鲜切果蔬包装的研究现状与进展

包装在维持鲜切果蔬品质、延长货架寿命等方面发挥着重要的作用.本文综述了近年来国内外包装材料在鲜切果蔬保鲜方面的研究进展与应用.介绍了鲜切果蔬的包装技术,包括气调包装、涂膜包装和智能包装等,总结了其优缺点及应用现状,并且讨论了鲜切果蔬包装未来的发展趋势.     

高阻隔塑料包装材料在肉与肉制品中的应用进展

包装材料是影响肉制品品质与货架期的重要因素,能够影响产品流通渠道和销售半径。目前,高阻隔包装材料在肉制品包装中的应用较为广泛,但肉制品包装中常用高阻隔材料的特点及其对肉制品品质和食品安全的影响尚未有系统深入的总结、对比和分析。因此,总结了肉制品包装中常用的高阻隔材料的种类、特点,对比分析了不同包装材料对肉制品品质和货架期的影响,同时概述了纳米材料、活性包装等新型包装材料在肉制品中的应用,以期能够为肉类产品包装材料上的选择提供理论指导。     

消费者对肉制品包装的核心诉求

以当下肉制品包装现状为背景,从产品方面和消费方面论述了消费者对肉制品包装的核心诉求。产品方面包括功能、安全、绿色诉求。消费方面包括消费体验感诉求。并通过结合目前的包装技术、包装材料和包装设计理念,分析了如何更好的满足消费者对肉制品包装的核心诉求。     

水果蔬菜采用MAP包装的数学模型及其应用

对水果蔬菜的呼吸过程与包装材料透气性的关系进行了分析，从理论上提出了水果蔬菜在采用ＭＡＰ包装时呼吸平衡数学模型，对控制包装内的气体成分，延长水果蔬菜的货架寿命有较大的指导意义。     

食品的货架期与包装

在软包装设计中,包装的色彩和美观造型固然重要,但我们这里更感兴趣的是如何设计选择包装材料使包装能达到维护产品质量．延长货架寿命的目的。所以,你必须透彻了解你要包装的产品的性能。然后,根据储藏环境条件以及货架期要求等多项综合考虑来合理选择包装材料和方法。     

浅析肉品包装材料与包装技术

介绍了肉品包装的重要性以及肉品包装材料的特性，同时总结了国内外肉品包装的常用材料及包装技术。其中冷鲜肉的真空热缩包装技术及肉制品的拉伸膜包装技术是肉品包装技术的发展趋势。     

食品活性包装

传统的食品包装使用的是惰性包装材料,主要通过物理方式使被包装食品与外界相对隔绝而保持食品品质。但是随着食品加工、运输和贮存一体化技术的大规模发展,食品的流通扩展到世界各地,不仅需要食品维持较长的货架寿命,而且还要保持营养新鲜的品质。同时随着人们对身体健康的关注以及对食品质量要求的不断提高,又希望食品加工中尽量减少化学添加剂,因此这对从加工产地流通到销售市场的食品的安全和质量提出了新的挑战。在这种时代前提下,具有特定功能的活性包装就应运而生。     

不同包装方式对蛋糕品质的影响研究

本文以KONY/CPP复合包装膜为包装材料,采用温度50℃、湿度65%的条件进行加速实验,研究充气包装、普通包装和脱氧包装等三种不同包装方式对蛋糕感官品质和理化指标的影响并分析适合蛋糕的包装方式,最大程度延长蛋糕的货架寿命和扩大销售半径。     

栅栏技术在传统肉制品生产中的应用

本文介绍了栅栏技术的基本原理。针对中国的传统肉制品特性,利用栅栏技术,在不影响其货架寿命下改善风味、提高营养价值。在栅栏技术的基础上结合微生物预测技术和HACCP技术使传统肉制品更易于保藏。     

栅栏技术在传统肉制品生产中的应用

介绍了栅栏技术的基本原理。针对中国的传统肉制品特性，利用栅栏技术，在不影响其货架寿命条件下改善风味、提高营养价值。在栅栏技术的基础上结合微生物预测技术和HACCP技术使传统肉制品更易于保藏。     

A critical review on biodegradable food packaging for meat: Materials,sustainability, regulations,and perspectives in the EU

The development of biodegradable packaging is a challenge, as conventional plastics have many advantages in terms of high flexibility, transparency, low cost, strong mechanical characteristics, and high resistance to heat compared with most biodegradable plastics. The quality of biodegradable materials and the research needed for their improvement for meat packaging were critically evaluated in this study. In terms of sustainability, biodegradable packagings are more sustainable than conventional plastics; however, most of them contain unsustainable chemical additives. Cellulose showed a high potential for meat preservation due to high moisture control. Polyhydroxyalkanoates and polylactic acid (PLA) are renewable materials that have been recently introduced to the market, but their application in meat products is still limited. To be classified as an edible film, the mechanical properties and acceptable control over gas and moisture exchange need to be improved. PLA and cellulose-based films possess the advantage of protection against oxygen and water permeation; however, the addition of functional substances plays an important role in their effects on the foods. Furthermore, the use of packaging materials is increasing due to consumer demand for natural high-quality food packaging that serves functions such as extended shelf-life and contamination protection. To support the importance moving toward biodegradable packaging for meat, this review presented novel perspectives regarding ecological impacts, commercial status, and consumer perspectives. Those aspects are then evaluated with the specific consideration of regulations and perspective in the European Union (EU) for employing renewable and ecological meat packaging materials. This review also helps to highlight the situation regarding biodegradable food packaging for meat in the EU specifically.     

MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE AND VACUUM PACKAGING OF MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS

Extension of the shelf-life of meat and poultry products is one of the technology needs to meet the demands of consumers. In this respect, increasing attention is put on packaging techniques. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and vacuum packaging (VP) are recent innovations that have been gaining importance as preservation techniques to improve the shelf-life of meat and poultry. MAP provides alterations of atmospheric gas concentrations in the pack. Controlled atmosphere (CA) packaging is also MAP, wherein the selected atmospheric concentration of gas is actively maintained throughout the storage period. In VP, air is completely removed. The three principal gases used in MAP are carbon dioxide (to inhibit bacteria and moulds), nitrogen (to avoid oxidation of fats and pack collapse), and oxygen (to prevent anaerobic growth). Retention of meat color is better in MAP than in VP. However, color is regained when meat is removed from VP packets and exposed to air. Microbial profiles of MAP- and VP-meat do not differ significantly. MAP offers several unique advantages for retaining the desirable market quality of products. The safety of MAP meat is still a concern under temperature abuse conditions but it can be improved by coupling with hurdle technology and proper preservation systems. Active packaging is a significant area of advancement of MAP technology to further improve the safety of meat and poultry products. This contribution critically reviews the existing knowledge on MAP and VP of meat and poultry in order to broaden our understanding of the subject and to suggest further areas of research to effectively use these technologies for marketing safe meat and poultry products.     

MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE AND VACUUM PACKAGING OF MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS

Extension of the shelf-life of meat and poultry products is one of the technology needs to meet the demands of consumers. In this respect, increasing attention is put on packaging techniques. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and vacuum packaging (VP) are recent innovations that have been gaining importance as preservation techniques to improve the shelf-life of meat and poultry. MAP provides alterations of atmospheric gas concentrations in the pack. Controlled atmosphere (CA) packaging is also MAP, wherein the selected atmospheric concentration of gas is actively maintained throughout the storage period. In VP, air is completely removed. The three principal gases used in MAP are carbon dioxide (to inhibit bacteria and moulds), nitrogen (to avoid oxidation of fats and pack collapse), and oxygen (to prevent anaerobic growth). Retention of meat color is better in MAP than in VP. However, color is regained when meat is removed from VP packets and exposed to air. Microbial profiles of MAP- and VP-meat do not differ significantly. MAP offers several unique advantages for retaining the desirable market quality of products. The safety of MAP meat is still a concern under temperature abuse conditions but it can be improved by coupling with hurdle technology and proper preservation systems. Active packaging is a significant area of advancement of MAP technology to further improve the safety of meat and poultry products. This contribution critically reviews the existing knowledge on MAP and VP of meat and poultry in order to broaden our understanding of the subject and to suggest further areas of research to effectively use these technologies for marketing safe meat and poultry products.     

Past, current and potential utilisation of active and intelligent packaging systems for meat and muscle-based products: A review

Interest in the use of active and intelligent packaging systems for meat and meat products has increased in recent years. Active packaging refers to the incorporation of additives into packaging systems with the aim of maintaining or extending meat product quality and shelf-life. Active packaging systems discussed include oxygen scavengers, carbon dioxide scavengers and emitters, moisture control agents and anti-microbial packaging technologies. Intelligent packaging systems are those that monitor the condition of packaged foods to give information regarding the quality of the packaged food during transport and storage. The potential of sensor technologies, indicators (including integrity, freshness and time-temperature (TTI) indicators) and radio frequency identification (RFID) are evaluated for potential use in meat and meat products. Recognition of the benefits of active and intelligent packaging technologies by the food industry, development of economically viable packaging systems and increased consumer acceptance is necessary for commercial realisation of these packaging technologies.     

Quality and safety aspects of meat products as affected by various physical manipulations of packaging materials

This article explores the effects of physically manipulated packaging materials on the quality and safety of meat products. Recently, innovative measures for improving quality and extending the shelf-life of packaged meat products have been developed, utilizing technologies including barrier film, active packaging, nanotechnology, microperforation, irradiation, plasma and far-infrared ray (FIR) treatments. Despite these developments, each technology has peculiar drawbacks which will need to be addressed by meat scientists in the future. To develop successful meat packaging systems, key product characteristics affecting stability, environmental conditions during storage until consumption, and consumers' packaging expectations must all be taken into consideration. Furthermore, the safety issues related to packaging materials must also be taken into account when processing, packaging and storing meat products.     

Influence of factors on release of antimicrobials from antimicrobial packaging materials

Antimicrobial packaging materials (films or coatings) (APMs) have aroused great interest among the scientists or the experts specialized in material science, food science, packaging engineering, biology and chemistry. APMs have been used to package the food, such as dairy products, poultry, meat (e.g., beef), salmon muscle, pastry dough, fresh pasta, bakery products, fruits, vegetables and beverages. Some materials have been already commercialized. The ability of APMs to extend the shelf-life of the food depends on the release rate of the antimicrobials (AMs) from the materials to the food. The optimum rate is defined as target release rate (TRR). To achieve TRR, the influencing factors of the release rate should be considered. Herein we reviewed for the first time these factors and their influence on the release. These factors mainly include the AMs, food (or food simulant), packaging materials, the interactions among them, the temperature and environmental relative humidity (RH).     

生物保护菌联合气调包装应用于肉品中抑菌保鲜的研究进展

肉及肉制品营养物质丰富,非常容易因滋生微生物而腐败变质。气调包装和生物保护菌分别作为物理和生物保鲜技术可以较好地维持肉的色泽及营养价值,保持肉的新鲜度,抑制腐败菌生长,从而延长其货架期。本文介绍气调包装常用气体和生物保护菌的抑菌机理,综述二者联合在肉品中的应用,并对其在肉品科学领域的应用前景进行展望,以期为生物保护菌联合气调包装的保鲜方法在食品研究中的推广提供借鉴。     

Novel approaches in improving the quality and safety aspects of processed meat products through high pressure processing technology - A review

BackgroundIn recent years, there has been growing consumer demand for the minimally processed and chemical additives free Ready-To-Eat (RTE) healthier meat products. On the other hand processed and RTE meat products have been notified as the primary cause for food borne outbreaks in different countries that commonly associated with emerging pathogens such as Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli species.Scope and approachHigh pressure processing (HPP) has been renewed as a best non-thermal intervention for extending the shelf-life and safety of RTE meat products without altering the sensory and nutritional properties. Meat products are complex medium with different physical and chemical compositions that influence the lethality of the microorganisms during HPP. Using high pressure levels (above 600 MPa) for complete sterility of meat products may not be economically feasible more over it may negatively affect the product quality characteristics. The present review aimed to explore the recent research investigations addressed the multi hurdle approaches to increase the effectiveness of HPP at lower processing levels in order to reduce the processing costs and to improve the safety and quality of processed meat products.Key findings and conclusionsThe combination of natural antimicrobials (plant bioactive compounds and bacteriocins) and antioxidants (plant phenolic compounds) as additional hurdles through different mechanisms (active and intelligent packaging) during HPP can definitely be an effective and innovative intervention in ensuring the complete safety of processed meat products. Moreover, the development of low salt meat products with optimum quality attributes can be highly possible through HPP technology.     

基于生物可降解材料的活性包装在熟肉制品中的应用进展

肉制品不仅营养丰富,而且是微生物的良好生长介质。在贮藏运输过程中科学合理的包装方式能够有效抑制肉制品的腐败变质,从而保证肉制品品质。活性包装作为目前迅速发展的新技术之一,在驱除氧气、控制二氧化碳含量、抗氧化和抑菌方面已取得一定的研究成果,并在肉制品加工产业中得到应用。同时可降解的环保材料能够减少塑料污染,符合绿色生态环保的发展理念,并有助于实现食品包装产业的可持续发展。本文综述了基于生物可降解材料的活性包装在肉制品加工产业中的应用现状,以及该类活性包装对熟肉制品货架期、脂肪氧化和蛋白氧化等品质的影响及其机制,以期推进活性包装在熟肉制品中的应用并为相关研究提供理论指导。     

包装冷却肉中微生物腐败及其挥发性气味的研究进展

肉的腐败气味一直是消费者评判肉品新鲜度的重要指标。不同包装冷却肉中的微生物群落和代谢途径不同,导致肉品贮藏期间释放出不同的挥发性气味物质,这直接决定了肉的腐败气味和腐败程度;因此,进行包装肉挥发性物质的定性、定量分析对认知肉品腐败进程具有重要意义。本文通过综述冷却牛肉、猪肉、羊肉及禽肉在托盘包装、真空包装、气调包装中的微生物群落演替及其典型挥发性物质变化过程,揭示了特定包装过程中诱发肉品腐败气味的优势菌群,从底物利用和代谢通路方面分别探讨了这些气味的产生机制,并对现有检测手段进行总结,以期为控制肉品腐败异味,利用挥发性标记物监测包装肉品货架期提供思路。