,与盖板承压宽度的平方呈正比,与内压呈正比,在此基础上,建立了液冷流道承压力学模型 σ = KPL ² H ^-1,其中,对于铝合金液冷组件,K=0. 243 mm^-1。该承压力学模型为液冷组件提供了力学设计依据,根据液冷组件流道内压可以快速明确其几何尺寸,大大提高了设计效率,且广泛适用于采用其他焊接方法制造的同结构类型的液冷组件。     

直升机机载扫描反射镜组件随机振动仿真分析

为研究扫描反射镜组件在某型号直升机机载环境下的随机振动响应特性,利用有限元分析软件对其模型进行仿真分析。在确定边界条件过程中,依照能量等效原则,以一种基于振动试验的转化方法将正弦叠加宽带振动谱线转化为窄带叠加宽带谱线,该方法的应用减小了由于对结构品质因数的粗略估计而导致的误差。对扫描反射镜组件进行随机振动仿真,得到了机构的最大等效应力以及所选节点在三轴向下的随机振动位移响应,分析了结构振动响应特点。结果表明机载扫描反射镜组件在随机振动条件下满足刚度和强度要求,并能够保证使用时的工作精度,为直升机机载设备振动分析提供一种新思路。     

行波管热丝引出结构的耐随机振动量级分析

热丝组件是行波管内部温度最高的部位,其结构的抗振性能直接影响整管的抗振可靠性。用热力耦合仿真技术获得了随机振动PSD谱1σ、2σ、3σ概率分布下热丝断裂部位的应力场分布及最大应力值,并以试验获得的热丝高温抗拉强度作为热丝断裂判据,评价了25℃和85℃环境温度工作时原热丝结构能承受抗振量级,结果表明:1σ概率分布下,原热丝结构在25℃和85℃环境温度下工作时分别能承受加速度均方根为19.22g和18.67g的随机振动量级;3σ概率分布下,能承受16.06g和15.08g的随机振动量级。并评价了不同结构尺寸的热丝结构的抗振能力,研究发现热丝所能承受的随机振动抗振量级随热丝引出端长度的增加而增大,随热丝直径的增大而增大。研究成果为热丝结构优化设计提供理论依据。     

用静强度理论考查结构随机振动响应的工程分析方法

在结构的初期设计阶段,为了预测结构在随机振动激励下的响应,提出用结构在随机振动过程中的最大响应加速度作为准静态载荷计算结构应力响应的工程分析方法。给出Miles公式法、全频段PSD(power spectral density)法和半功率带宽法三种估算结构随机振动激励下最大响应加速度的方法,并用这三种方法对某相机主镜组件进行随机振动条件下的应力仿真计算。对比计算结果与试验数据,表明用Miles公式法和全频段PSD法仿真计算的误差较小,分别在13%和15%以内。说明用静强度理论考查结构随机振动响应的工程分析方法具有一定的应用价值。     

随机振动载荷下混装组件焊点的可靠性分析

选取混装组件进行建模仿真,建模时将混装组件中焊点和引脚等效成一个块状进行简化处理。采用GJB150.16-86中推荐的"第8类随机振动—喷气式飞机振动环境"振动试验条件进行随机振动仿真分析,分析组件的翘曲度、组件应力集中区域(薄弱环节)、组件中器件焊点应力应变分布及危险焊点位置;再运用子模型法建立危险区域焊点精细模型,利用子模型来求解3种不同类型焊点的应力应变值;最后运用Miner疲劳累积损伤理论、三带技术和三参数S-N曲线近似公式进行不同类型焊点寿命估算。研究结果表明:翼形引脚焊点类型抗振强度最低,J型引脚焊点类型其次,BGA类鼓状焊点类型抗振强度最好;BGA类鼓状焊点振动疲劳寿命为14.18h,翼形焊点疲劳寿命为8.54h,J形焊点疲劳寿命为8.96h。     

基于ANSYS的电动汽车框梁组件动力学分析

电动汽车设计有框梁组件,用于固定动力总成及相应高低压附件。相对于传统车,电动汽车动力总成及工况都有所不同。分析电动汽车的高压电气架构,对框梁的搭载部件重力以及受力工况进行统计和评估,建立动力学分析的约束和边界条件,利用ANSYS软件作谐响应和随机振动分析,找出框梁的振动参数,在设计过程中为规避结构疲劳、共振等不良影响提供依据。得到了在10～1 000 Hz正弦载荷和随机振动工况下,框梁的响应曲线和应力应变云图。结果表明:最大应力应变低于结构的设计强度,有一定的优化空间。     

星载环境监测仪转动件随机振动分析

光谱定标转动件是星载环境监测仪的关键部件,卫星发射过程中的随机振动是导致其结构失效的重要因素.为有效预示环境监测仪中该转动件在力学环境条件下的响应,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对其固有模态和随机振动响应特性进行分析,获得了1σ位移、加速度和等效应力的响应统计值与随机响应谱.分析结果表明,转动件结构在随机振动环境的刚度和强度满足安全性要求,为结构设计和进一步优化提供了参考依据.     

随机振动条件下形态结构参数对PBGA无铅焊点应力应变影响分析

选取焊点高度、焊盘直径、引脚间距、焊点矩阵四个形态结构参数作为关键因素,采用水平正交表L18(37)设计18种不同形态结构参数组合的塑料封装球栅阵列(plasticballgridarray,PBGA)器件无铅焊点,建立18种PBGA无铅焊点的三维有限元分析模型,并进行随机振动条件下的应力应变有限元分析,得到18种不同形态结构参数的PBGA无铅焊点的应力应变数据,针对应力应变数据进行极差分析与方差分析。结果表明,随机振动条件下四个因素对PBGA无铅焊点应力应变的影响由大到小依次是焊点矩阵、引脚间距、焊点高度和焊盘直径,应力应变最小的焊点最佳形态结构参数水平组合为焊点高度0.32mm、焊盘直径0.30mm、引脚间距0.65mm和焊点矩阵6×6;在置信度为95%的情况下,引脚间距和焊点矩阵对PBGA无铅焊点随机振动应变具有显著影响,焊盘高度和焊盘直径对应变影响不显著。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.