动态应变时效对18—8型奥氏体不锈钢低周疲劳行为的影响

本文研究了18-8型奥氏体不锈钢的对称拉压低周疲劳行为特征及动态应变时效(DSA)预处理的影响结果表明:在所使用的应变幅(±0.5%-±1.5%)范围内,试样都经过循环硬化、饱和和循环软化过程,在相同的应变幅下DSA预处理后循环峰值应力高于固溶态及冷变形预处理状态,但疲劳断裂寿命相差不大TEM分析结果表明:材料经DSA预处理后,形成了均匀、高密度、稳定的位错组态是提高循环峰值应力的主要原因,而循环软化则是由于形成了低密度的、伸长的位错胞状结构的结果     

预应变对Zr702/TA2/Q345R复合板低周疲劳行为的影响

研究了预应变对Zr702/TA2/Q345R复合板低周疲劳行为的影响。研究表明,预应变对Zr702/TA2/Q345R复合板微观组织的影响与各层材料的晶体结构有关。在Zr702纯锆和TA2纯钛层中,随着预应变水平提高,滑移带和孪晶明显增多。预应变促进了Zr702/TA2/Q345R复合板的循环软化变形,使应变范围、循环塑性变形程度提高而疲劳寿命降低。预应变后,材料的反向屈服极限降低,棘轮损伤程度因此降低。尽管预应变提高了复合板组成材料的抗裂纹扩展阻力,但复合板在预应变后应变幅提高,加剧了塑性损伤累积,因此疲劳寿命降低。     

H68黄铜动态应变时效后的组织与性能

在4.76×10-4s-1的应变速率、100K～673K 的温度范围内进行了系列温度拉伸试验、恒应力时效试验以及对动态应变时效(DSA)预处理后微观组织的观察,研究了DSA对H68黄铜组织和性能的影响.结果表明,H68黄铜在250K～600K的温度范围内会出现DSA现象;在DSA温区内,出现屈服应力平台及加工硬化速率峰值.在动态应变时效过程中发生的运动位错与溶质原子之间的交互作用使材料的位错组态发生变化,在相同的预应变量下,随着DSA预处理的温度升高,材料的位错密度提高,形成更复杂、更稳定的位错组态.     

预应变对工业纯钛TA2疲劳裂纹尖端应变场的影响

钛制承压设备在制造和服役过程中会产生塑性变形,影响其抗疲劳性能。为了研究预应变对工业纯钛TA2疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响,本文对原始材料、预应变量为10%、20%和30%的材料进行疲劳裂纹扩展试验,结合数字图像相关(Digital image correlation, DIC)技术获取裂纹尖端应变场,研究预应变对裂纹尖端应变场的影响。结果表明：随着预应变量的增加,稳态疲劳裂纹扩展阶段的扩展速率减小,裂纹张开位移减小,裂纹张开载荷增大,裂纹尖端塑性区、塑性变形量以及循环塑性应变累积量均减小。因此预应变抑制了裂纹尖端的塑性变形及循环塑性累积,致使裂纹闭合效应愈加明显,从而抑制了裂纹的扩展。研究结果对钛制承压设备的安全评定具有参考意义。     

应变比对复合细化超细晶纯钛低周疲劳行为的影响

采用等径通道弯曲挤压(Equal Channel Angular Pressing, ECAP)+旋锻(Rotary Swaging, RS)技术制备超细晶纯钛,细化后晶粒尺寸达到纳米级。在室温下对超细晶纯钛实施应变比分别为-1、-0.5、0.5的应变控制低周疲劳试验,通过TEM对微观组织观察。研究了应变比对材料循环硬化软化特性、循环应力应变关系及疲劳寿命的影响。研究结果表明,应变比增大使得超细晶纯钛循环硬化现象更为显著,应变比越大超细晶纯钛低周疲劳寿命越低。低周疲劳高应变比情况下亚晶晶粒尺寸小,数量多,阻碍位错运动,使得材料发生循环硬化。     

辊弯成形下塑性应变对挤压态6063 T66铝合金型材疲劳性能的影响（英文）

分析从辊弯成形型材区和预应变材料取样的材料的拉伸塑性应变。利用概率Weibull累积分布(P-S-N曲线)近似高周疲劳的实验数据。利用LS-Dyna程序和实验数据对辊弯成形进行数值模拟，建立疲劳寿命预测模型。材料的循环行为表明，随着静态失效水平的增加，疲劳寿命分布减小。断裂表面的断口形貌分析表明，由于晶界附近的位错积累，拉伸预应变的晶间裂纹水平增加。所提模型预测结果与概率散射带具有良好的相关性(误差低于10%)。     

拉伸预应变对Q345R钢低周疲劳性能的影响研究

采用轴向应变控制法,在MTS809电液伺服疲劳试验机上,开展了拉伸预应变后的压力容器用钢Q345R的低周疲劳试验,获得了不同预应变下材料的循环响应特征、循环应力-应变关系以及疲劳寿命等低周疲劳试验数据。结果表明:预应变对疲劳寿命影响较大,对循环响应特征基本没有影响,但提高了应力幅。通过Hollomon公式和Manson-Coffin公式拟合疲劳试验数据,建立了疲劳寿命的预测公式,试验数据与拟合曲线基本吻合。裂纹快速扩展区及最后断裂区的面积均随预应变的变化而变化。     

富Ce稀土对AZ91D镁合金高周疲劳性能的影响

向压铸镁合金AZ91D中分别添加质量分数为1％和2％的富ce稀土进行室温下应力比R=0、1的拉一拉高周疲劳试验，得到材料疲劳曲线；对疲劳断口进行了宏观和SEM微观分析，指出了材料的破坏机理和原因。结果表明，添加一定量的富Ce稀土对提高AZ91D镁合金的高周疲劳性能具有积极作用，富Ce稀土添加量为1％时疲劳强度提高幅度较大，效果较好。     

扭转预应变对Q345R钢低周疲劳性能影响的研究

采用轴向应变控制法、MTS809电液伺服疲劳试验机开展了扭转预应变后压力容器用Q345R钢的低周疲劳试验,获得了扭转预应变下材料的循环响应特征、应力-应变关系以及疲劳寿命等低周疲劳试验数据。根据应变-寿命曲线和塑性应变能-寿命曲线对试验钢的疲劳寿命进行了预测,两种方法预测结果一致。结果表明:扭转预应变对Q345R钢的疲劳寿命有明显的影响,但对其循环响应特征无明显影响,试验钢具有循环硬化特征。经过预扭转试件的裂纹扩展区出现韧窝,预扭转加速了裂纹扩展速率并增加了最后断裂区面积;而扩展区相应减小,这是预扭转导致疲劳寿命降低的原因。     

喷丸与振动光饰复合处理对GH4169高温合金疲劳性能的影响

本文对比研究了喷丸和喷丸与振动光饰复合处理对GH4169高温合金疲劳性能的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜、粗糙度仪、显微硬度计、X射线应力测试仪分析和测试了试样的表面形貌、表层组织、粗糙度、显微硬度、残余应力场,探讨了表面完整性与疲劳性能的内在联系及作用机制。结果表明复合处理对GH4169合金疲劳性能的改善效果比单独喷丸强化处理更好;复合处理使GH4169高温合金的常温疲劳强度提高了21.6％;500℃预加热100h处理使复合强化GH4169高温合金疲劳强度降低了6％,但仍较未喷丸处理状态提高了14.29％,即复合处理能够有效改善GH4169高温合金常温～500℃高温工况下的抗疲劳性能。     

EFFECT OF DYNAMIC STRAIN AGING ON PURE BENDING FATIGUE STRENGTH OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL

The effect of various dynamic strain aging(DSA)pre-treatment processes on pure bendingfatigue strength of an 18-8 austenitic stainless steel was investigated.The results show thatDSA pre-treatment processes increase remarkably the fatigue strength and the strengtheningeffects increase with increasing pre-strain temperature and pre-strain.The fatigue limit ofspecimens pre-treated by DSA is 87% higher than that by solution treatment,and 20% high-er than that by cold-working.TEM observations show that the uniform and stable dislocationnetworks with high density formed after DSA pre-treatment,which suppress effectively theinitiation and propugation of fatigue cracks and increase the fatigue strength of materials.     

EFFECT OF DYNAMIC STRAIN AGING ON LOW CYCLE FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF 18-8 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL

Studies were made of the symmetric tensile-compressive low cycle fatigue behaviour and theinfluence of dynamic strain aging(DSA)pre-treatment of 18-8 austenitic stainless steel.Within the testing amplitude range of strain.±0.5 % to±1.5 %,the three processes ofcyclic hardening,cyclic saturation and cyclic softening were observed.In the same amplitudeof strain,the peak stress of the samples pre-treated by DSA is higher than that of solid-solu-tion and cold working pre-treatment,but no remarkable differences of the fatigue lives ofthem were found.TEM observation shows that the uniform and stable dislocation networkswith high density form after DSA pre-treatment,which increases the cyclic peak stress.Thecyclic softening results from the low dislocation density and elongated cell structure with lowenergy.     

Fatigue behavior of duplex-treated samples coated with Cr(C,N) film

The effect of a Cr(C,N) PVD coating on the fatigue behavior of 42CrMo4 steel grade was investigated both in a quenched and tempered condition and after nitriding treatment. The latter, so-called “duplex process”, combines a nitriding pre-treatment in order to obtain a hard and stiff substrate and a PVD coating in order to reduce the friction coefficient and improve the wear resistance of tools and mechanical components.Prior to fatigue testing, the surface modifications were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), residual stress distribution, Vickers nano-hardness measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis.For the quenched and tempered steels, the PVD coating acts as a high compressive residual stressed zone able to increase the fatigue resistance of the coated component. On the contrary, for the duplex-treated samples, a limited increase in the fatigue limit was detected with respect to uncoated nitrided samples. This result was interpreted by means of the residual stress gradient which does not show high differences for nitrided coated and uncoated samples.     

火焰喷焊对碳钢疲劳寿命的影响

对三种不同基材状态的45~3钢经表面火焰喷焊Ni60后的疲劳性能及腐蚀疲劳性能变化的研究,表明强度高的调质态基材喷焊后的疲劳极限下降7%,而正火态和轧态基材喷焊后疲劳极限提高14%。当有3.5%NaCl腐蚀介质存在时,不管基材强度高或低,表面喷焊都使材料的腐蚀疲劳强度(10~7寿命)提高30%以上。文中通过断口金相分析阐明喷焊后基材表面组织结构变化及其对疲劳裂纹形成及扩展的影响,讨论了Ni60喷焊层在腐蚀疲劳过程的行为,为喷焊工艺在工业中的应用提供了依据。     

The Effect of Dynamic Strain Aging on Subsequent Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Steels

Dual-phase (DP) steels with different martensite contents were produced by subjecting a low carbon steel to various heat treatment cycles. In order to investigate the effect of dynamic strain aging (DSA) on mechanical properties, tensile specimens were deformed 3% at 300 °C. Room temperature tensile tests of specimens which deformed at 300 °C showed that both yield and ultimate tensile strengths increased, while total elongation decreased. The fatigue limit increased after pre-strain in the DSA temperature range. The effects of martensite volume fraction on mechanical properties were discussed.     

渗碳钢在裂纹萌生前的疲劳行为SCIEI

通过拉伸-拉伸疲劳试验观测研究了渗碳钢经淬火和回火后在裂纹萌生前的疲劳行为。实验中发现:这种钢出现表层的疲劳软化与芯部的疲劳硬化共存的现象;在圆试样的渗碳层深度附近,有着一个过渡区,它将整个横截面分为向外的疲劳软化区和向内的疲劳硬化区;随外加最大循环应力和循环次数的增加,表层的疲劳软化程度和芯部的疲劳硬化程度都增加。     

固溶氮原子对不锈钢单轴及多轴低周疲劳特性的影响

对３１６Ｌ和３１６ＬＮ不锈钢进行了单轴拉压及多轴非比例加载低周疲劳实验研究,分析了固溶的氮原子对单轴及多轴非比例加载低周疲劳特性及其微结构的影响。结果表明,固溶的氮原子增大了不锈钢铁的单轴循环软化程度及非比例循环附加强化程度,延长了不锈钢的单轴拉压低周疲劳寿命,但却缩短了不锈钢的多轴非比例加载低周疲劳寿命,固溶的氮原子对单轴及多轴低周疲劳密度位错结构的形成具有明显的抑制作用,利用Ｍｏｅｓｓｂａｕｅ     

循环条件对金属陶瓷热冲击疲劳的影响

研究了循环条件对40％Ni－Ti（C,N）金属陶瓷热冲击疲劳的影响。结果表明,循环条件对金属陶瓷热冲击疲劳有很大影响。随循环温度和冷却速率的增加,裂纹形核的孕育期缩短,裂纹扩展速率增加。扫描电镜观察发现,断口形貌中存在疲劳条纹。     

ZMl Mg合金的表面滚压强化SCIEI

研究了表面滚压对ＺＭ１Ｍｇ合金疲劳强度和疲劳缺口敏感度的影响。结果表明，滚压可使其光滑疲劳极限提高５７％，缺口疲劳极限提高２００％，大大降低疲劳缺口敏感度，使ｑ出现负值。ｈｃｐ的ＺＭ１Ｍｇ合金滚压时以滑移和孪生方式变形和形变强化，引入高的残余压应力，有利于提高缺口疲劳极限和降低疲劳缺口敏感度。